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  • 1990-1994  (21)
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (18)
  • leptomeningeal metastasis  (2)
  • Blasensäule
  • Organic Chemistry
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intrathecal ACNU treatment of B16 melanoma leptomeningeal metastasis in a new athymic rat model (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of neuro-oncology 14 (1992), S. 169-175 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7373
    Keywords: leptomeningeal metastasis ; meningeal carcinomatosis ; B16 melanoma ; intrathecal chemotherapy ; ACNU
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary To evaluate new cytotoxic drugs for intrathecal treatment we developed an experimental model of leptomeningeal metastasis by intracisternal injection of 104B16-F10 melanoma cells in nude rats. One hour in vitro incubation with 20 μg/ml ACNU (area under the drug concentration-time curve = 1200 μgxmin/ml) induced a 4-log kill of B16 melanoma cells. A single or repeated non-toxic dose of 1 mg/kg was injected into the cisterna magna of rats inoculated with tumor (area under the drug concentration-time curve assuming an even cerebrospinal fluid distribution 〉 7000 μgxmin/ml). Median survival free of symptoms was 16 days (range 14–27) for controls (n = 9) and 18 days (range 17–23) for rats treated with ACNU on day 4 (n = 9). Animals treated both on day 2 and 8 (n = 8) developed symptoms on day 21 (range 13–35). Neurological symptoms and neuropathological examination in animals with increased survival indicated local suppression of tumor growth in the cisterna magna but increased spinal seeding and mass growth. From these results and the available pharmacokinetic data on ACNU it is concluded that bolus injection of ACNU — although locally effective — is not a sufficient treatment of widespread leptomeningeal metastasis. An increased therapeutic efficacy might be achieved by ventriculolumbar perfusion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00177621
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MR imaging of experimental meningeal melanomatosis in nude rats (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of neuro-oncology 14 (1992), S. 207-211 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7373
    Keywords: leptomeningeal metastasis ; B16 melanoma ; magnetic resonance imaging ; animal model
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract MR imaging of the rat brain has become an increasingly frequently used method in experimental neuroradiology. On a generally available 1.5 T whole body tomograph, supplemented with an individually made small coil and a special SE sequence we obtained fairly fine images of the structures of the rat brain. With gadolinium-DTPA, we were able to visualize posterior fossa and cervical leptomeningeal growth of intrathecally injected B16 melanoma in nude rats. Using MRI to follow experimental leptomeningeal metastasis, may provide a new means for diagnostic evaluation and preclinical testing of treatment modalities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00172596
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Progress in synthesis and application of segmented polymersDedicated to Prof. Dr. H. Sinn on the occasion of his 65th birthday (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 223 (1994), S. 47-60 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Maßgeschneiderte segmentierte Polymere spielen eine Schlüsselrolle bei der Entwicklung von neuen polymeren Materialien. In Abhängigkeit von den molekularen Architekturen der segmentierten Polymeren kann die Ausbildung von Polymermorphologien und von Eigenschaftssynergien gesteuertwerden. An ausgewählten Beispielen werden grundlegende Konzepte und neuere Entwicklungen vorgestellt. Segmentierte Silikon-Flüssigkautschuke, wo unverträgliche Silikonsegmente von zwei mischbaren Oligo(caprolacton)-Segmenten flankiert werden, sind wirkungsvolle Zähmodifikatoren für Epoxidharze. In nanophasenseparierten IPNs auf Basis dieser Silikon-modifizierter Epoxidharze kann die Schlagzähigkeit ohne Verlust der Dimensionsstabilität erhöht werden. Kompatibilisierte Blends aus segmentierten phenolischen Polyurethan- und epoxidfunktionellen Nitril-Flüssigkautschuken bilden diskrete Blend-Mikrophasen, die in Epoxidprepregs dispergiert sind und strukturelles Verkleben von Aluminium in Faser-Metall Laminaten ermöglichen. Reaktive Blendtechnologien werden entwickelt, um während der Polymerverarbeitung, z.B. von Polypropylen/Polyamid 6 Blends, in-situ Phasenvermittler herzustellen. Durch Einbau von definierten Oligo(tetrafluoroethene) Segmenten in Kodensationspolymere werden neben thermischen und mechanischen Eigenschaften auch Oberflächenspannungen und Gasdurchlässigkeiten variiert.
