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  • 1990-1994  (18)
  • 1985-1989  (9)
  • 1955-1959
  • Life and Medical Sciences  (21)
  • Females  (3)
  • adenocarcinoma
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Agonistic relationships between female mountain gorillas (Gorilla gorilla beringei) (1994)
    Springer
    Behavioral ecology and sociobiology 34 (1994), S. 347-358 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0762
    Keywords: Gorillas ; Females ; Aggression ; Agonistic hierarchies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Females in some mountain gorilla groups can be ranked on the basis of decided, non-aggressive approach-retreat interactions. However, data on four gorilla groups show that females do not form clear agonistic dominance hierarchies. Most aggressive interactions between females were undecided, and most dyads had undecided dominance relationships (Fig. 2). Females ignored aggression or responded to it aggressively more often than they responded submissively (Fig. 3). Moreover, directional inconsistency in aggression (including escalated contests) was high, and in some groups females showed significant bidirectionality in initiation of aggression (i.e., the more often they received aggression from partners, the more often they directed aggression at those partners; Fig. 4). Assigning ranks on the basis of aggressive interactions has limited power to explain variation in rates of initiating aggression and in responses and outcomes to aggression. Aggression was most common during feeding, but usually did not interrupt feeding bouts. It was proportionately more common in contexts that seem to involve competition for access to males (Figs 5, 6). This is consistent with the argument that females depend crucially on male services. As predicted by current models of female primate social relationships, agonistic relationships between gorilla females are unlike those typical in cercopithecine primates. They resemble those of some other primates and some equids in which contest competition for food is relatively unimportant and ecological costs of female transfer are low.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01209781
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Agonistic relationships between female mountain gorillas (Gorilla gorilla beringei) (1994)
    Springer
    Behavioral ecology and sociobiology 34 (1994), S. 347-358 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0762
    Keywords: Key words: Gorillas ; Females ; Aggression ; Agonistic hierarchies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. Females in some mountain gorilla groups can be ranked on the basis of decided, non-aggressive approach-retreat interactions. However, data on four gorilla groups show that females do not form clear agonistic dominance hierarchies. Most aggressive interactions between females were undecided, and most dyads had undecided dominance relationships (Fig. 2). Females ignored aggression or responded to it aggressively more often than they responded submissively (Fig. 3). Moreover, directional inconsistency in aggression (including escalated contests) was high, and in some groups females showed significant bidirectionality in initiation of aggression (i.e., the more often they received aggression from partners, the more often they directed aggression at those partners; Fig. 4). Assigning ranks on the basis of aggressive interactions has limited power to explain variation in rates of initiating aggression and in responses and outcomes to aggression. Aggression was most common during feeding, but usually did not interrupt feeding bouts. It was proportionately more common in contexts that seem to involve competition for access to males (Figs 5, 6). This is consistent with the argument that females depend crucially on male services. As predicted by current models of female primate social relationships, agonistic relationships between gorilla females are unlike those typical in cercopithecine primates. They resemble those of some other primates and some equids in which contest competition for food is relatively unimportant and ecological costs of female transfer are low.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01209781
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Agonistic relationships between female mountain gorillas (Gorilla gorilla beringei) (1994)
    Springer
    Behavioral ecology and sociobiology 34 (1994), S. 347-358 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0762
    Keywords: Gorillas ; Females ; Aggression ; Agonistic hierarchies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Females in some mountain gorilla groups can be ranked on the basis of decided, non-aggressive approach-retreat interactions. However, data on four gorilla groups show that females do not form clear agonistic dominance hierarchies. Most aggressive interactions between females were undecided, and most dyads had undecided dominance relationships (Fig. 2). Females ignored aggression or responded to it aggressively more often than they responded submissively (Fig. 3). Moreover, directional inconsistency in aggression (including escalated contests) was high, and in some groups females showed significant bidirectionality in initiation of aggression (i.e., the more often they received aggression from partners, the more often they directed aggression at those partners; Fig. 4). Assigning ranks on the basis of aggressive interactions has limited power to explain variation in rates of initiating aggression and in responses and outcomes to aggression. Aggression was most common during feeding, but usually did not interrupt feeding bouts. It was proportionately more common in contexts that seem to involve competition for access to males (Figs 5, 6). This is consistent with the argument that females depend crucially on male services. As predicted by current models of female primate social relationships, agonistic relationships between gorilla females are unlike those typical in cercopithecine primates. They resemble those of some other primates and some equids in which contest competition for food is relatively unimportant and ecological costs of female transfer are low.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00197005
