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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An Extended Linkage Map of Sugar Beet (Beta vulgaris L.) Including Nine Putative Lethal Genes and the Restorer Gene X (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 111 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: An extended genetic map of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) is presented encompassing 177 segregating markers (2 morphological traits, 7 isozymes, and 168 RFLP markers) on 9 linkage groups. The linkage map comprises 1057.3 cM equivalent to an average genetic spacing of 6.0 cM/marker. The length of individual linkage groups varies between 80.7 (group VIII) and 167.4 cM (group VIII). The number of markers per linkage group ranges between 13 and 24. No indication of duplicate regions was found, confirming the true diploid nature of B. vulgaris. Twenty-six markers (15 %) deviated significantly (a = 0.01) from the expected segregation ratio. This distorted segregation was probably caused by linkage with lethal genes. Four such genes (designated Let Ib, Let 5b, Let 6b, Let 8) could be located at discrete positions due to their absolute linkage to skewed RFLP markers. The restorer gene X has been located terminally on linkage group ÜI, 9.6 cM distant from RFLP marker pKP1238.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1993.tb00641.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic Diversity for RFLPs in European Maize Inbreds (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 111 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) have been proposed for predicting the yield potential of different types of cross. Their has been evaluated in 15 flint and 12 dent inbreds from the European maize (Zea mays L.) germplasm as well as in 68 F1 crosses (21 flint × flint, 14 dent × dent, and 33 flint × dent) produced between them. The materials were evaluated for F1 performance and midparent heterosis of grain yield, dry matter content (DMC) and plant height in two environments in Germany. Genetic distances (GDs) between parental lines, calculated from RFLP data of 194 clone-enzyme combinations, showed greater means for flint × dent (0.67) than dent × dent (0.62) and flint × flint (0.55) crosses. Cluster analysis based on GDs resulted in a clear separation of flint and dent lines and agreed well with pedigree information. For the complete set of 64 crosses analyzed (excluding 4 crosses between closely related lines) correlations of GD with F1 performance and heterosis were significant for all traits except F1 performance of DMC. When separate calculations were performed for individual subjets of crosses, correlations of GD with Fl performance and heterosis were significantly positive (0.48 ≤ r ≤ 0.80) for all traits in the flint × flint crosses, but not significant for the subsets of flint × dent and dent × dent crosses. Our results confirm those of previous investigations in that the predictive value of RFLP data is restricted to crosses between lines from the same heterotic group, and cannot be applied to crosses between lines from genetically divergent heterotic groups.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1993.tb00632.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A DNA Probe for Rapid Screening of Sugar Beet (Beta vulgaris L.) Carrying Extra Chromosomes from Wild Beets of the Procumbentes Section (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 107 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Genes from wild species of the Procumbentes section can be transferred to sugar beet chromosomes via translocations. Since large translocations, including for example a gene for nematode resistance, generally result in meiotic disturbances, there is a need to select new diploid resistant beets from progenies of monosomic wild beet addition lines. A dispersed repetitive DNA probe, which is closely correlated with the resistance gene and hybridizes exclusively with wild beet DNA, appears to be highly superior to selection based on isozyme markers. Characteristic ‘fingerprints’ on the available monosomic addition lines reveal the existence of at last 5 different chromosomes in the wild species each housing a gene for nematode resistance. This probe can be used advantageously to identify individuals carrying the intact or fragmented wild beet chromosomes, or even various amounts of translocated chromatin. Strategies are discussed for the identification of new translocation types using straightforward squash dot or Southern hybridization techniques in combination with the wild beet DNA probe.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1991.tb00550.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of RFLP Markers for Barley (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 107 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: A PstI-based genomic library from barley DNA was screened for RFLPs in the three relatively-distant cultivars ‘Alexis’ (2-row spring type), ‘Igri’ (2-row winter type) and ‘Mammut’ (6-row winter type), digested with BamHI, EcoRI and HindIII. 