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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 53 (1993), S. 122-126 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Transforming growth factor β1 ; Age difference ; Chondrogenesis ; Parietal bone ; Mesenchymal cell differentiation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary We examined the osteogenesis process in transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1)-treated neonatal and adult rats, aiming to investigate the age difference in the effect of TGF-β1 on mesenchymal cell differentiation. Recombinant human (rh) TGF-β1 (20 and 200 ng) was injected onto the outer periostea of the right side of the parietal bone of each rat once a day for 1–12 days starting at the age of either 1 day or 12 weeks. On the day after the final injection, the calvaria was excised and evaluated histologically. In the neonates, the 12-day treatment with rhTGF-β1 increased the number of osteoprogenitor cells, resulting in intramembranous ossification. In the adult rats, rhTGF-β1 induced differentiation of chondrocytes. Cartilage masses were surrounded by mesenchymal cells, which would differentiate into chondrocytes. The cartilage matrix was partially calcified, with chondrocytes buried therein. In the calcified matrix, marrow cavities containing some multinuclear osteoclasts were formed. These findings indicate that rhTGF-β1 stimulated the differentiation of mesenchymal cells into chondrocytes and produced the cartilaginous matrix. rhTGF-β1 induced intramembranous ossification of the parietal bone in neonatal rats, and it induced enchondral ossification in adults. This result suggests that the different responses of mesenchymal cells in the periosteum to rhTGF-β1 may depend on the age of the animals used: namely, they may reflect the respective osteogenic stages of modeling and remodeling.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Blending of polystyrenes (PS) with a thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer (LCP) was performed by using a continuous corotating twin screw extruder. The influence of LCP content on the blending process was studied by changing the barrel heater temperature and the screw speed. The torque of screw shafts, generated during the blending process, was influenced by LCP content and its influence was not simple. The torque generated during the blending process was not directly related to the apparent melt viscosity of blends. Further, the effects of the matrix viscosity on the morphology and mechanical properties of the PS/LCP blends were studied using three grades of PS as matrix resins. It was found that the size of the LCP dispersed phase decreased with increasing matrix viscosity. Consequently, the mechanical properties of the PS/LCP blend were improved. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 66 (1994), S. 1260-1260 
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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