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  • 1990-1994  (14)
  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (9)
  • Biochemistry and Biotechnology  (3)
  • mass spectrometry
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural analysis of bovine pancreatic thread protein (1990)
    Springer
    The protein journal 9 (1990), S. 623-632 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4943
    Keywords: Pancreatic thread protein ; primary structure ; mass spectrometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Pancreatic thread protein (PTP) forms double helical threads in the neutralpH range after purification, undergoing freely reversible,pH-dependent globule-fibril transformation. The purified bovine PTP consists on SDS gels of two carbohydrate-free polypeptide chains (Grosset al., 1985). Plasma desorption mass spectrometry and amino acid sequence analysis now confirm that bovine PTP contains two disulfide-bonded polypeptides, an A chain of 101 amino acid residues with a molecular weight of 11,073 and a B chain of 35 residues with a molecular weight of 3970. The intact protein exhibits a molecular weight of 15,036, agreeing 〉99.9% with the molecular weight calculated from the sequence. The B chain sequence was determined by gas-phase Edman degradation of the intact polypeptide. The A chain sequence was determined from overlapping peptides generated by cleavage at lysyl, tryptophanyl, and aspartyl-prolyl residues. Based upon the bovine PTP cDNA structure, the two chains of the protein result from cleavage of a single polypeptide with removal of a dipeptide between the NH2-terminal A chain and COOH-terminal B chain. Comparison of bovine PTP with other proteins reveals significant structural relatedness with the single-chain homologues from human and rat pancreas and with the motif associated with Ca2+-dependent carbohydrate recognition domains. The physiological role of PTP has not yet been resolved. The protein is present in very high concentration in pancreatic secretion and it has been detected in brain lesions in Alzheimer's disease and Down syndrome and in regenerating rat pancreatic islets. The present results provide a firm protein base for ongoing molecular, physical-chemical, and structure-function studies of this unusual protein.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01025016
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of a single glycosylated asparagine site on a glycopeptide using solid-phase Edman degradation (1994)
    Springer
    Glycoconjugate journal 11 (1994), S. 180-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4986
    Keywords: N-terminal sequencing ; glycoprotein ; glycan analysis ; covalent immobilization ; mass spectrometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The characterization of site-specific glycosylation is traditionally dependent on the availability of suitable proteolytic cleavage sites between each glycosylated residue, so that peptides containing individual glycosylation sites are recovered. In the case of heavily glycosylated domains such as theO-glycosylated mucins, which have no available protease sites, this approach is not possible. Here we introduce a new method to gain site-specific compositional data on the oligosaccharides attached to a single amino acid. Using a model glycopeptide from a mutant human albumin Casebrook, glycosylated PTH-Asn was recovered after sequential solid-phase Edman degradation, subjected to acid hydrolysis and the sugars were identified by high performance anion exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection. The PTH-Asn(Sac) derivative was further characterized by ionspray mass spectrometry. Comparison between an endoproteinase Glu-C glycopeptide and a tryptic glycopeptide showed that the oligosaccharide attached to Asn494 was stable after at least 10 cycles of Edman degradation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00731216
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alkaline phosphatase-somatostatin hybrid proteins as probes for somatostatin-14 receptors (1992)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Proteins: Structure, Function, and Genetics 14 (1992), S. 1-9 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-3585
    Keywords: protein engineering ; cassette mutagenesis ; peptide hormone ; molecular modeling ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: By inserting appropriate peptide ligands into surface loops on globular proteins, we expect to develop probes for the location, accessibility, and steric and electrostatic environment of these ligand-binding sites on their membrane-bound receptors. Three residues in a loop on the surface of E. coli alkaline phosphatase were substituted by an 18-residue peptide containing the receptor-binding segment of somatostatin-14 without significantly affecting the catalytic properties of the enzyme. This hybrid protein was then used to investigate the ligand-binding site of somatostatin receptors. Tryptic cleavage of the hybrid protein within the inserted sequence, and binding of the hybrid protein to antisomatostatin antibodies demonstrated the surface accessibility of the guest peptide. Both the wild-type enzyme and the hormone-enzyme hybrid displaced 125I-labeled somatostatin from rat brain membrane receptors only at high concentrations. How-ever, chemical cationization of the hybrid protein, which again did not disturb the phosphatase activity, enhanced its receptor-binding potency to a level only 23 times lower than that of somatostatin itself and 280 times higher than that of the cationized wild-type protein. This alkaline phosphatase/somatostatin hybrid protein appears, therefore, to be a suitable starting point for the development of probes for the steric and electrostatic environment of the ligand-binding site of somatostatin receptors. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prot.340140103