50 % of the 108 DNA fragments studied represented single-copy sequences, 29 % low-copy and 21 % repetitive sequences. The DNA probes were assigned to discrete barley chromosomes with the aid of wheat/barley addition lines. 80 % of the single- and low-copy sequences hybridized with both barley and wheat DNA, whereas most repetitive sequences gave signals only with barley DNA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1991.tb00530.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of gene products of the P1 operon of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 5 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Gene P1 of Mycoplasma pneumoniae, which codes for a major adhesin, is flanked by two sequences with open reading frames designated QRF4 and QRF6 (Inamine et al., 1988b). In order to identify proteins translated from these ORFs, gene fusions between the N-terminus of the RNA replicase of the Escherichia coli bacteriophage MS2 and selected regions of ORF4 and ORF6 were constructed. The corresponding fusion proteins synthesized in Escherichia coli were used to immunize mice. Antisera directed against ORF4-related sequences did not recognize M. pneumoniae antigens in Western blot analysis, but antisera directed against ORF-6-derived fusion proteins reacted with two M. pneumoniae proteins of 40kDa and 90kDa. In addition, some of the antisera also recognized proteins that formed in a sodium dodecyl sulphate/polyacrylamide gel a protein ladder between 115 and 145 kDa.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2958.1991.tb02110.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antisense RNA for components associated with the oxygen-evolving complex and the Rieske iron/sulfur protein of the tobacco thylakoid membrane suppresses accumulation of mRNA, but not of protein (1993)
    Springer
    Planta 190 (1993), S. 305-312 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Antisense RNA ; Nicotiana polypeptides (23 kDa, 33 kDa) ; Rieske iron/sulfur protein ; Posttranscriptional regulation ; Water-oxidizing complex
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Homologous cDNA clones of the nuclear-coded 23- and 33-kDa polypeptides of the oxygen-evolving system, as well as the Rieske iron/sulfur protein, were expressed in antisense or sense orientation under the control of the 35S RNA cauliflower mosaic virus promoter in transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum, L.) in order to modulate stationary concentrations of transcripts for studying relationships between transcript and protein levels. In all instances, in individuals that contained as little as 10% or less of the transcripts of untransformed plants, the corresponding protein levels were not notably altered. This indicates that the mRNA levels for components under study are not rate-limiting for protein accumulation and that severely reduced amounts of these transcripts still allow normal plant development. Over-expression of the 23-kDa polypeptide by the corresponding cDNA integrated in sense orientation resulted in both higher mRNA and protein levels without detectable enhancement of oxygen evolution. At least some of the excess protein was found in the soluble fraction and not associated with the photosystem-II reaction center. An attempt has been made to reconcile the varied responses obtained using these approaches with different expression patterns.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00196958
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytokinins, abscisic acid and light affect accumulation of chloroplast proteins in Lupinus luteus cotyledons without notable effect on steady-state mRNA levels (1994)
    Springer
    Planta 194 (1994), S. 318-327 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Abscisic acid ; Chloroplast proteins ; Cytokinin ; Gene expression ; Lupinus ; Photosynthesis (Light regulation)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Etiolated lupine (Lupinus luteus L.) cotyledons respond in a highly sensitive manner to phytohormones and light. The effects of cytokinin, abscisic acid, gibberellic acid (GA3) and indolylacetic acid (IAA) have been studied at the ultrastructural, steady-state mRNA and protein levels using 15 gene-specific probes for plastid proteins and corresponding antisera. No effect was noted with GA3 and IAA. As in other systems, N6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and abscisic acid (ABA) operated antagonistically. In both instances, the steady-state mRNA levels remained relatively unaffected for plastid-encoded polypeptides, but not for those nuclear-encoded genes that could be tested. On the other hand, synthesis and accumulation of proteins of nuclear and plastid origin varied significantly. Cytokinin strongly promoted the accumulation of cytochrome b 559 and subunit IV of the cytochrome b/f complex, while little effect was observed for cytochrome b 6, the β subunit of the chloroplast