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  • 1990-1994  (10)
  • 1945-1949
  • Chemistry  (5)
  • phycoerythrin  (2)
  • pyroclastic deposits  (2)
  • 07.65.-b  (1)
Source
Material
Years
Year
Keywords
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temperature measurement using degenerate four-wave mixing with non-saturating laser powers (1994)
    Springer
    Applied physics 58 (1994), S. 459-466 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 82.40.Py ; 07.20.Dt ; 07.65.-b ; 33.20.Lg
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We report the use of Degenerate Four-Wave Mixing (DFWM) in the OHA 2 Σ + ←X 2 ∏ (υ′ = 0 ←υ″ = 0) band for temperature determination in a propane/air flame using laser powers below the saturation level. We show that at these low power levels the dependence of the signal on the dipole moment for the transition has to be established before meaningful temperature data can be obtained. This presents a paradox in that the temperature has to be known before the form of the dependence on the dipole moment can be determined. Solutions to this paradox are presented. We also show that absorption of the laser beams in this OH band system cannot be neglected and that failure to correctly account for the absorption leads to a large over estimate of the flame temperature. Furthermore, we show that the accuracy of the absorption-corrected temperature is critically dependent on the accuracy with which the measurement position within the flame is known. Finally, the temperature calculated from DFWM spectra using the correct dipole moment power and absorption is compared to the temperatures obtained using Laser-Induced Fluorescence (LIF) and Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Spectroscopy (CARS).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01081076
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radiocarbon redating of contaminated samples from a tropical volcano: the Mansion ‘Series’ of St Kitts, West Indies (1994)
    Springer
    Bulletin of volcanology 56 (1994), S. 326-334 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0819
    Keywords: Lesser Antilles ; St Kitts ; Mt Liamuiga radiocarbon dating ; charcoal contamination stratigraphy ; pyroclastic deposits
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Heavy rainfall and dense vegetation on tropical volcanoes produce abundant carbonized wood in pyroclastic deposits, in addition to easy contamination of this wood by root systems and soluble humic material. Because the physical nature of the charcoal varies, some samples are more prone to contamination. Two independent studies of the same volcano, Mt Liamuiga on St Kitts in the Lesser Antilles, sometimes using samples from the same carbonized tree, yielded a systematic difference in radiocarbon ages. An exchange of samples and a re-investigation of three physically distinct types of charcoal yielded the following results. Rare, hard, dense charcoal, lacking contamination, which had yielded a spurious age of 2860 years bp, was redated at 1845±58 years bp. Common soft, friable charcoal with good cellular structure proved to be susceptible to contamination. A field decontamination technique utilized by one group seems significant as it yields older ages than when only routine laboratory pre-treatment was used, indicating that the latter technique only partly removes the dried and hard residue produced by the decomposition of modern plant rootlets. A previous date of 24870 years bp obtained from powdery charcoal in a horizon beneath the Mansion ‘Series’ contradicted ages older than 41000 years bp from common friable charcoal in the lower Mansion ‘Series’. The soft powdery charcoal was re-investigated using a sample collected a few centimeters from the original, although field decontamination of this sample was not possible, more extensive laboratory treatment yielded an age of ca. 43000 years bp, again proving that routine laboratory pretreatments are inadequate. A revised geochronology for the Mansion ‘Series’ is described and a cautionary discussion is presented for the benefit of investigators using radiocarbon ages to date volcanic deposits.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00326459
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radiocarbon redating of contaminated samples from a tropical volcano: the Mansion 'Series' of St Kitts, West Indies (1994)
    Springer
    Bulletin of volcanology 56 (1994), S. 326-334 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0819
    Keywords: Key wordsLesser Antilles ; St Kitts ; Mt Liamuiga ; radiocarbon dating ; charcoal contamination ; stratigraphy ; pyroclastic deposits
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Heavy rainfall and dense vegetation on tropical volcanoes produce abundant carbonized wood in pyroclastic deposits, in addition to easy contamination of this wood by root systems and soluble humic material. Because the physical nature of the charcoal varies, some samples are more prone to contamination. Two independent studies of the same volcano, Mt Liamuiga on St Kitts in the Lesser Antilles, sometimes using samples from the same carbonized tree, yielded a systematic difference in radiocarbon ages. An exchange of samples and a re-investigation of three physically distinct types of charcoal yielded the following results. Rare, hard, dense charcoal, lacking contamination, which had yielded a spurious age of 2860 years bp, was redated at 1845±58 years bp. Common soft, friable charcoal with good cellular structure proved to be susceptible to contamination. A field decontamination technique utilized by one group seems significant as it yields older ages than when only routine laboratory pre-treatment was used, indicating that the latter technique only partly removes the dried and hard residue produced by the decomposition of modern plant rootlets. A previous date of 24 870 years bp obtained from powdery charcoal in a horizon beneath the Mansion 'Series' contradicted ages older than 41 000 years bp from common friable charcoal in the lower Mansion 'Series'. The soft powdery charcoal was re-investigated using a sample collected a few centimeters from the original, although field decontamination of this sample was not possible, more extensive laboratory treatment yielded an age of ca. 43 000 years bp, again proving that routine laboratory pre-treatments are inadequate. A revised geochronology for the Mansion 'Series' is described and a cautionary discussion is presented for the benefit of investigators using radiocarbon ages to date volcanic deposits.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00326459
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    R-phycoerythrin from the macroalgaCorallina officinalis (Rhodophyceae) and application of a derived phycofluor probe for detecting sugar-binding sites on cell membranes (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of applied phycology 3 (1991), S. 345-354 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5176
