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  • 1990-1994  (2)
  • 1980-1984
  • N-methyl-D-aspartate  (1)
  • Reproductive parameters  (1)
Material
Years
  • 1990-1994  (2)
  • 1980-1984
Year
  • 1
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: Methamphetamine ; neurotoxicity ; N-methyl-D-aspartate ; dopamine ; serotonin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Protective effects of NMDA antagonists on dopaminergic and serotonergic neurotoxicity produced by methamphetamine (MA) were examined. Four injections of MA (7.5 mg/kg, s.c., at 2 h intervals) caused significant decrements (40–60% of control values) in levels of dopamine (DA) and its metabolites in the rat striatum and levels of serotonin (5-HT) and its metabolite in the medial prefrontal cortex, nucleus accumbens, striatum, anterior hypothalamus, amygdala and hippocampus. These decreases in DA, 5-HT and their metabolites were prevented by pretreatment with MK-801, a noncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist, or D-CPP-ene (SDZ EAA 494), a competitive NMDA antagonist. The results suggest that NMDA receptors play a role for MA-induced serotonergic damage in various brain regions as well as dopaminergic damage in the striatum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0032-8332
    Keywords: Demography ; Reproductive parameters ; Free-ranging group ; Japanese macaques
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Demographic and reproductive data were analyzed for a period of 28 years in the females of a free-ranging group of Japanese macaques at Katsuyama, Okayama Prefecture, Japan. The overall mean, age-specific fecundity rates were 5.43% for 4-year-olds and 41.86% for 5-year-olds, increasing to a peak of 66.67% for 13-year-olds. Fecundity remained relatively high (52.31–54.24%) in 16–19-year-olds, but decreased sharply (45.45–17.86%) in 20–23-year-olds, and became very low in 24–26-year-olds. Females aged 27 years or more did not produce infants. The average age at first birth was 5.41 years. Births peaked in mid-May. The timing of the first births each year remained essentially unchanged during the study period, whereas the timing of the median and last births shifted towards the later part of the season. The mean interbirth interval for all females was 1.56 years. The value was 1.54 years for multiparous females and 1.29 years for females following infant loss. These intervals were significantly shorter than those for primiparous females, and females with surviving infants. The overall mean infant mortality within the first year of life was 10.2%. The value was 8.6% for 10–14-year-olds, and 7.5% for 15–19-year-olds. The timing of birth differed among the four female matrilineal dominance rank-classes. The female fecundity rates increased as a function of matrilineal dominance rank. It is suggested that all demographic and reproductive data should be analyzed in detail with respect to the group's history.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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