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  • 1
    ISSN: 1572-9931
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Human intraspecific hybrids were formed between tumor cells isolated from both primary and metastatic tumors and a tissue culture adapted cell line, D98OR, a HeLa derivative which is thioguanine and ouabain resistant. Five different tumor types in all were attempted: renal cell carcinoma, colon adenocarcinoma, melanoma, chrondrosarcoma, and hepatocarcinoma. The tumor tissue was either (1) immediately dissociated and fused, or (2) frozen and later thawed, dissociated, and fused. Two different PEG concentrations were used. The results reported here demonstrate that: (1) hybrid tumor cell lines can be made from several types of cancer, (2) unfrozen tumor tissue fused with D98OR by exposure to 50% PEG appears optimal, (3) chromosome loss, as determined by flow cytometry studies of hybrid DNA content, is minimal, and (4) hybrids have characteristics consistent with derivation from tumor cells rather than derivation from the nonmalignant cells of a tumor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Lung development ; Fibronectin ; Immunocytochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The development of the rat lung is a process of continuing morphological change. Indications from work in other mammalian systems suggest that fibronectin may be important in the control of this process. The present study has examined embryonic, neonatal, and adult lung tissue of the rat by means of the peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) technique to demonstrate fibronectin at the light-microscopic level. Positive reaction was observed with anti-fibronectin serum in all stages examined. Control sections treated with pre-immune serum or no primary serum gave negative results in each case. Fibronectin in adult tissue was localized to the alveolar surface and alveolar basal lamina. Neonatal tissue showed fibronectin on pulmonary tubule walls and in basal lamina while embryonic tissue revealed localization of the protein in the basal lamina and in association with small groups of cells at the base of septal buds. These findings suggest a role for fibronectin in the control of rat lung development. The results are discussed in terms of the known functions of fibronectin as a preliminary matrix for the subsequent deposition of collagenous connective tissue, as a cellular adhesion protein, and as surface-bound material for cellular migration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Adrenal ; Steroidogenesis ; Inihibitor ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In concert with studies of the effects of various pharmacologic inhibitors of corticosteroidogenesis on adrenocortical morphology, U-8113, an analog of amphenone B, was administered daily to Sprague-Dawley rats for 7, 14, 21 or 30 days. The primary morphological responses involved increases in adrenal weight, width of zona fasciculata, width of zona reticularis, intracellular lipids, mitochondrial size, mitochondrial vacuolation and crystalline-like inclusions, small coated vesicles, lysosomes, autophagic vacuoles and cholesterol ester clefts. In particular, the increases in lysosomes, coated vesicles and autophagic vacuoles containing morphologically altered mitochondria were considered reflective of mechanisms designed to maintain cellular integrity amidst functional impairment. Lipid analysis revealed marked increases in cholesterol esters and phospholipids, supportive of morphological observations. When permitted a 14 day recovery period following either 14 or 30 days of inhibitor therapy, most fine structural alterations and lipid derangements were diminished, and the cells approximated normal parameters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 146 (1973), S. 309-317 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Adrenal cortex ; Prostaglandin E1 ; Autoradiography ; Electron microscopy ; Lipid analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary To determine whether or not prostaglandins enter adrenocortical parenchymal cells,3H-PGE1 was injected intravenously into rats. In histological preparations, grains denoting activity were noted in intracellular lipid droplets and nuclei and in sinusoids. At the fine structural level, activity was observed in lipid droplets, mitochondria, the agranular endoplasmic reticulum, nuclei and the plasma membrane. Biochemical lipid analyses of the adrenals revealed activity in the cholesterol and cholesterol ester fractions. Large amounts of unaltered3H-PGE1 and its degradation products were also present. Compared to the liver, the adrenal was more effective in degrading prostaglandin, when expressed on a weight basis. The possible roles of the organelles in PGE1 degradation and in prostaglandin-related hormone synthesis are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Fibronectin ; Lung ; Development ; Ultrastructure ; Immunocytochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In a previous study changes in the macrodistribution of fibronectin during rat-lung development were examined. Using the peroxidase-antiperoxidase immunocytochemical technique, we have demonstrated the presence of fibronectin in embryonic, neonatal, and adult rat lung at the ultrastructural level. In the embryo, fibronectin is found both in an intra-and extracellular association with isolated pneumoblasts, and in a periodic distribution along the basal lamina. The neonate displays fibronectin in an intracellular association with early type-I cells and on their basal and luminal surfaces, but not in association with type-II cells. Neonatal basal lamina is diffusely labeled by anti-fibronectin antiserum. Fibronectin in adult tissue is found both intracellularly and on the basal and luminal surfaces of type-I cells but not in type-II cells. The basal lamina and interstitial connective tissue are