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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 175 (1961), S. 99-110 
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Das Spannungsrelaxationsverhalten von vier Polyäthylenen verschiedenen Kristallisationsgrades wurde hei konstanter Temperatur (40,7 °C) in Abhängigkeit von der Deformation gemessen. Es zeigt sich, daß die Kurvenscharen der Spannungσ bis zu Deformationenɛ von 10 ... 20%, bei denen bereits Kaltverstreckung einsetzt, durch eine Beziehung der Form σ(t, ε, c) =Ea (t, c) ·f [ε ·g (c)] wiedergegeben werden können (t: Zeit, c: Kristallisationsgrad); d. h., daß die relative Zeitabhängigkeit der Spannung von der gewählten Deformation in diesem Bereich unabhängig ist. Unter der speziellen Annahme, daß das elastische Stoffverhalten im vorliegenden Meßbereich praktisch ausschließlich durch das der amorphen Phase gegeben ist, wird in Anlehnung an dieMooney- Rivlinsche Theorie für endliche Verformungen die Funktionf=(1−1[1+ɛ·g(c)]2)/2 hergeleitet, mit der das gemessene Deformationsverhalten gut beschrieben werden kann. Die Funktiong(c) und der ElastizitätsmodulE a (t, c) der amorphen Phase lassen sich auf Grund der Buecheschen Modellvorstellung partiell-kristalliner Stoffe mit molekularen Kenngrößen verknüpfen; die so ermittelten Werte der Kristallitabmessungen stimmen befriedigend mit röntgenographischen Meßwerten überein.
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 273 (1994), S. 171-178 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Trichoptera ; scrapers ; selectivity ; food quality ; periphyton ; detritus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Feeding selectivity by five epilithic, case-building trichopteran species from a first-order stream was examined using laboratory experiments. Larvae had the choice of three food types: periphyton and detritus from the stream, and nettle broth as an ‘artificial’ food source. Food type influenced the microdistribution of these species. Larvae were able to distinguish between different food types and showed species-specific responses to the various types of food. Drusus annulatus, Micrasema longulum and Apatania fimbriata favoured periphyton, while Agapetus fuscipes and Silo pallipes showed no preference for periphyton over detritus. Four of the five species examined (Apatania fimbriata was the exception) tended to avoid nettle broth. The complexity of foraging behaviour was illustrated by M. longulum. Given a choice between detritus, periphyton and periphyton with the addition of moss, they clearly preferred the latter food type, scraping mostly on the epiphytic algae. Proportions of a given species selecting periphyton were correlated with percentage areas of algae in the gut contents of that species in the field. D. annulatus, M. longulum and A. fimbriata showed the greatest preference for periphyton, and consumed the highest proportions of algae in the field. A. fuscipes and S. pallipes often selected detritus, and these species had the lowest proportions of algae, and the highest proportions of detritus, in their guts.
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Hyperfine interactions 80 (1993), S. 1161-1165 
    ISSN: 1572-9540
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The TDPAC method was used to study the electric field gradients at the metal sites of human and bovine lactoferrin. Two specific binding configurations were observed. The distribution between these configurations depends on the phosphate content, the pH, and the temperature of the samples. The electric field gradients are compared with the results of previous studies for human and rat serum transferrin, and hen ovotransferrin.