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Single-stranded DNA binding proteins (SSBs) from prokaryotic transmissible plasmids (1991)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Proteins: Structure, Function, and Genetics 9 (1991), S. 120-134 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-3585
    Keywords: plasmid SSBs ; protein and DNA sequence ; single-stranded DNA binding proteins ; helix destabilizing proteins ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The DNA and protein sequences of single-stranded DNA binding proteins (SSBs) encoded by the plP71a, plP231a, and R64 conjugative plasmids have been determined and compared to Escherichia coli SSB and the SSB encoded by F-plasmid. Although the amino acid sequences of all of these proteins are highly conserved within the NH2-terminal two-thirds of the protein, they diverge in the COOH-terminal third region. A number of amino acid residues which have previously been implicated as being either directly or indirectly involved in DNA binding are conserved in all of these SSBs. These residues include Trp-40, Trp-54, Trp-88, His-55, and Phe-60. On the basis of these sequence comparisons and DNA binding studies, a role for Tyr-70 in DNA binding is suggested for the first time. Although the COOH-terminal third of these proteins diverges more than their NH2-terminal regions, the COOH-terminal five amino acid residues of all five of these proteins are identical. In addition, all of these proteins share the characteristic property of having a protease resistant, NH2-terminal core and an acidic COOH-terminal region. Despite the high degree of sequence homology among the plasmid SSB proteins, the F-plasmid SSB appears unique in that it was the only SSB tested that neither bound well to poly(dA) nor was able to stimulate DNA polymerase III holoenzyme elongation rates. Poly [d(A-T)] melting studies suggest that at least three of the plasmid encoded SSBs are better helix-destabilizing proteins than is the E. coli SSB protein.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prot.340090206
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of an organotin stabilizer in a rigid poly(vinyl chloride) plastic by on-line supercritical fluid extraction and chromatography with formic acid modified carbon dioxide and flame ionization detection (1993)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 16 (1993), S. 198-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Supercritical fluid chromatography ; Supercritical fluid extraction ; Poly(vinyl chloride) ; Dimethyltin mercaptide ; Formic acid ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240160316
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparison of formic acid and formamide as modifiers of supercritical carbon dioxide compatible with flame lonization detection (1993)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 16 (1993), S. 130-134 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Supercritical fluid chromatography ; Packed columns ; Modifiers ; Formic acid ; Formamide ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240160216
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural characterization by mass spectrometry of native and recombinant human relaxin (1990)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 19 (1990), S. 655-664 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Mass spectrometry has played a key role in characterizing the primary structure of native and recombinant relaxin, a peptide hormone that induces ripening of the cervix prior to childbirth. The peptide is composed of two chains, A and B, and is formed from a single-chain prohormone, as is insulin. Aside from conserved cysteines, though, it has little sequence homology with insulin. Due to the small amounts of native peptide initially available ( 〈 10 pmol), traditional techniques could not provide information on the blocked A-chain sequence, on the carboxy-terminal sequences, nor on other possible post-translational modifications. Mass measurements by fast atom bombardment (FAB) were made on reduced human relaxin isolated from corpora lutea. The detection limit by FAB for reduced relaxin was 500 fmol. The B-chain was four amino acids shorter than expected from comparison of the previously known cDNA sequence with homologous rat and porcine sequences. The A-chain, as predicted, was 24 amino acids in length and had a pyroglutamic acid residue on the amino-terminus. The purified samples were homogeneous with no other post-translational modifications. The recombinant relaxin molecule was also extensively characterized by mass spectrometry. In addition to the intact molecule, all tryptic peptides were characterized by FAB. A capillary high-performance liquid chromatography continuous-flow FAB system, developed for high-sensitivity peptide mapping, aided in these analyses. Finally, the three disulfide bonds were shown by tandem mass spectrometry to match those of insulin.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200191105
