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  • 1990-1994  (22)
  • 1980-1984  (9)
  • 1955-1959
  • Life and Medical Sciences  (21)
  • Biochemistry and Biotechnology  (7)
  • supercritical fluid chromatography
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Size and shape of the mandibular condyle in primates (1983)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 177 (1983), S. 59-68 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The relationships between the size of the articular surface of the mandibular condyle and masticatory muscle size, tooth size, diet, and biomechanical variables associated with mastication were studied by taking 12 measurements on skulls of 253 adult female anthropoid primates, including three to ten specimens from each of 32 species.In regressions of condylar length, width, or area against body weight, logarithmic transformations substantially improve the fit of the equations compared with untransformed data. There is a strong relationship betwden condylar measurements and body weight, with all correlations being .94 or higher. The slopes of the allometric regressions of length, width, and area of the condylar head indicate slight positive allometry with body size.Folivorous primates have smaller condyles than frugivorous primates, and colobines have smaller condyles than cebids, cercopithecines, or hominoids. When colobines are eliminated, the differences between frugivores and folivores are not significant. However, the two species with the relatively largest condyles are Pongo pygmaeus and Cercocebus torquatus, suggesting that there may be a relationship between unusually large condylar dimensions and the ability to crak hard nuts between the teeth.Cranial features having strong positive correlations with condylar dimensions include facial prognathism, maxillary incisor size, maxillar postcanine area, mandibular ramus breadth, and temporal fossa area. These data are interpreted as indicating that relatively large condyles are associated with relatively large masticatory muscles, relatively inefficient mandibular biomechanics, and a large dentition. These relationships support the growing evidence that the temporomandibular joint is a stress-bearing joint in normal function.
    Additional Material: 8 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051770106
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A genetic screen to identify variants of bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor with altered folding energetics (1990)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Proteins: Structure, Function, and Genetics 7 (1990), S. 16-31 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-3585
    Keywords: BPTI ; dithiothreitol ; DTT-sensitive mutants ; protein folding ; random mutagenesis ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A genetic screening procedure has been developed to identify mutant forms of bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI) that can fold to an active conformation but are inactivated more rapidly than the wild type protein. Small cultures of Escherichia coli containing plasmids with mutagenized BPTI genes were grown in microtiter plates, lysed, and treated with dithiothreitol (DTT). Under these conditions, unfolding and inactivation of wild-type protein has a half-time of about 10 hours. Variants of BPTI that are inactivated within 1 hour were identified by adding trypsin and a chromogenic substrate. Approximately 11,000 mutagenized clones were screened in this way and 75 clones that produce proteins that can fold but are inactivated by DTT were isolated. The genes coding for 68 “DTT-sensitive” mutant proteins were sequenced, and 25 different single amino acid substitutions at 15 of the 58 residues of the protein were identified. Most of the altered residues are largely buried in the core of the naive wild-type structure and are highly conserved among proteins homologous to BPTI. These results indicate that a large fraction of the sequence of the protein contributes to the kinetic stability of the active conformation, but it also appears that substitutions can be tolerated a most sites without completely preventing folding Because this genetics, further studies of the isolated mutants are expected to provide information about the roles of the altered residues in folding and unfolding.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prot.340070103
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Small effects of amino acid replacements on the reduced and unfolded state of pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (1993)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Proteins: Structure, Function, and Genetics 15 (1993), S. 322-329 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-3585
    Keywords: unfolded proteins ; mutations ; BPTI ; gel electrophoresis ; disulfide-formation kinetics ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The effects of amino acid replacements on the hydrodynamic volume of reduced and unfolded bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI) have been examined by gel electrophoresis. The electrophoretic mobilities of the reduced forms of 46 BPTI variants were compared at room temperature in the absence of denaturants. The single substitutions examined include many different types of replacements at sites throughout the polypeptide, and, collectively, alter 22 of the 58 residues of the wild-type protein. The only substitutions found to alter the electrophoretic mobility of the reduced protein by more than ∼3% are those that change the net charge of the protein. For nine mutants, the rates of disulfide formation in the reduced protein were also examined and found to be very similar to that of the wild-type protein. These results suggest that any structure that may be present in the reduced protein is either relatively insensitive to amino acid replacements or does not greatly influence the averaged properties of the polypeptide chain. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prot.340150309