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 58 (1962), S. 621-631 
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A report is given of some investigations of the mechanical behavior of high polymers under deformations of different time function, type, and magnitude. For a plasticized polyvinyl chloride the time-dependent Young's modulus and the time-dependent extension compliance were measured in the main relaxation region of the material. The relation between these two characteristic quantities given by the theory of viscoelasticity could be confirmed by using a simple approximation formula. The stress relation behavior of polystyrene under longitudinal and torsional strain was measured. From the corresponding time-dependent moduli the Poisson ratio was calculated by use of the classical relationship and another one given by Schwarzl. Both calculations agree and give the expected monotonic increase of the Poisson ratio from 0.33 to 0.5 for the transition from the brittle to the rubbery state of the material. The relaxation behavior at larger extensions was investigated on polyethylenes of different crystallinities and on vulcanized rubbers having different filler contents. In the case of the filled rubbers measurements were carried out at strains up to 700%. For both series of materials the effects of strain and time were found to be factorable. In the case of the polyethylenes an appropriate strain function was developed on the basis of the Mooney-Rivlin theory. For the filled rubbers the stress-strain equations given in literature are insufficient if the whole range of deformations is considered. An appropriate empirical function is given.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 612 (1992), S. 72-82 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Lithoxy-methylidenephosphine · DME; lithium formyl-phosphide · DME ; E/Z-configuration; lithoxy-methylidynephosphine · 2 DME; P-C double and triple bond ; x-ray structure analysis ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Acyl- and Alkylidenephosphines. XXXIII Lithoxy-methylidenephosphine · DME and -methylidynephosphine · 2DME  -  Syntheses and StructuresLithium dihydrogenphosphide · DME(1) and ethyl formate in a molar ratio of 2 : 1 react in 1,2-dimethoxyethane to give liquid lithium formylphosphide · DME in 87% yield. Since lithium complexed by the chelate ligand DME is bound to the oxygen atom of the carbonyl group, the compound has to be considered as lithoxy-methylidenephosphine · DME (1). According to x-ray structure analyses of crystalline derivatives [5, 6], molecules of this type dimerize forming a four membered Li—O—Li—O ring. Characteristic nmr-data show the presence of an E- and Z-isomer (δ1H—P: 3.87 and 4.49; 1JHP: 150.8 and 136.5; δ1H—C: 11.4 and 10.05; 2JHP: 6.1 and 81.2; 3JHH: 6.6 and 13.9; δ31P: 38.6 and 8.8; δ13C=P: 225.0 and 215.4 ppm; 1JC=P: 41.2 and 65.0 cps); in 1,2-dimethoxyethane an E : Z ratio of 1.86 : 1 is found.In a similar reaction of lithium bis (trimethylsilyl)phosphide · 1.6 THF(1) with excess dimethyl carbonate lithoxy-methylidynephosphine · 2DME (2) is formed via an up to now poorly understood mechanism. The compound can also be prepared from lithium dihydrogenphosphide · DME; it crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/n {a = 880.6(2); b = 1296.6(2); c = 1267.4(2) pm; β = 96.07(2)° at -100 ± 3°C; Z = 4}. An x-ray structure analysis (Rw = 0.052) gives a P—C distance of 155.5 pm which is typical for a triple bond. The C—O bond length of 119.8 pm, however, is extremely short compared to the standard value of a single bond (139 pm). Angles of 178.5° and 170.7° at the carbon and oxygen correspond with the expected linear configuration of the P≡C—O—Li backbone of the molecule, Characteristic nmr-data are as follow: δ31P-384.2; δ13C 166.6ppm; 1Jc≡p 41.5 cps.
    Notes: Das aus Lithium-dihydrogenphosphid. DME(1) und Ethylformiat im Molverhältnis 2 : 1 mit 87 proz. Ausbeute isolierte, flüssige Lithium-formylphosphid. DME liegt als Lithoxy-methylidenphosphan. DME (1) mit einem an den Sauerstoff der Carbonylgruppe gebundenen, DME-komplexierten Lithium vor. Nach Röntgenstrukturanalysen an kristallinen Derivaten [5, 6] dimerisieren Verbindungen dieses Typs unter Ausbildung eines viergliedrigen Li—O—Li—O-Ringes; die Auswertung der NMR-Spektren ergibt für die an der P=C-Gruppe E- und Z-konfigurierten Isomeren (δ1H —P: 3,87 u. 4,49; 1JHP: 150,8 u. 136,5; δ1H —C: 11,4 u. 10,05; 2JHP: 6,1 u. 81,2; 3JHH: 6,6 u. 13,9; δ31P: 38,6 u. 8,8; δ13C = P: 225,0 u. 215,4 ppm; 1JC=P: 41,2 u. 65,0 Hz) des in 1,2-Dimethoxyethan gelösten Acylphosphids 1 ein Molverhältnis von 1,86 : 1.Lithium-bis(trimethylsilyl)phosphid. 1,6 THF(1) setzt sich in 1,2-Dimethoxyethan mit Dimethylcarbonat im Überschuß nach einem bisher nicht völlig geklärten Mechanismus zu Lithoxy-methylidinphosphan. 2DME (2) um. Die auch aus Lithium-dihydrogenphosphid. DME zugängliche Verbindung 2 kristallisiert monoklin in der Raumgruppe P21/n {a = 880,6(2); b = 1296,6(2); c = 1267,4(2)pm; β = 96,07(2)° bei - 100 ± 3°C; Z = 4}. Nach der Röntgenstrukturanalyse (Rw = 0,052) weist der zu 155,5 pm bestimmte P—C-Abstand einen für die Dreifachbindung typischen Wert auf, während der C—O-Abstand mit 119,8 pm gegenüber dem für eine Einfachbindung gültigen Standard von 139 pm stark verkürzt ist. Mit Winkeln von 178,5° und 170,7° am Kohlenstoff-und Sauerstoffatom ist das P≡ C—O—Li-Fragment erwartungsgemäß linear. Charakteristische NMR-Daten sind: δ31P -384,2; δ13C 166,6 ppm; 1JC≡P 41,5 Hz.