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An evaluation of tandem mass spectrometry in drug metabolism studiesA preliminary account of this work was presented at the 2nd European Tandem Mass Spectrometry meeting held at the University of Warwick, UK, on 19-22 July 1992. (1993)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 22 (1993), S. 388-394 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The use of precursor ion and constant neutral loss scanning as a means of rapidly detecting drug metabolites is evaluated. Four clinically useful drugs, namely (i) cyclophosphamide, (ii) mifentidine, (iii) cimetropium bromide and (iv) haloperidol, were subjected to microsomal incubations to afford phase I metabolites. Aside from a minor clean-up procedure involving zinc sulfate precipitation of microsomal proteins and solid-phase extraction of metabolites using a Sep-pak C-18 cartridge, the mixtures were analysed directly by fast atom bombardment tandem mass spectrometry. It is demonstrated that such screening strategies are important in detecting novel metabolites. However, there are some problems associated with only using such methods, including (i) the possibility of not detecting metabolites that undergo unusual collision-induced dissociation fragmentation pathways, (ii) the non-detection of metabolites that have undergone metabolic change at unusual sites of reactivity, and (iii) production of artifacts derived from the parent drug by the primary ionization process. Examples are discussed that highlight both the strengths and weaknesses of such an approach.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200220705
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of effector cell-derived lyso platelet activating factor by electron capture negative ion mass spectrometry (1991)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 20 (1991), S. 545-552 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Quantification of 1-O-alkyl-2-lyso-sn-3-glycero-phosphocholine (lysoPAF) and determination of the different molecular species released by cells has been hampered by the molecules's lack of intrinsic bioactivity, unavailability of a suitable internal standard, and reliance on derivatives requiring electron impact techniques. We have synthesized trideuterated internal standards (labeled on the terminal carbon of the alkyl chain) for both C16:0 and C18:0 lysoPAF. Using these standards, we isolated and quantified lysoPAF released from A23187-stimulated human neutrophils and rat alveolar macrophages. Extracted lysoPAF was purified by solid-phase extraction and thin-layer chromatography. The polar phosphorylcholine group was removed with 29 M HF or phospholipase C. The two free hydroxyl groups were derivatized with pentafluorobenzoyl chloride. The resultant bis-pentafluorobenzoyl derivative, analyzed by gas chromatography/electron capture negative ion mass spectrometry, underwent substantial fragmentation. Lowering of the ion source temperature resulted in a dramatic increase in signal-to-noise ratio, with the vast majority of the ion current carried in the molecular anion. Stimulated neutrophils released 16.3 and 10.2 ng/106 cells of C16:0 lysoPAF and C18:0 lysoPAF, respectively. Rat macrophages synthesized 15.9 ng/106 cells of C16:0 lysoPAF, but C18:0 lysoPAF was variably detected at low levels. We conclude that use of the bispentafluorobenzoyl ester derivative of lysoPAF allows facile quantification of this autacoid metabolite in biological matrices.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200200907
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Importance of quality control in a gas chromatographic method to characterize crude oilsMany of the details in this paper were presented as a poster at the Tenth International Symposium on Capillary Chromatography, Riva del Garda, Italy, May 22-25, 1989. (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 17 (1994), S. 463-468 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Capillary GC ; Petroleum crude oil ; Condensates ; Carbon number distribution ; Pseudocomponents ; Quality control ; Quality assurance ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A quality control scheme has been developed to achieve reproducible capillary GC characterization of crude oils and petroleum condensates. The method uses an internal standard to quantify the amount of non-eluted material in the crude oil sample. Correlation between the gas chromatographic results and actual distillation was 2 %. After repeated use, however, weekly analysis of the same standard crude oil did not give the correct composition. This was a result of discrimination, which worsened with time, as a result of leaks in the septum or the graphite ferrules. More reproducible results were obtained by performing frequent analyses of quality control samples to ensure that the gas chromatographic system was operating properly. The use of quality control charts was a convenient way of ensuring correct operation and identifying the need for corrective action on the gas chromatographic system.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240170613
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