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  • 1990-1994  (1)
  • 1980-1984  (4)
  • 1955-1959
  • Electroconvulsive shock  (3)
  • Germination (seed)  (2)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of repeated electroconvulsive shock on corticosterone responses to centrally acting pharmacological stimuli in the male rat (1980)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 71 (1980), S. 205-212 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Electroconvulsive shock ; Corticosterone ; Muscarinic agonists ; Serotoninergic agonists ; α-Adrenoceptor agonists ; Rats
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effect of repeated and single electroconvulsive shocks (ECS) on the corticosterone response to pharmacological stimuli has been studied in male rats. Plasma corticosterone concentrations are elevated by oxotremorine, a muscarinic agonist, and by 5-hydroxy-l-tryptophan, a precursor of serotonin. Both these agonists probably stimulate corticotrophinreleasing-factor release from the hypothalamus. The log dose-response curves of the corticosterone response to oxotremorine and to 5-hydroxy-l-tryptophan are shifted to the left after a single ECS given daily for 10 days compared with sham-shocked controls. Plasma corticosterone concentrations are elevated by treatment with α-methyl-p-tyrosine methyl ester (400 mg/kg IP). This rise is suppressed by clonidine. The log dose-response curve for the corticosterone response to clonidine after α-methyl-p-tyrosine methyl ester is also shifted to the left by repeated ECS, compared with controls. There is no difference in the corticosterone response of ECS and sham-treated groups given vasopressin, which is thought to act directly on the pituitary to release ACTH. A single ECS produces a slight enhancement of the response to 5-hydroxy-l-tryptophan, a slight decrease in the response to oxotremorine and no change in the response to clonidine after α-methyl-p-tyrosine. The disappearance of the difference in response between ECS and sham-treated animals was also studied 1,3, and 6 days after a series of ten ECS or sham procedures. Significant differences in the corticosterone responses to oxotremorine, 5-hydroxy-l-tryptophan and clonidine after α-methyl-p-tyrosine between ECS and sham-treated animas were found 24 h after the last ECS or sham shock. These differences were in decline 3 days after the last procedure and had completely disappeared by day 6. The decline was largely due to an increase in plasma corticosterone responsiveness to pharmacological stimuli of the shamshocked controls. Responses in the ECS-treated groups remained constant. It is apparent that the anaesthetic procedure suppresses the effect of oxotremorine, 5-hydroxy-l-tryptophan and clonidine after α-methyl-p-tyrosine on corticosterone concentrations in plasma. This effect is spontaneously reversible. Repeated ECS reverses the effect of the anaesthetic procedure but produces no reversible enhancement of its own.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00433053
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of repeated electroconvulsive shocks on growth hormone secretion and growth hormone responses to clonidine in the intact rat (1982)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 76 (1982), S. 98-100 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Electroconvulsive shock ; Growth hormone ; Clonidine ; Rats
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effect of repeated electroconvulsive shocks (ECS) on growth hormone (GH) secretion was studied in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley animals were given one ECS daily for 10 days under halothane anaesthesia. Control animals were anaesthetised only. GH secretion was studied 24 h after the last ECS or sham procedure. Background GH secretion was significantly greater in ECS-treated than in sham-treated animals (P〈0.001). The GH response to IV clonidine (0.01–0.1 mg/kg) did not differ between the two groups. The size of the GH response was not directly related to the basal GH secretion and could not be explained in terms of it.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00430767
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characteristics of the protein carrier of the peptide-transport system in the scutellum of germinating barley embryos (1984)
    Springer
    Planta 162 (1984), S. 166-173 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: N-Ethylmalemide ; Germination (seed) ; Hordeum (embryo, peptide) ; Peptide transport ; Thiol group ; Transport carrier protein
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Through the use of the protein reagents N-ethylmaleimide, p-chloromercuribenzenesulphonic acid and phenylarsine oxide, it is shown that in the scutellum of the germinating barley embryo, the transport of peptides, but not the transport of amino acids or glucose is specifically thiol-dependent. Furthermore, these essential thiol groups are shown to exist as redox-sensitive, vicinal-dithiols that lie at the substrate-binding sites of the peptide-transport proteins. The binding of N-ethylmaleimide to these dithiols is shown to be very fast, matching the kinetics of inhibition of peptide transport by this reagent. A technique for the specific labelling of the dithiols with N-ethyl[2,3-14C]maleimide is described, which allows the carrier proteins to be visualized at the scutellar epithelium using radioautography and permits calculation of the approximate amount of peptide-transport protein present per scutellum. In related studies, the importance of arginyl and histidyl residues to both amino-acid and peptide transport is shown, although other residues, e.g. carboxyl ligands do not seem to be critically involved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00410214
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characteristics of the active transport of peptides and amino acids by germinating barley embryos (1984)
    Springer
    Planta 162 (1984), S. 159-165 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Amino acid transport ; Germination (seed) ; Hordeum (peptide) ; Peptide transport ; Scutellum ; Storage protein mobilization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Use of two different assays involving either radioactively labelled substrates or a fluorescent-labelling procedure, gave good agreement for the rates of transport of peptides and amino acids into the scutellum of germinating grains of barley (Hordeum vulgare cv. Maris Otter, Winter). However, evidence was obtained for the enzymic decarboxylation of transpored substrate, which can cause underestimates of transport rates when using radioactively labelled substrates. The peptide Gly-Phe, was shown to be rapidly hydrolysed after uptake, and autoradiography of transported Gly-[U-14C]Phe indicated a rapid distribution of tracer, i.e. [U-14C] phenylalanine into the epithelium and sub-epithelial layers of the scutellum. The developmental patterns of transport activity indicate that peptide transport is more important nutritionally during the early stages of germination (1–3 d) whereas amino acids become relatively more important later (4–6 d). A range of amino acids is shown to be actively transported and several compete for uptake. At physiological concentrations, e.g. 2mM, transport of peptides and amino acids is inhibited about 80% by protonophore uncouplers, but at higher concentrations (10–100 mM) passive uptake predominates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00410213
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Repeated ECS enhances dopamine D-1 but not D-2 agonist-induced behavioural responses in rats (1990)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 101 (1990), S. 110-114 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Electroconvulsive shock ; Dopamine receptor subtypes ; SKF 38393 ; RU 24213 ; Apomorphine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The present study examined the effect of acute and repeated administration of electroconvulsive shock (ECS) on behaviours induced by various dopamine agonists in rats. Components of behavioural arousal induced by the dopamine D-1 agonist SKF 38393, the dopamine D-2 agonist RU 24213 and the mixed D-1/D-2 agonist apomorphine were assessed using a behavioural check-list method. Also, the overall behavioural syndrome produced by these drugs was measured using rating scales. Rats receiving repeated (5 times over 10 days) but not a single ECS showed enhanced grooming and sniffing in response to SKF 38393 (7.5 mg/kg) when compared to controls. Repetitive sniffing induced by apomorphine (0.5 mg/kg) was also enhanced by repeated ECS. Neither repeated nor a single ECS significantly changed behaviours induced by RU 24213 (0.75 mg/kg), although a downward trend was evident. The behaviour rating scale measurements also demonstrated that repeated administration to ECS increased behavioural responsiveness to SKF 38393 and apomorphine but not RU 24213. These results suggest that the increase of dopamine-mediated behaviour in rats seen after chronic ECS relates to an increase in central dopamine D-1 receptor function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02245799
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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