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  • 16
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Metal Derivatives of Molecular Compounds. V. Synthesis and Structure of Hexakis{lithium-[tris(trimethylsilyl)silyl]tellanide} - Cyclopentane (1/1).Lithium [tris(trimethylsilyl)silyl]tellanide - DME (1/1) [1 b] prepared from lithium tris(trimethylsilyl)silanide - DME (2/3) [3] and tellurium, reacts with hydrogen chloride in toluene to form [tris(trimethylsilyl)silyl]tellane (1) [1 b]. Subsequent metalation of this compound with lithium n-butanide gives lithium [tris(trimethylsilyl)silyl]tellanide (2) free of coordinating solvent. Pale yellow crystals are obtained from cyclopentane solution. An X-ray structure determination {P1; a = 1 558.5(7); b = 1 598.4(8); c = 1 643.5(6) pm; α = 117.64(4); β = 91.63(3); γ = 117.19(3)°; Z = 1; R = 0.032} shows them to be the (1/1) packing complex (2′) of hexakis{lithium-[tris(trimethylsilyl)silyl]tellanide} and disordered cyclopentane molecules  - {Li—Te—Si[Si(CH3)3]3}6 · C5H10.
    Notes: Das aus Lithium-tris(trimethylsilyl)silanid - DME (2/3)1,2-Dimethoxyethan (DME); 1,4,7-Trimethyl-1,4,7-triaza-cyclo-nonan (TACN); Bis[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-methylamin (PMDTA); Tetrahydrofuran (THF); 1,4,7,10-Tetraoxa-cyclo-dodecan ([12]Krone-4); 2,4,6-Trimethylphenyl (Mes); 1,2-Bis(dimethylamino)ethan (TMEDA); Tetramethylsilan (TMS); Octamethyl-cyclo-tetrasiloxan (OMCT); Lösungsmittel (L.M.). [3] und Tellur leicht zugängliche, farblose dimere Lithium-[tris(trimethylsilyl)silyl]tellanid - DME (1/1) [1 b] reagiert mit Chlorwasserstoff in Toluol zu [Tris(trimethylsilyl)silyl]tellan (1); hieraus erhält man mit Lithium-n-butanid donorsolvens-freies Lithium-[tris(trimethylsilyl)silyl]tellanid (2). Wie eine Röntgenstrukturanalyse an den blaßgelben, aus Cyclopentan-Lösung isolierten Kristallen {P1; a = 1 558,5(7); b = 1 598,4(8); c = 1 643,5(6) pm; α = 117,64(4); β = 91,63(3); γ = 117,19(3)°; Z = 1; R = 0,032} zeigt, liegt Verbindung 2 im Festkörper hexamer vor; mit den in Hohlräumen der Struktur eingeschlossenen, fehlgeordneten Cyclopentan-Molekülen entsteht ein 1/1-Packungskomplex [11] der Zusammensetzung {Li—Te—Si[Si(CH3)3]3}6 · C5H10 (2′).Das Hexamer weist zwei aus Lithium- und tris(trimethylsilyl)silyl-substituierten Telluratomen in alternierender Abfolge aufgebaute, schwach gewellte sechsgliedrige Ringe mit Sesselkonformation auf, die über ein Inversionszentrum zu einem verzerrt hexagonalen Prisma verknüpft sind. Die endocyclischen Winkel in den sechs- und viergliedrigen Ringen dieses Polyeders variieren zwischen 102 und 126° bzw. 73 und 83° am vierfach koordinierten Tellur sowie zwischen 112 und 137° bzw. 96 und 106° am dreifach koordinierten Lithium. Einen signifikanten Unterschied beobachtet man auch zwischen den zu 273 bzw. 280 pm gemittelten basalen und axialen Li—Te-Abständen.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 608 (1992), S. 33-42 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Diacylphosphines ; Di-cyclohexoylposphine ; Diadamant-1-oylphosphine ; keto-enol tautomerism ; NMR-parameters, thermodynamic data ; X-ray structure determination ; very short O‥H‥O bridge ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Acyl- and Alkylidenephosphines. XXXII. Di-cyclohexoyl- and Diadamant-1-oylphosphine - Keto-Enol Tautomerism and StructureLithium dihydrogenphosphide · DME (1) [12] and cyclo-hexoyl or adamant-1-oyl chloride react in a molar ratio of 3:2 to give lithium di-cyclo-hexoylphosphide · DME and the corresponding diadamant-1-oylphosphide.2THF (1) resp. Treatment