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phase II trial of fazarabine (arabinofuranosyl-5-azacytidine) in patients with advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma (1992)
    Springer
    Investigational new drugs 10 (1992), S. 205-209 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0646
    Keywords: phase II ; fazarabine ; adenocarcinoma ; pancreas
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We conducted a phase II evaluation of fazarabine 1.75–2.0 mg/m2hr over 72 hours every 28 days in 14 previously untreated patients with advanced adenocarcinoma of the pancreas. The intial dose was 1.75 mg/m2/hr in 10 patients, and 2.0 mg/m2hr in 4 patients. The dose was escalated in 8 patients, including all 4 who started at the higher dose level. Toxicity was unexpectedly mild. The median WBC nadir was 4.4 (range: 2.4–15.8)×103/μl, the median absolute neutrophil nadir was 3.2 (range: 0.9–13.0)×103/μl, and the median platelet count was 134.0 (range: 48.0–291.0)×103/μl. Gastrointestinal toxicity was generally mild. No major responses were seen, excluding, with 95% confidence, a response rate in excess of 20%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00877247
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phase II trial of edatrexate in patients with advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma (1992)
    Springer
    Investigational new drugs 10 (1992), S. 313-316 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0646
    Keywords: phase II ; edatrexate ; adenocarcinoma ; pancreas
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We conducted a phase II evaluation of edatrexate in 17 previously untreated patients with advanced adenocarcinoma of the pancreas; 14 patients had at least one month of therapy. The initial dose was 80 mg/m2iv. Treatment was administered weekly for 5 weeks, then every other week. Toxicity was generally mild. The median WBC nadir was 5.4 (range 0.6–7.4)×103/μl, and the median platelet nadir was 164.0 (range 62.0–341.0)×103/μl. One patient died with sepsis and gastrointestinal bleeding associated with pancytopenia. Five patients had a mild rash. Nausea occurred in 6 patients, including 3 who had vomiting. In addition, 11 patients complained of vague malaise which seemed to begin within 24–48 hours after administration of edatrexate, and lasted for 2 to 3 days, resolving within 6 days of drug administration. Median survival was 85 days. Although 5 patients had stable disease, including one with relief of pain, no major responses were seen, excluding, with 95% confidence, a response rate in excess of 20%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00944187
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of alpha-actinin from Acanthamoeba (1986)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 6 (1986), S. 649-661 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: actin ; gelation ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Characterization of a protein from Acanthamoeba that was originally called gelation protein [T.D. Pollard, J. Biol. Chem. 256:7666-7670, 1981] has shown that it resembles the actin filament cross-linking protein, alpha-actinin, found in other cells. It comprises about 1.5% of the total amoeba protein and can be purified by chromatography with a yield of 13%. The native protein has a molecular weight of 180,000 and consists of two polypeptides of 90,000 Da. The Stokes' radius is 8.5 nm, the intrinsic viscosity is 0.35 dl/dm, and the extinction coefficient at 280 nm is 1.8 × 105M-1·cm-1. Electron micrographs of shadowed specimens show that the molecule is a rod 48 nm long and 7 nm wide with globular domains at both ends and in the middle of the shaft. On gel electrophoresis in sodium dodecylsulfate the pure protein can run as bands with apparent molecular weights of 60,000, 90,000, 95,000, or 134,000 depending on the method of sample preparation. Rabbit antibodies to electrophoretically purified Acanthamoeba alpha-actinin polypeptides react with all of these electrophoretic variants in samples of purified protein and cell extracts. By indirect fluorescent antibody staining of fixed amoebas, alpha-actinin is distributed throughout the cytoplasmic matrix and concentrated in the hyaline cytoplasm of the cortex. The protein cross-links actin filaments in the presence and absence of Ca++. It inhibits slightly the time course of the spontaneous polymerization of actin monomers but has no effect on the critical concentration for actin polymerization even though it increases the apparent rate of elongation to a small extent. Like some other cross-linking proteins, amoeba alpha-actinin inhibits the actin-activated ATPase of muscle myosin subfragment-1. Although Acanthamoeba alpha-actinin resembles the alpha-actinin from other cells in shape and ability to cross-link actin filaments, antibodies to amoeba and smooth muscle alpha-actinins do not cross react and there are substantial differences in the amino acid compositions and molecular dimensions.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970060613
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phase II trial of gemcitabine (2,2′-difiuorodeoxycytidine) in patients with adenocarcinoma of the pancreas (1994)
    Springer
    Investigational new drugs 12 (1994), S. 29-34 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0646
    Keywords: pancreas ; adenocarcinoma ; gemcitabine ; 2,2′-difluorodeoxycytidme ; phase II
