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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 19 (1993), S. 215-220 
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Aminoglycosides ; Drug monitoring ; Netilmicin ; Peak concentration ; Once daily treatment ; Thrice daily treatment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objectives To investigate at what time the peak level should be determined under conventional thrice daily (t.i.d.) administration of the aminoglycoside netilmicin and to study its serum concentrations under once daily (od) treatment to define the required daily dose and to gain information about convenient drug monitoring. Design The design of the study was a consecutive sample trial. Setting The study took place in a university hospital. Patients 41 intubated patients of a surgical ICU who received netilmicin as a short-term infusion over 30 min for life-threatening infections were included in the study. Interventions In 21 patients netilmicin was administered t.i.d. The virtual peak levels which had been determined by pharmacokinetic dosage calculation were compared with the serum concentrations obtained directly after the administration as well as after 15, 30, 60 and 180 min. In 20 patients the netilmicin serum concentrations during od treatment were determined directly before and immediately after the application as well as 0.5, 1, 3, 7 and 12 h later. To achieve a virtual peak level of 25 mg/l and a trough level of 0.5 mg/l individual adjustment of the dosage based on pharmacokinetic calculations was performed. Measurements and results In t.i.d. treatment the serum concentration measured after 30 min was closest to the virtual peak level; therefore, this is the best time to determine the peak level. In od treatment the required daily dose was 7.86 mg/kg body weight (median) in patients with normal renal function. During od dosing the trough level was extremely important in drug monitoring, whereas determination of the high peak level was of doubtful value. Conclusions The peak level should be determined during t.i.d. administration at 30 min. In od treatment the initial daily dose should be 7 mg/kg body weight; in drug monitoring the trough level is very important.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 64 (1992), S. 870-871 
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Linear poly(dimethyl siloxanes) bearing vinyl groups can be converted to crosslinked products by photoinitiated formation of radicals. In chloroform solution the quantum yield indicated by the decrease in double bonds (ΦP) assumes values of 0.9 to 2.5, depending on the type of initiator. It decreases with rising silicon concentration. A ΦP-value of 0.01can be extrapolated for solvent free systems. Under these conditions network formation is particularly efficient with benzoin derivatives. As the content of vinyl groups increases the network density also rises. As is demonstrated by IR spectroscopic studies on benzoin derivatives as initiators and by characterization of the networks built up this way, network formation is almost exclusively due to the vinyl groups.
    Notes: Lineare vinylgruppenhaltige Poly(dimethylsiloxane) können durch eine photoinitiierte Radikalbildung in vernetzte Proben überführt werden. In CHCI3-Lösungen erreichen die Quantenausbeuten der Doppelbindungsabnahme (Φp) Werte von 0,9 bis 2,5 Sie hängen vom Initiatortyp ab und sinken bei Erhöhung der Siliconkonzentration. Für lösungsmittelfreie Systeme kann ein ΦP-Wert von 0,01 extrapoliert werden. Unter solchen Bedingungen erfolgt die Netzwerkbildung besonders effektiv mit Benzoinderivaten. Mit steigendem Vinylgruppengehalt der Silicone erhöht sich die Netzwerkdichte. IR-spektroskopische Untersuchungen mit Benzoinderivaten als Initiator und die Charakterisierung der entstandenen Netzwerke zeigen, daß die Netzwerkbildung fast ausschließlich über die Vinylgruppen abläuft.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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