    Notes: Tailor-made segmented polymers play a key role in the development of novel polymeric materials exhibiting unsual bulk and surface properties. As a function of molecular architectures of segmented polymers, it is possible to control polymer morphologies and to achieve property synergisms. Selected examples are presented to illustrate basic concepts and recent developments. Segmented reactive liquid rubbers, containing an immiscible silicone segment flanked by two miscible oligo(caprolactone) segments, are efficient epoxy toughening agents. In such nano-phase-separated silicone-modified IPNs impact strength is improved without sacrificing dimensional stability. Compatibilized blends of segmented phenolic polyurethane and nitrile liquid rubbers produce rubber blend microphases dispersed in epoxy prepregs which are used to bond aluminum sheets in structural laminates. Reactive blending technologies are developed to produce segmented polymers as blend compatibilizers during melt processing, e.g., of polypropylene/polyamide 6 blends. Incorporation of oligo(tetrafluoroethene) segments into various condensation polymers modifies thermal and mechanical properties as well as surface tension and gas permeabilities.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1994.052230104
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    α-Methylidene- and α-Alkylidene-β-lactams from Nonproteinogenic Amino Acids (1991)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 74 (1991), S. 1213-1220 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Treatment of methyl 2-(1-hydroxyalkyl)prop-2-enoates 1 with conc. HBr solution afforded methyl (Z)-2-(bromomethyl)alk-2-enoates 2, which were transformed regioselectively into N-substituted methyl (E)-2- (aminomethyl)alk-2-enoates 3 (SN2 reaction) and into N-substituted methyl 2-(1-aminoalkyl)prop-2-enoates 4(SN2′ reaction). Regiocontrol of nucleophilic attack by amine was accomplished simply by choice of solvent, the SN2 reaction occurring in MeCN and the SN2′ reaction in petroleum ether. Hydrolysis and lactamization afforded β-lactams 7 and 8, containing an exocyciic alkylidene and methylidene group at C(3), respectively.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19910740608
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron microscopy on highly branched polystyrene starshaped polymers (1993)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 194 (1993), S. 1371-1376 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The technique of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) in combination with electron spectroscopic imaging and digitized image processing was used for determination of particle size and size distribution of a starshaped polystyrene sample. The results were compared with measurements of the translational diffusion coefficient Dz from dynamic light-scattering method. The particle diameter dEM achieved by TEM-measurements is in good agreement with the effective hydrodynamic radius Rh from the Stokes-Einstein relationship.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1993.021940511
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization and modification of conducting substrates for ultrathin organic films by scanning tunneling microscopyThis work was supported by the BMFT, Grant No. 03 M. 4008, and by the ESF Additional Activity: Chemistry and Physics of Polymer Surfaces and Interfaces. (1991)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials 3 (1991), S. 51-54 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-9648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.19910030110
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Flow injection analysis estimation of diffusion coefficients of pauci- and polydisperse polymers such as polystyrene sulfonates (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 42 (1991), S. 1969-1977 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Flow injection analysis, often used for determination of diffusion coefficients of nonpolymeric substances, has now been applied to the characterization of pauci- and polydisperse polymers in solution. A relative method was found useful for obtaining moderate quality evaluations of diffusion coefficients and related parameters of polymers. The width at half-height W1/2 of the trace peak is found to be proportional to the number average molecular weight M̄n of pauci- and polydisperse polymers, allowing estimation of M̄r and diffusion coefficients. For sodium polystyrene sulfonates at substantially infinite dilution in 1.0 g L-1 Na2SO4, a linear relation has been observed between the logarithms of the molecular weight M̄n and the mean diffusion coefficient D in the M̄n range of 1000-90,000 g mol-1 or the D range of 30 × 10-7 to 2 × 10-7 cm2 s-1.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1991.070420722
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultimate properties of epoxy resins modified with a polysiloxane-polycaprolactone block copolymer (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 54 (1994), S. 815-826 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Mechanical and fracture mechanics properties of transparent multiphase epoxy resins toughened with various amounts of compatibilized silicone liquid rubbers consisting of polycaprolactone-block-poly(dimethylsiloxane)-block-polycaprolactone triblock copolymer have been investigated. At silicone liquid rubber contents 〈 10 wt % significantly improved toughness has been achieved without adversely affecting thermal and mechanical properties. Fractographic and interferometric methods have been applied to study crack propagation in such silicone-modified resins. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1994.070540612
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Untersuchungen zur Kinetik der Ammoniak-Bildung bei der technischen Zuckergewinnung (1992)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 64 (1992), S. 208-209 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Zuckergewinnung ; Kinetik ; Ammoniak ; Glutamin ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.330640232
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anaerobe Reinigung von Abwässern in Fließbettreaktoren (1992)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 64 (1992), S. 556-558 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.330640618
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