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On-line fluorescence-monitoring of the methanogenic fermentationFlorida Agricultural Experimental Station, Journal Series No. R-01410. (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 39 (1992), S. 1151-1160 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: fluorescence ; monitoring ; methane ; fermentation ; NAD(P)H ; F420 ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: On-line in situ fluorescence measurements of the methanogenic fermentation were conducted with reactors receiving either glucose or a mixture of volatile fatty acids as the substrate. The reactors were perturbed from steady-state conditions in order to assess the response of fluorescencemonitoring probes. Two fluorescence-monitoring probes were evaluated over a period of 8 months; they performed in a consistent manner, and their response was not significantly affected by the changes in pH and redox potential encountered during routine reactor operation. A commercially available probe, designed to measure NAD(P)H, demonstrated particular promise for detecting imbalance caused by the entry of air, inhibitor addition and was capable of distinguishing between different substrates. This fluorescence-monitoring probe detected imbalance more rapidly than other on-line measurements such as pH, Eh, or gas production, or off-line measurements such as volatile fatty acid concentration or gas composition. An experimental fluorescence-monitoring probe, designed to measure coenzyme F420, also showed some promise in this regard. The response of the fluorescence-monitoring probes also revealed details of the metabolic routes in the reactors and the probes represent a useful research tool. For example, a failure to observe the characteristic response of the NAD(P)H-monitoring probe to formate addition during the metabolism of acetate, propionate, or glucose strongly suggests that any formate liberated during their catabolism is degraded via a different route to exogenously added formate.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260391112
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A multiplanar anatomic study of the cervical proximal nerve roots and spinal nerves (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Clinical Anatomy 5 (1992), S. 433-440 
    Details
    ISSN: 0897-3806
    Keywords: anatomy ; spine ; sheath ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Miscellaneous Medical
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: An anatomic study focused on the proximal cervical spinal nerves has not been reported. Therefore, we dissected the cervical spinal nerves of three cadavers and examined stained sections in parasagittal and axial planes through the proximal cervical spinal nerves and root sheaths. These studies documented distinct segments of the spinal nerve which had not been completely described in the previous anatomic studies. The sheath originates from the dural sac as a common sleeve, divides into two sleeves, one containing the ventral root and one the dorsal root, and then distal to the dorsal root ganglion fuses again into one sleeve. A space, the interradicular cleft, separates the dorsal and ventral portions of the sleeve. The proximal segment of the spinal nerve proper distal to the dorsal root ganglion is composed of multiple small fascicles surrounded by a dense epineurium. The presence of an interradicular cleft in the cervical nerve root sheath and of fascicles in the cervical spinal nerve has significance for imaging of the cervical spinal nerves and for the pathogenesis of symptoms in cases of partial compression. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ca.980050603
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dihydropyridine calcium antagonist modulates cholesterol metabolism and eicosanoid biosynthesis in vascular cells (1992)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 48 (1992), S. 393-400 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: calcium channel blocker ; atherosclerosis ; LDL ; LDL-receptor ; vascular smooth muscle ; PGI2 ; cyclic AMP ; cyclooxygenase ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Recent clinical studies have shown that calcium channel blockers can retard and possibly reduce the angiographic progression of coronary artery disease. Calcium channel blockers also inhibit dietary-induced atherosclerosis in animal models of this disease. In this study, we delineate potential cellular and molecular mechanisms by which nicardipine, a dihydropyridine calcium antagonist, may alter lipoprotein and cholesterol trafficking, affect the regulatory signal transduction pathways involved in accelerating cholesteryl ester (CE) catabolism in vascular smooth muscle cells, and modulate cell-cell interactions of vascular and inflammatory cells. We demonstrate in arterial smooth muscle cells that nicardipine increases (1) LDL binding, uptake, and degradation, (2) RNA transcript levels for the LDL receptor, (3) CE catabolic activity, (4) PGI2 release, and (5) RNA transcript levels for cyclooxygenase. Furthermore, nicardipine blocked cytokine-induced monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells. Taken together, these findings support the hypothesis that nicardipine may function as an anti-atherosclerotic agent by promoting CE catabolism and cholesterol clearance and by reducing monocyte adhesion to the activated endothelium.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240480408