of these two compounds with 85% tetrafluoroboric acid. diethylether adduct yields di-cyclo-hexoyl- (1b) and diadamant-1-oylphosphine (1c). In nmr spectroscopic studies 1b over a range of 203 to 343 K, a strong temperature dependence of the keto-enol equilibrium is found; thermodynamic data characteristic for the formation of the enol tautomer (ΔH0 = -4.3 kJ. mol-1; ΔS0 = -9.2 J. mol-1. K (-1) are compared of 1,3-diketones.The enol tautomer of diadamant-1-oylphosphine (E-1c) as obtained from a benzene solution in thin colourless plates, crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c {a = 722.2(2); b = 1085.5(4); c = 2434.8(5) pm; ß = 96.43(2)° at -100 ± 3°C; Z = 4}. An X- ray structure analysis (Rw = 0.033) shows bond lengths and angles to be almost identical within the enolic system (P—C 179/180; C—O 130/129; C—C(adamant-1-yl) 152/153 pm; C—P—C 99°; P—C—O 124°/124°; P—C—C 120°/120°; C—C—O 116°/116°. The geometry of the very strong, but probably asymmetric O‥H‥O bridge is discussed (O—H 120/130, O‥O 245 pm).
    Notes: Aus Lithium-dihydrogenphosphid · DME (1) [12] und cyclo-Hexoyl- bzw. Adamant-1-oyl-chlorid im Molverhältnis 3:2 zugängliches Lithium-di-cyclo-hexoylphosphid · DME und -diadamant-1-oylphosphid · 2THF 1) reagieren mit 85proz. Tetrafluoroborsäure · Diethylether-Addukt zu Di-cyclo-hexoyl- 1b) und Diadamant-1-oylphosphan (1 c). Die Lage des Keto-Enol-Gleichgewichts zwischen 203 und 343 K sowie thermodynamische Daten zur Bildung des Enol-Isomers ΔH0= -4,3kJ.Mol-1; ΔS0;=-9,2 J · mol-1 · K-1 () wurden NMR-spektroskopisch an einer 2 M Lösung des bei +20°C flüssigen Di-cyclo-Hexoyl-Derivates 1b in d8-Toluol ermittelt und mit Werten von 1,3-Diketonen verglichen.Das farblose, sich aus Benzol in dünnen Plättchen abscheidende Enol-Tautomer des Diadamant-1-oylphosphans (E-1 c) kristallisiert monoklin in der Raumgruppe P21/c {a = 722,2(2) b = 1085,5(4); c = 2434,8(5) pm; ß = 96,43(2)° bei - 100 ± 3°C; Z = 4}. Nach den Ergebnissen der Röntgenstrukturanalyse (Rw=0,033) weist das Molekül in beiden des Hälften des Enolrings nahezu identische Bindungslängen und -winkel auf P—C 179/180; C—O 130/129; C—C(Adamant-1-yl) 152/153 pm; C—P—C 99°; P—C—O 124°/124°; P—C—C 120°/120°; C—C—O 116°/116°. Die Geometrie der sehr starken, aber vermutlich asymmetrischen O‥H‥O-Brücke wird diskutiert (O—H 120/130; O‥O 245 pm).
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 617 (1992), S. 59-71 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Dichloro(phenyl)stibane ; dibromo(phenyl)stibane ; diiodo(phenyl)stibane ; crystal structure ; intermolecular interactions ; structural relations ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Element - Element Bonds. VII. Intermolecular Interactions in Dihalogen(phenyl)stibanesIn keeping with the literature dichloro(phenyl)stibane (1) may be obtained in a quantitative yield via a metathesis reaction between antimony(III) chloride and triphenylstibane; the dibromo (2) and diiodo (3) derivatives are synthesized by halogen exchange with phosphorus(III) bromide or sodium iodide, respectively. X-ray structure determinations at -120±3°C (R = 0,044/0,041/0,024) show the series of compounds to crystallize isotypically in the triclinic space group P1. The molecules are associated two-dimensionally by a moderately excentric η3-Sb··arene interaction and two Sb··halogen contacts each. Provided that the phenyl ligand is being substituted by its centre, the coordination geometry of the antimony atom may be described as a distorted octahedron. The crystal structure represents a variant (hettotype) of the bismuth(III) iodide type.
