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  • 1990-1994  (2)
  • Chlorops oryzae  (1)
  • 3-nitrobenzyl-alcohol
  • Toxicology
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 63 (1992), S. 273-281 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Diapause ; photoperiod ; rice stem maggot ; Chlorops oryzae ; Chloropidae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Chlorops oryzae is bivoltine in northern Japan but trivoltine in the southern part of the country. In the bivoltine strain, both the egg and larval stages were found to be sensitive to photoperiod. When the egg stage was exposed to a long-day photoperiod (16L:8D), larval development showed a short-day type response, and mature third-instar larvae entered a summer diapause under a long-day photoperiod (15L:9D). When eggs experienced short days, the first-instar larvae entered a winter diapause under short-day conditions, and the critical photoperiod in the larval stage ranged from about 14L:10D to about 12L:12D as the photoperiod experienced by the eggs increased from 12L:12D to 14L:10D. However, the development of the larvae after overwintering was not influenced by the photoperiod. In the trivoltine strain, larval development was retarded under a 14L:10D photoperiod but not under either shorter or longer photoperiods, when larvae had spent the egg stage under a 16L:8D photoperiod. The critical photoperiod of the larval stage for the induction of a winter diapause in the first instar was about 12L:12D, though it varied to some extent with the photoperiod during the egg stage. Thus, Chlorops oryzae was able to adapt itself to the local climatic conditions by the development of variable and complicated photoperiodic responses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of legal medicine 106 (1994), S. 288-290 
    ISSN: 1437-1596
    Keywords: Toxicology ; Polysulphides ; Sulphide ; Tissue samples-GC ; GC/MS ; Poisoning ; Toxikologie ; Polysulfid ; Sulfid ; Gewebe ; Gewebeproben ; GC ; GC/MS ; Vergiftung
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Law
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Wir haben Tierexperimente durchgeführt, um bei Untersuchung von Gewebsproben toxikologisch eine Polysulfid-Vergiftung zu verifizieren. Ein Bade-Agens, welches Calcium-Polysulfid enthielt, wurde Ratten oral zugeführt. Hierauf wurden Polysulfide und Sulfid, das Abbauprodukt von Polysulfiden, mit Hilfe von GC and GC/MS untersucht. Die Konzentrationen der Polysulfide (μmol/ml oder g) wurden am höchsten im Blut gefunden (0,194), gefolgt von der Leber (0,051), den Lungen (0,018) und den Nieren (0,013). Die Konzentrationen waren in den übrigen getesteten Organen unterhalb der Nachweisgrenze (0,004 μmol/g). Sulfid wurde in allen Gewebsproben gefunden. Mit 0,518 μmol/ml war die Konzentration am höchsten im Blut. Diese Konzentration war 40 mal höher als jene, welche für tödliche Vergiftungen im Falle von H2S-Vergiftung erforderlich ist. Polysulfid-Vergiftungen wurden bestätigend diagnostiziert durch den Nachweis und die Messung von Polysulfiden und in Ergänzung Sulfid in Körpergeweben, am ausgeprägtesten im Blut. Zwei praktische Fallberichte von vermuteter Vergiftung mit Polysulfiden werden kurz beschrieben.
    Notes: Summary We carried out animal experiments to toxicologically verify polysulphide poisoning by analyzing tissue samples. A bathing agent containing calcium polysulphides was administered orally to rats, and then polysulphides and sulphide, the decomposed product of polysulphides, were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The concentrations of polysulphides (μmol/ml or g) were found to be highest in blood (0.196), followed by the liver (0.051), the lungs (0.018) and kindneys (0.013), but were below the detection limit (0.005 μmol/g) in the other tissues tested. Sulphide was detected in all the tissue samples and was found to be highest in the blood (0.518 μmol/ml), this being 40 times higher than that required for fatal poisoning in the case of hydrogen sulphide. Polysulphide poisoning was considered to be confirmatively diagnosed by detecting and measuring polysuphides and supplementarily sulphide in body tissues, most pertinently in the blood. Two practical cases of suspected poisoning by polysulphides are briefly described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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