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  • 1990-1994  (15)
  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (9)
  • mental retardation  (4)
  • mass spectrometry
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Teaching a chained task with a simultaneous prompting procedure (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of behavioral education 3 (1993), S. 299-315 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3513
    Keywords: simultaneous prompting ; near-errorless learning ; response prompting ; mental retardation ; chained task instruction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Education , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Simultaneous prompting, a type of antecedent prompt and test procedure, was used to teach the chained task of making juice from a frozen concentrate using a pictorial recipe to four elementary-aged students with moderate intellectual disabilities. Using a multiple probe design, all students acquired the task and maintained the behavior with at least 85% accuracy up to 60 days after training was terminated. In addition, students generalized the skill across settings and materials. The students' ability to expressively identify the words shown on the recipe cards was tested prior to and after training. Although not directly trained, three of the four students increased their ability to read the words.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00961557
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Facilitated communication: Better education through applied ideology (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of behavioral education 4 (1994), S. 93-105 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3513
    Keywords: mental retardation ; autism ; facilitated communication ; behavioral assessment ; telepathy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Education , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Facilitated communication (FC), or the provision of graduated assistance by staff in the selection of keys on a communication device by people with developmental disabilities, has become a widely used training technique. Although widespread anecdotal accounts of substantial training benefits and unanticipated communicative competence have been reported, controlled experimental and single subject studies have disclosed little evidence of unexpected competencies. We review research on FC, identify cognitive factors that may stimulate acceptance of this as a training method, and suggest procedures to be employed in individual validation situations when critical communications occur.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01560511
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural analysis of bovine pancreatic thread protein (1990)
    Springer
    The protein journal 9 (1990), S. 623-632 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4943
    Keywords: Pancreatic thread protein ; primary structure ; mass spectrometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Pancreatic thread protein (PTP) forms double helical threads in the neutralpH range after purification, undergoing freely reversible,pH-dependent globule-fibril transformation. The purified bovine PTP consists on SDS gels of two carbohydrate-free polypeptide chains (Grosset al., 1985). Plasma desorption mass spectrometry and amino acid sequence analysis now confirm that bovine PTP contains two disulfide-bonded polypeptides, an A chain of 101 amino acid residues with a molecular weight of 11,073 and a B chain of 35 residues with a molecular weight of 3970. The intact protein exhibits a molecular weight of 15,036, agreeing 〉99.9% with the molecular weight calculated from the sequence. The B chain sequence was determined by gas-phase Edman degradation of the intact polypeptide. The A chain sequence was determined from overlapping peptides generated by cleavage at lysyl, tryptophanyl, and aspartyl-prolyl residues. Based upon the bovine PTP cDNA structure, the two chains of the protein result from cleavage of a single polypeptide with removal of a dipeptide between the NH2-terminal A chain and COOH-terminal B chain. Comparison of bovine PTP with other proteins reveals significant structural relatedness with the single-chain homologues from human and rat pancreas and with the motif associated with Ca2+-dependent carbohydrate recognition domains. The physiological role of PTP has not yet been resolved. The protein is present in very high concentration in pancreatic secretion and it has been detected in brain lesions in Alzheimer's disease and Down syndrome and in regenerating rat pancreatic islets. The present results provide a firm protein base for ongoing molecular, physical-chemical, and structure-function studies of this unusual protein.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01025016
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of a single glycosylated asparagine site on a glycopeptide using solid-phase Edman degradation (1994)
    Springer
    Glycoconjugate journal 11 (1994), S. 180-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4986
    Keywords: N-terminal sequencing ; glycoprotein ; glycan analysis ; covalent immobilization ; mass spectrometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The characterization of site-specific glycosylation is traditionally dependent on the availability of suitable proteolytic cleavage sites between each glycosylated residue, so that peptides containing individual glycosylation sites are recovered. In the case of heavily glycosylated domains such as theO-glycosylated mucins, which have no available protease sites, this approach is not possible. Here we introduce a new method to gain site-specific compositional data on the oligosaccharides attached to a single amino acid. Using a model glycopeptide from a mutant human albumin Casebrook, glycosylated PTH-Asn was recovered after sequential solid-phase Edman degradation, subjected to acid hydrolysis and the sugars were identified by high performance anion exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection. The PTH-Asn(Sac) derivative was further characterized by ionspray mass spectrometry. Comparison between an endoproteinase Glu-C glycopeptide and a tryptic glycopeptide showed that the oligosaccharide attached to Asn494 was stable after at least 10 cycles of Edman degradation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00731216
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of simultaneous prompting and constant time delay procedures in teaching sight words to elementary students with moderate mental retardation (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of behavioral education 2 (1992), S. 305-325 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3513
    Keywords: instructional methodology ; mental retardation ; sight words ; time delay ; simultaneous prompting