    Notes: Dichlor(phenyl)stiban (1) kann in Übereinstimmung mit Literaturangaben aus der Metathesereaktion zwischen Antimon(III)-chlorid und Triphenylstiban in quantitativer Ausbeute erhalten werden; durch Halogen-Austausch mit Phosphor(III)-bromid bzw. Natriumiodid wird es in das Dibrom- (2) oder Diiod-Derivat 3 überführt. Nach den Ergebnissen von Röntgenstrukturanalysen bei - 120 ± 3°C (R = 0,444/0,041/0,024) kristallisieren die drei Verbindungen isotyp in der triklinen Raumgruppe P1; die Moleküle sind zweidimensionalüber je eine mäßig exzentrische η3-Sb··Aren-Wechselwirkung und je zwei Sb··Halogen-Kontakte vernetzt. Denkt man sich den Phenyl-Liganden durch seinen Schwerpunkt ersetzt, so ist das Antimonatom verzerrt oktaedrisch koordiniert. Die Kristallstruktur läßt sich als Variante (Hettotyp) des Bismut(III)-iodid-Typs beschreiben.
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  • 19
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Hydrogen Bridges. I. Molecular and Crystal Structure of Phosphonic Acid H3PO3 - X-ray and Neutron Diffraction Studies of the Hydrogen and Deuterium CompoundsThe structure of phosphonic acid H3PO3 has been redetermined by single crystal neutron diffraction (λ = 104.22 pm) at 15.0 ± 0.1 K yielding lattice parameters {Pna21; Z = 8; a = 716.6(3); b = 1201.3(5); c = 674.3(3) pm} and bond lengths {mean values from two crystallographically independent molecules: P—O 155; P=O 150; P—H 139; O—H 101 pm} of high reliability (R = 0.053). Each molecule is involved in four asymmetric hydrogen bonds (O…H 155 to 160pm; O—H…O 168 to 177°) with either hydroxyl group donating and the phosphoryl fragment acting as a twofold acceptor. Thus a complex, three-dimensional net, consisting of four- and eight-point circuits in a 1:2 ratio, is put up although the molecules are packed in a comparatively simple way to form an almost cubic closest arrangement.An X-ray crystal structure determination (R = 0.032) carried out at 173 ± 3 K for comparison revealed no significant differences and angles between phosphorus and oxygen atoms; an additional comparing neutron diffraction study at 15.0 ± 0.1 K (λ = 131.68 pm; isotropic atomic displacement parameters) of the hydrogen (r = 0.044) and deuterium compounds (R = 0.041) resulted in nearly identical structural models for the two isotopomers.
    Notes: Die Struktur der Phosphonsäure H3PO3 wurde mittels Neutronenbeugung (λ = 104,22 pm) an einem Einkristall bei 15,0 ± 0,1 K neu bestimmt, so daß Gitterparameter {Pna21; Z = 8; a = 716,6(3); b = 1201,3(5); c 674,3(3) pm} und Bindungslängen {Mittelwerte aus zwei kristallographisch unabhängigen Molekülen: P—O 155; P = O 150; P—H 139; O—H 101 pm} nun sehr genau (R = 0,053) bekannt sind. Jedes Molekül nimmt teil an vier unsymmetrischen Wasserstoff-Brückenbindungen (O…H 155 bis 160 pm; O—H…O 168 bis 177°), wobei die Hydroxyl-Gruppen als Donoren und die Phosphoryl-Fragmente als jeweils zweifache Akzeptoren auftreten. Insgesamt wird so ein komplexes, aus Maschen von vier und acht Knoten im Verhältnis 1:2 bestehendes Raumnetz aufgespannt, obwohl die Moleküle selbst verhältnismäßig übersichtlich im Sinne einer kubisch dichtesten Anordnung gepackt sind.Eine zum Vergleich bei 173 ± 3 K durchgeführte Röntgenstrukturanalyse (R = 0,032) ergab in den P—O-Abständen und O—P—O-Winkeln kaum nennenswerte Unterschiede; eine zusätzliche, vergleichende Neutronenbeugungsuntersuchung bei 15,0 ± 0,1 K (λ = 131,68 pm; isotrope atomare Auslenkungsparameter) an der Hydrogen- (R = 0,044) und an der Deuterium-Verbindung (R = 0,041) führte zu weitgehend übereinstimmenden Strukturmodellen für die Isotopomeren.