slightly or non-reactive. These observations confirm and extend our initial suggestion that fibronectin is involved in rat-lung development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Fine structural localization of enzymes hydrolyzing nucleoside phosphates in the rat adrenal cortex has been determined, and the selective inhibition of those enzymes exhibiting intracellular localization has been effected. Glutaraldehyde-fixed adrenocortical tissue was incubated in a medium which contained a nucleoside mono-, di- or triphosphate of adenosine, inosine, guanosine, or cytidine as substrate. Intracellular enzymatic activity was exhibited when one of three nucleoside phosphate substrates was employed. When IDP was used, final product of enzymatic activity was found on membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi cisternae and intramitochondrial microvesicles. Final product was localized on the membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum and certain mitochondria when ITP was used. With GTP as substrate, activity was primarily localized on mitochondrial microvesicles and agranular endoplasmic reticulum, with no Golgi involvement noted.The phosphatases for which intracellular localization was determined exhibited four different sites of activity: (a) agranular endoplasmic reticulum, (b) microvesicles within mitochondria, (c) nuclear membrane, and (d) subendothelial and/or intercellular spaces with occasional involvement of the plasma membrane. When nicotinamide was added to the incubation media, intracellular phosphatase activity was inhibited. Extracellular enzymatic activity was unaffected by nicotinamide. The possible mode of action of nicotinamide in enhancing steroidogenesis and inhibiting intracellular phosphatase activity is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Snell adrenocortical tumor 494 was implanted into male Sprague-Dawley rats and recovered 7, 14, 21, 28 or 35 days following initial detection by palpation (7-10 days following transplantation). Electron microscopic, stereologic and biochemical analyses of the tumor were compared to adrenals of normal animals to serve as a baseline for further studies of the effects of chemotherapeutic agents on tumor cells. Tumor cells possessed oval or elongated mitochondrial profiles with tubular cristae, one or two very large (〉 5μ) lipid droplets, abundant ribosomes and coated vesicles, and sparse rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum. Stereologic evaluation revealed that tumor lipid volume was 41% and mitochondrial volume 29% that of the normal adrenal controls. Tumor nuclei were 2.5 times larger than adrenocortical nuclei while cellular volumes were similar. On a net weight basis, tumor cholesterol was 55%, cholesterol ester 2.2%, and lipid phosphate 25% of respective mean values for normal adrenal glands. The tumor cholesterol: cholesterol ester ratio progressively decreased with time, but remained 18-fold greater than the normal adrenal. Plasma corticosterone levels in tumor-bearing rats were elevated 3-fold by 14 days after initial detection. The adrenals of the tumor-bearing host exhibited marked involution, the extent of which was directly related to tumor size.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 198 (1980), S. 1-12 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The fine structural changes accompanying the regeneration of adrenocortical transplants in the rat were studied with the electron microscope. One-half gland autotransplants were made to the dorsal musculature of male Wistar rats, weighing approximately 120 gm. Transplants were recovered after 2, 4, 7, 14, 21 and 60 days of regeneration. During the first week of regeneration there was an increase in the granular endoplasmicreticulum at the expense of the agranular form. The internal structure of the numerous mitochondria was transformed from the normal tubular and vesicular forms of the zonae glomerulosa and fasciculata, respectively, to a lamellar type. The quantities of free ribonucleoprotein particles also were reduced. During this period the viable cortical cells are considered to be more deeply involved in protein synthesis and growth rather than hormone biosynthesis. Following 14 days of regeneration and thereafter, the characteristics of the mal intact adrenal cortex became established. Highly osmiophilic “dark cells,” present in the inner zones of the normal intact adrenal cortex, firstappeared after 14 days of regeneration, and were widely scattered throughout the cortexafter three weeks. After two months of regeneration, the “dark cells” were again concentrated in the inner cortical zones. During this latter period, hormone biosynthesis appears to be the major cell function. Possible structural-functional relationships are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 198 (1980), S. 107-112 
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: To determine the morpholic changes in adrenocortices induced by chronic phenobarbital therapy, the male rats were orally administered the drug daily for varying periods up to three months. Fine structural changes attributable to the drug included mitochondrial pleomorphism and cavitation, loss of cholesterol ester clefts, reorganization of intracellular lipid, hypertrophy of the agranular endoplasmic reticulum and a juxtapositioning of the agranular endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria and lipid droplets - all suggestive of an actively secreting cortex. The digitonin-glutaraldehyde reaction suggested an active translocation of free cholesterol from lipid droplets to the mitochondria and agranular endoplasmic reticulum following phenobarbital treatment. Phenobarbital appears to stimulate corticosteroidogenesis due in large part to enhanced hepatic corticoid metabolizing enzymes.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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