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Lack of association of the insulin gene region with Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus in Japanese subjects (1994)

Matsumoto, C. ; Awata, T. ; Iwamoto, Y. ; [et al.]

Springer

Diabetologia 37 (1994), S. 210-213

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ISSN: 1432-0428

Keywords: Key words Insulin gene, polymorphism, Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus, Japanese, susceptibility.

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Medicine

Notes: Summary Although the insulin gene region is implicated in susceptibility to Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus in Caucasians, significance of this region to Type 1 diabetes in Japanese remains unclear because the class 1 alleles (shorter insertion) of the variable number of tandem repeat in the 5′ region of the insulin gene are predominant in both diabetic and non-diabetic subjects. The 5′ insulin gene polymorphism was analysed in 75 Japanese patients and 69 control subjects with a precise method using PvuII and a polymorphism specific probe, which enabled us to divide class 1 alleles into four subclasses. Allelic frequencies were not significantly different between Type 1 diabetic patients and control subjects. The polymorphism in the 3′ untranslated region of the insulin gene (1127/ PstI) was also analysed and found to be tightly linked to the 5′ insulin gene polymorphism, and thus was not associated with diabetes. Interaction between HLA-DR and the insulin gene region, which was reported in the French study, was not observed in Japanese. These results suggest that the insulin gene region is not a valuable genetic risk factor for Type 1 diabetes in Japanese. [Diabetologia (1994) 37: 210–213]

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250050095

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GSMAC finite element method for unsteady incompressible Navier-Stokes equations at high reynolds numbers (1990)

Tanahashi, T. ; Okanaga, H. ; Saito, T.

Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell

International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 11 (1990), S. 479-499

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ISSN: 0271-2091

Keywords: GSMAC finite element method ; Incompressible Navier-Stokes solver ; High Reynolds number ; Driven cavity flow ; Vortex shedding behind a circular cylinder ; Engineering ; Engineering General

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics

Notes: A new finite element technique is developed for predicting the velocity and the pressure in transient incompressible viscous fluid flows at high Reynolds numbers. The new method is based on the generalized and simplified marker-and-cell method (GSMAC) and has two characteristics: one is an application of the Bernoulli function and the implicit pressure solution algorithm to the explicit fractional time step method; the other is a high-order flux calculation to prevent the pressure field from oscillating. Two examples, driven cavity flows at high Reynolds numbers and vortex shedding behind a circular cylinder, are presented. Satisfactory agreement with experiment is demonstrated.

Additional Material: 20 Ill.