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phenobarbital-induced alterations of the rat adrenal cortex (1980)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 198 (1980), S. 107-112 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: To determine the morpholic changes in adrenocortices induced by chronic phenobarbital therapy, the male rats were orally administered the drug daily for varying periods up to three months. Fine structural changes attributable to the drug included mitochondrial pleomorphism and cavitation, loss of cholesterol ester clefts, reorganization of intracellular lipid, hypertrophy of the agranular endoplasmic reticulum and a juxtapositioning of the agranular endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria and lipid droplets - all suggestive of an actively secreting cortex. The digitonin-glutaraldehyde reaction suggested an active translocation of free cholesterol from lipid droplets to the mitochondria and agranular endoplasmic reticulum following phenobarbital treatment. Phenobarbital appears to stimulate corticosteroidogenesis due in large part to enhanced hepatic corticoid metabolizing enzymes.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091980108
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Karl Ernest Mason, 1900-1978 (1980)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 198 (1980), S. 1-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091980102
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The p53 protein detected by immunohistochemical staining is not always mutant (1993)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 53 (1993), S. 248-248 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: In human mammary carcinoma, positive immunohistochemical staining for p53 protein is not always indicative of mutation in the p53 gene. Although positive staining is seen in excess of 50% of tumours, mutations have been found in only some 20% of cases. In this presentation, positive p53 staining in mammary carcinomas will be related to the presence and absence of mutation and other possible underlying mechanisms.In some positively stained tumours a mutation has been found. In others, no mutation has been demonstrated and apart from possible stabilisation by a protein such as MDM2, there are alternative underlying mechanisms for this discrepancy. Wild type p53 is elevated in response to DNA damage. This effect can be seen in patients given pre-operative chemotherapy and in cell lines irradiated with UV light and with x-rays. Strong positive staining in scattered nuclei has been found in cell lines with activated ras and myc genes. We postulate that this may also be the reason for similar patterns observed in human tumours.Comparable mechanisms may be active in inherited cancers. Although positive p53 staining in some Li-Fraumeni syndrome patients is associated with mutation, in other Li-Fraumeni-like families, no mutation has been found despite positive staining in tumour and normal tissues.Whatever the mechanism underlying the stabilisation of the protein, increased expression of p53 protein in the majority of tumour cells appears to be associated with poor prognosis in breast carcinoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240531147
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fine structural and biochemical effects of aminoglutethimide and o,p′-DDD on rat adrenocortical carcinoma 494 and adrenals (1980)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 198 (1980), S. 113-124 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Rats bearing adrenocortical carcinoma 494 were injected daily for 7, 14, or 21 days with aminoglutethimide (AG) or o,p′-DDD. Reversibility of these steroidogenic inhibitors was determined by injecting other animals for either 14 or 21 days and sacrificing them 14 days later. While the drugs had little effect on body or tumor growth, plasma corticosterone levels were reduced a maximum of 88% in normal and 95% in tumor-bearing rats during AG chemotherapy. These levels were unaltered in normal rats by o,p′-DDD and reduced a maximum of 64% in tumor-bearing animals. Relative adrenal weights generally increased during chemotherapy and then returned to control levels. These changes were mainly due to alterations in the lipid and mitochondrial volume fractions. Lipid increased with both drugs while mitochondria increased with o,p′-DDD and decreased with AG. Cholesterol ester levels paralleled the lipid stereology more closely with AG than o,p′-DDD. With both drugs the most notable changes in tumor fine structure was a decrease in mitochondrial internal membranous vesicles and matrical density. Adrenal mitochondria had the irregular, elongated forms characteristic of tumor-bearing animals and were vacuolated (AG) or had internal rings (o,p′-DDD). The large lipid droplets observed during chemotherapy with both drugs were replaced by numerous small droplets in recovery periods.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091980109
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