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Education , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Simultaneous prompting (a type of antecedent prompt and test procedure) and constant time delay were compared with four students with moderate mental retardation learning expressive sight words. A parallel treatments design across word sets and replicated across students was used. For acquisition, the simultaneous prompting procedures required fewer trials, sessions, and training time to criterion and resulted in fewer student errors during daily probe and training sessions. However, maintenance data indicated mixed results across the two procedures. Reliability data (both dependent and independent variables) revealed no differences between the two procedures in terms of the teacher's accuracy in recording student responses and implementing each procedure. Future research issues are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00948820
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Who is treated using restrictive behavioral procedures? (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of developmental and physical disabilities 4 (1992), S. 99-113 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3580
    Keywords: behavior modification ; mental retardation ; aging ; behavior disorders ; timeout ; aggression ; self-injury
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Controversy about the use of restrictive behavioral procedures persists within the field of developmental disabilities. Many advocates and proponents of the use of exclusively nonrestrictive behavioral procedures have argued that restrictive procedures pose unacceptably high risks of adverse side effects and harm to the people who are treated with them. Yet, little is known about the extent to which procedures like timeout, manual restraint, and overcorrection are actually used in the treatment of people with developmental disabilities who manifest severe behavior disorders. In this article, data gathered on a national sample of people with developmental disabilities age 45 years and older are reviewed to ascertain the extent to which several restrictive procedures are being used in treatment. Findings indicate that these procedures are not being used in an indiscriminate manner.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01046393
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of an organotin stabilizer in a rigid poly(vinyl chloride) plastic by on-line supercritical fluid extraction and chromatography with formic acid modified carbon dioxide and flame ionization detection (1993)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 16 (1993), S. 198-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Supercritical fluid chromatography ; Supercritical fluid extraction ; Poly(vinyl chloride) ; Dimethyltin mercaptide ; Formic acid ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240160316
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparison of formic acid and formamide as modifiers of supercritical carbon dioxide compatible with flame lonization detection (1993)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 16 (1993), S. 130-134 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Supercritical fluid chromatography ; Packed columns ; Modifiers ; Formic acid ; Formamide ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240160216
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural characterization by mass spectrometry of native and recombinant human relaxin (1990)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 19 (1990), S. 655-664 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Mass spectrometry has played a key role in characterizing the primary structure of native and recombinant relaxin, a peptide hormone that induces ripening of the cervix prior to childbirth. The peptide is composed of two chains, A and B, and is formed from a single-chain prohormone, as is insulin. Aside from conserved cysteines, though, it has little sequence homology with insulin. Due to the small amounts of native peptide initially available ( 〈 10 pmol), traditional techniques could not provide information on the blocked A-chain sequence, on the carboxy-terminal sequences, nor on other possible post-translational modifications. Mass measurements by fast atom bombardment (FAB) were made on reduced human relaxin isolated from corpora lutea. The detection limit by FAB for reduced relaxin was 500 fmol. The B-chain was four amino acids shorter than expected from comparison of the previously known cDNA sequence with homologous rat and porcine sequences. The A-chain, as predicted, was 24 amino acids in length and had a pyroglutamic acid residue on the amino-terminus. The purified samples were homogeneous with no other post-translational modifications. The recombinant relaxin molecule was also extensively characterized by mass spectrometry. In addition to the intact molecule, all tryptic peptides were characterized by FAB. A capillary high-performance liquid chromatography continuous-flow FAB system, developed for high-sensitivity peptide mapping, aided in these analyses. Finally, the three disulfide bonds were shown by tandem mass spectrometry to match those of insulin.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200191105
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An evaluation of tandem mass spectrometry in drug metabolism studiesA preliminary account of this work was presented at the 2nd European Tandem Mass Spectrometry meeting held at the University of Warwick, UK, on 19-22 July 1992. (1993)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 22 (1993), S. 388-394 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The use of precursor ion and constant neutral loss scanning as a means of rapidly detecting drug metabolites is evaluated. Four clinically useful drugs, namely (i) cyclophosphamide, (ii) mifentidine, (iii) cimetropium bromide and (iv) haloperidol, were subjected to microsomal incubations to afford phase I metabolites. Aside from a minor clean-up procedure involving zinc sulfate precipitation of microsomal proteins and solid-phase extraction of metabolites using a Sep-pak C-18 cartridge, the mixtures were analysed directly by fast atom bombardment tandem mass spectrometry. It is demonstrated that such screening strategies are important in detecting novel metabolites. However, there are some problems associated with only using such methods, including (i) the possibility of not detecting metabolites that undergo unusual collision-induced dissociation fragmentation pathways, (ii) the non-detection of metabolites that have undergone metabolic change at unusual sites of reactivity, and (iii) production of artifacts derived from the parent drug by the primary ionization process. Examples are discussed that highlight both the strengths and weaknesses of such an approach.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200220705
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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