    Keywords: Corallina officinalis ; phycoerythrin ; fucose ; flow cytometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract R-Phycoerythrin (absorption spectrum 280; 495;sh 535, 564 nm with A564/A280 ratio of 5.3) was purified from the red macroalgaCorallina officinalis. The relative molecular mass determined from PAGE was 240 000. SDS-PAGE demonstrated two major subunits ofM r 20 000 and 21 000, respectively, and a minor subunit ofM r 30 000. A fucospyranosyl phenylisothiocyanate conjugate was prepared and this novel fluorescent affinity reagent used in conjunction with a flow cytometer to probe fucose-binding sites on blood mononuclear cells. By varying the sugar and using other phycobiliproteins the approach has the potential for simultaneously monitoring different sugar binding sites on subsets of cells within populations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00026097
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    R-phycoerythrin from the macroalgaCorallina officinalis (Rhodophyceae) and application of a derived phycofluor probe for detecting sugar-binding sites on cell membranes (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of applied phycology 3 (1991), S. 345-354 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5176
    Keywords: Corallina officinalis ; phycoerythrin ; fucose ; flow cytometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract R-Phycoerythrin (absorption spectrum 280; 495;sh 535, 564 nm with A564/A280 ratio of 5.3) was purified from the red macroalgaCorallina officinalis. The relative molecular mass determined from PAGE was 240 000. SDS-PAGE demonstrated two major subunits ofM r 20 000 and 21 000, respectively, and a minor subunit ofM r 30 000. A fucospyranosyl phenylisothiocyanate conjugate was prepared and this novel fluorescent affinity reagent used in conjunction with a flow cytometer to probe fucose-binding sites on blood mononuclear cells. By varying the sugar and using other phycobiliproteins the approach has the potential for simultaneously monitoring different sugar binding sites on subsets of cells within populations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02392888
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Family plots for evaluating physical properties of organosilicon compounds (1994)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 40 (1994), S. 373-377 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690400217
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A 2-d numerical study of intermeshing self-wiping screws in biopolymer extrusion (1991)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 31 (1991), S. 1157-1163 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A knowledge of flow behavior is important in the study of laminar flow in twin-screw extrusion processes to predict the velocity distribution and to understand the mixing process. The flow of a power law fluid in self-wiping twin-screw extruders is examined using a two-dimensional finite element analysis of a mid-channel section of intermeshing screws. Theory is compared with experiment using food biopolymer and plastic materials. Comparisons showing overprediction of throughputs, but similarities in behavior, suggest that this model could provide an upper limit for melt conveying. For most of the throughput range examined, pumping of intermeshing self-wiping screws appears to be almost independent of the power law flow index of the melt extruded, but the value of the flow index determines the degree of influence intermeshing has on the overall pressure gradient generated in the extruder.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760311513
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ceramic coating chemically vapour deposited on high speed steel substrates: Scratch adhesion test phenomena (1993)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 20 (1993), S. 352-356 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The scratch test is widely used to assess the adhesion of ceramic coatings deposited on cermet and alloy substrates by both physical vapour deposition and chemical vapour deposition (CVD). It has been observed during such tests that, depending on the coating type, complete coating removal from the scratch channels can be preceded by flaking of the coating at the edges of the channels. An attempt has been made to ascertain, for CVD coated powder metallurgy (PM) high speed steel (HSS) cutting tool inserts, whether a relationship exists between the presence/absence and type of pre-critical load coating flaking observed during scratch testing and interfacial compositional variations determined by Auger electron spectroscopy (AES). Scratch test and AES results are presented for the following CVD coated PM HSS inserts: titanium nitride (TiN) coated, where no flaking has been observed; titanium carbide (TiC) coated, where mixed adhesive/cohesive flaking of the TiC coating has been observed and multilayer aluminium oxide (Al2O3) coated, where adhesive flaking of the Al2O3coating has been observed. In the case of the TiN and TiC coated inserts it is not considered that differences in coating/substrate interdiffusion zone thickness alone are responsible for the observed divergence in scratch test behaviour. Differences in coating microhardness are also suggested to be a significant factor. The behaviour of the multilayer Al2O3 coated insert during scratch testing is thought more likely to be singularly associated with interfacial chemistry.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.740200505
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Endiin-Verbindungen mit säure-, base- und lichtempfindlichen Triggergruppen; chemische Simulierung der Dynemicin-A-ReaktionskaskadeDiese Arbeit wurde von den National Institutes of Health (USA) und von der National Science Foundation (USA) gefördert. A. L. S. dankt dem britischen Science and Engineering Research Council für ein NATO-Stipendium. (1991)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 103 (1991), S. 1034-1038 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.19911030842
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enediyne Compounds Equipped with Acid-, Base- and Photo-Sensitive Triggering Devices. Chemical Simulation of the Dynemicin A Reaction CascadeThis work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (USA) and the National Science Foundation (USA). A. L. S. thanks the Science and Engineering Research Council (SERC) for the award of a NATO fellowship. (1991)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 30 (1991), S. 1032-1036 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.199110321
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