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  • 20
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: (1,2-dimethoxyethane-O,O′)lithium methylphosphanide ; (2,5,8-trioxanonane-O2,O5)lithium methylphosphanide ; catena-poly(lithium-organylphosphanide) ; X-ray structure determination ; meso-helix ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Metal Derivatives of Molecular Compounds. VIII. catena-Poly[(2,5,8-trioxanonane-O2,O5) lithium-methylphosphanide]  -  a Compound with a meso-Helix StructureStudies of Fritz et al. [10] showed methylphosphane to be lithiated at -60°C in 1,2-dimethoxyethane or bis(2-methoxyethyl) ether solution by stoichiometric amounts of lithium n-butanide in n-hexane. After removing the hydrocarbons almost completely by distillation and cooling the solutions to -60°C again, colourless square crystals of (1,2-dimethoxyethane-O,O′)lithium (1) and (2,5,8-trioxanonane-O2,O5)lithium methylphosphanide (2) precipitate. As shown by an X-ray structure determination (monoclinic, P21/n; a = 805.5(1); b = 1820.6(2); c = 851.5(1) pm; β = 116.76(1)° at -100 ± 3°C; Z = 4 formula units; R = 0.034) complex 2 forms a polymer which has the shape of an up to now scarcely noted meso-helix. Four-coordinated lithium is bound to two phosphorus (P—Li 252.9 and 253.2 pm; P—Li—P 131.8°; Li—P—Li 132.1°) and to two oxygen atoms (Li—O 203.9 and 206.8; O … O 270.7 pm; O—Li—O 82.5°) of the inherently tridentate 2,5,8-trioxanonane ligand. As compared to the standard value (185 pm) the P—C distance (187.4 pm) is slightly lengthened. Structure determinations of (2,5,8-trioxanonane-O2,O5,O8) lithium 1-(phenylsulfonyl)alkyl compounds published some years ago [26, 27], allow a comparison of molecular parameters characteristic for the twofold or threefold coordinating chelate ligand.
    Notes: Nach Untersuchungen von Fritz u. a. [10] wird in 1,2-Dimethoxyethan oder Bis(2-methoxyethyl)ether Zur einfacheren Beschreibung der Koordination am Lithium wählen wir beim Bis(2-methoxyethyl)ether (diglyme) das Synonym 2,5,8-Trioxanonan. 1,2-Bis(dimethylamino)ethan (tmeda), Tetrahydrofuran (thf), 1,2-Dimethoxyethan (dme), Diethylether (OEt2) gelöstes Methylphosphan bei -60°C durch Lithium-n-butanid in n-Hexan metalliert. Beim Abkühlen der von Kohlenwasserstoffen weitgehend befreiten Ansätze auf wiederum -60°C kristallisiert (1,2-Dimethoxyethan-O,O′)lithium- (1) bzw. (2,5,8-Trioxanonan-O2,O5) lithium-methylphosphanid (2) in farblosen Quadern aus. Nach einer Röntgenstrukturanalyse (monoklin, P21/n; a = 805,5(1); b = 1 820,6(2); c = 851,5(1)pm; β = 116,76(1)° bei -100 ± 3°C; Z = 4 Formeleinheiten; R = 0,034) liegt Komplex 2 als Polymer in der bislang wenig beachteten achiralen Abfolge einer „meso-Helix“ vor. Lithium weist mit Bindungen zu zwei Phosphor- (P—Li 252,9 und 253,2 pm; P—Li—P 131,8°; Li—P—Li 132,1°) und zu nur zwei Sauerstoffatomen (Li—O 203,9 und 206,8; O … O 270,7 pm; O—Li—O 82,5°) des a priori dreizähnigen 2,5,8-Trioxanonan-Liganden ebenso wie Phosphor die Koordinationszahl 4 auf. Der P—C-Abstand ist mit 187,4 pm gegenüber dem Standard (185 pm) geringfügig verlängert. Vor einigen Jahren veröffentlichte Strukturen [26, 27] von (2,5,8-Trioxanonan-O2,O5,O8)- lithium-1-(phenylsulfonyl)alkyl-Verbindungen ermöglichen einen Vergleich charakteristischer Molekülparameter im zwei-oder dreifach koordinierenden Chelatliganden.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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