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Gemcitabine is a novel nucleoside analog which demonstrated a broad spectrum of preclinical acitivity in solid tumor models, and responses in patients with pancreas cancer during phase I evaluation. Patients with measurable adenocarcinoma of the pancreas who had received no previous chemotherapy were eligible for this multicenter phase II clinical trial. Gemcitabine 800 mg/m2 was administered intravenously weekly for 3 consecutive weeks, followed by one week rest, every 4 weeks. Forty-four patients entered the trial; 35 had at least 2 cycles of therapy. Partial response was observed in 5 patients (11%, estimated 95% confidence interval 2–20%), with a median duration of 13 months. All responding patients had stabilization or improvement in performance status. Fourteen patients had stable disease of 4 or more months. The median WBC nadir was 3.8 × 103/μl (range 1.6–9.3) and the median absolute neutrophil (ANC) nadir was 2.0 × 103/μl (range 0.4–7.2). Thrombocytopenia - 100.0 × 103/μl was observed in 15 patients; the median platelet nadir was 123.0 (range 30.0–245.0). All patients experienced a mild to moderate flu-like syndrome. In addition, one patient had a mild hemolytic-uremic syndrome which appeared related to gemcitabine therapy. Gemcitabine demonstrated marginal activity in this resistant neoplasm, without excessive toxicity. Further evaluation, including the use of more intense dosing and/or combination therapy, is warranted.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00873232
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A multiplanar anatomic study of the cervical proximal nerve roots and spinal nerves (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Clinical Anatomy 5 (1992), S. 433-440 
    Details
    ISSN: 0897-3806
    Keywords: anatomy ; spine ; sheath ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Miscellaneous Medical
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: An anatomic study focused on the proximal cervical spinal nerves has not been reported. Therefore, we dissected the cervical spinal nerves of three cadavers and examined stained sections in parasagittal and axial planes through the proximal cervical spinal nerves and root sheaths. These studies documented distinct segments of the spinal nerve which had not been completely described in the previous anatomic studies. The sheath originates from the dural sac as a common sleeve, divides into two sleeves, one containing the ventral root and one the dorsal root, and then distal to the dorsal root ganglion fuses again into one sleeve. A space, the interradicular cleft, separates the dorsal and ventral portions of the sleeve. The proximal segment of the spinal nerve proper distal to the dorsal root ganglion is composed of multiple small fascicles surrounded by a dense epineurium. The presence of an interradicular cleft in the cervical nerve root sheath and of fascicles in the cervical spinal nerve has significance for imaging of the cervical spinal nerves and for the pathogenesis of symptoms in cases of partial compression. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ca.980050603
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dihydropyridine calcium antagonist modulates cholesterol metabolism and eicosanoid biosynthesis in vascular cells (1992)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 48 (1992), S. 393-400 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: calcium channel blocker ; atherosclerosis ; LDL ; LDL-receptor ; vascular smooth muscle ; PGI2 ; cyclic AMP ; cyclooxygenase ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Recent clinical studies have shown that calcium channel blockers can retard and possibly reduce the angiographic progression of coronary artery disease. Calcium channel blockers also inhibit dietary-induced atherosclerosis in animal models of this disease. In this study, we delineate potential cellular and molecular mechanisms by which nicardipine, a dihydropyridine calcium antagonist, may alter lipoprotein and cholesterol trafficking, affect the regulatory signal transduction pathways involved in accelerating cholesteryl ester (CE) catabolism in vascular smooth muscle cells, and modulate cell-cell interactions of vascular and inflammatory cells. We demonstrate in arterial smooth muscle cells that nicardipine increases (1) LDL binding, uptake, and degradation, (2) RNA transcript levels for the LDL receptor, (3) CE catabolic activity, (4) PGI2 release, and (5) RNA transcript levels for cyclooxygenase. Furthermore, nicardipine blocked cytokine-induced monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells. Taken together, these findings support the hypothesis that nicardipine may function as an anti-atherosclerotic agent by promoting CE catabolism and cholesterol clearance and by reducing monocyte adhesion to the activated endothelium.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240480408
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cell-cell matrix interactions in induced lung injury: III. Long term effects of X-irradiation on basal laminar proteoglycans (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 215 (1986), S. 127-133 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The lungs of male LAF1 mice were locally irradiated with doses of 5, 9, and 13 Gy. The animals were killed at times corresponding to the appearance of histologically identifiable fibrosis or, for 13 Gy, at the LD50 for these doses and strain of mouse: 63, 36, and 28 weeks postirradiation (PI) respectively. Lungs were excised, incubated in buffer alone, or partially digested with enzymes for determination of relative glycosidase resistance, fixed with ruthenium red/Triton X-100 for demonstration of basal laminar anionic sites, and processed for electron microscopy. Sham-irradiated and untreated control groups (0 Gy, 0 times) were also processed. Tissue was examined ultrastructurally and alterations in both alveolar and capillary basal laminar anionic sites were quantitated. In each of the doses examined the number of anionic sites surpassed normal levels; however, the glycosidase resistance of the regenerated laminae at these late time points was not significantly altered from controls. This contrasts with the marked increase in the glycosidase resistance of laminae regenerating from radiation damage (4-12 weeks PI) reported earlier. The increased numbers of anionic sites were compared to expected values derived from models based on compensatory synthesis and continued accumulation and indicate close correlation with certain aspects of the compensatory synthesis model but not with others. The effects on basal laminar permeability, basal laminar thickening, and fibrotic induction are discussed.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092150206
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