ATP synthase or the large subunit of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase. In etiolated seedlings the level of chlorophyll-binding proteins (the 43-kDa chlorophyll a protein of photosystem II and subunits I a, b of photosystem I) was below the level of detectability. Their accumulation in light was promoted by cytokinin and inhibited by ABA though to different extents. Cytochrome b 559 and the 33-kDa polypeptide of the water-oxidizing complex were not detectable in water-(control) and ABA-treated cotyledons. Cytokinin induced the synthesis of these proteins, even in darkness. These results indicate a protein-specific response to phytohormones, which can differ even for polypeptides belonging to the same membrane complex. They also suggest different modes of interaction between hormones and light, quite different phytohormone action in the two compartments, and demonstrate that phytohormones influence the biogenesis of the thylakoid membrane mainly posttranscriptionally.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00197531
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of DNA from a Beta procumbens chromosome fragment in sugar beet carrying a gene for nematode resistance (1990)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 79 (1990), S. 663-672 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Sugar beet ; B. procumbens ; Nematode resistance ; Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis ; DNA probes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary We have begun to apply techniques for the preparation and anaylsis of large DNA segments from sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) addition lines carrying a mitotically stable chromosome fragment from B. procumbens that confers monogenic resistance to the nematode Heterodera schachtii, with a view towards isolating the resistance gene. DNA probes specific for this chromosome fragment were selected, and various methods for cloning genome-specific fragments, including probes from megabase DNA separated in pulsed-field slab gels, are compared. Probes that display high homology to B. procumbens have been used for hybridization of a representative genomic library and for initial step in mapping the chromosome fragment via pulsed-field gel electrophoresis after restriction with infrequently cutting enzymes. Our data indicate that DNA molecules from the entire chomosome fragment can be separated from protoplast DNA lysates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00226881
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Construction of an RFLP map of barley (1991)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 83 (1991), S. 250-256 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Restriction fragment length polymorphism ; Linkage map ; Hordeum vulgare ; Double haploids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary In order to construct an RFLP map of barley, two populations were analyzed using 251 genomic and cDNA markers: one population comprised 71 F1 antherderived double haploid (DH) individuals of an intraspecific cross (IGRI x FRANKA), and the other 135 individuals of an interspecific F2/F3 progeny (VADA x H. spontaneum). The distribution of nonrepetitive clones over the seven barley chromosomes revealed a maximum for chromosome 2H and a minimum for 6H. The polymorphism of the interspecific progeny (76%) clearly exceeded that of the intraspecific progeny (26%) although, based on their pedigrees, IGRI and FRANKA are only distantly related. The contribution of individual chromosomes of the DH parents to the overall polymorphism varied between 8% and 50%. A significant portion (44% versus 10% of the interspecific progeny) of the markers mapped on the DH offspring showed distorted segregation, caused mainly by the prevalence of variants originating from the parent that better responded to in vitro culture (IGRI). In contrast to the interspecific map, probes displaying skewed segregation were clustered on the DH map on discrete segments. The colinear arrangement of both maps covers a distance of 1,453 cM and identifies regions of varying map distances.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00226259
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    RFLP analyses of early-maturing European maize germ plasm (1992)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 83 (1992), S. 1003-1012 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Zea mays L ; RFLPs ; Genetic diversity ; Heterotic groups
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Thirty inbred lines representing a wide range of early-maturing European elite germ plasm of maize (Zea mays L.) were assayed for RFLPs using 203 clone-enzyme combinations (106 DNA clones with restriction enzymes EcoR1 and HindIII). The genetic materials comprised 14 flint, 12 dent, and 4 lines of miscellaneous origin. Objectives were to (1) characterize the genetic diversity for RFLPs in these materials, (2) compare the level of genetic diversity found within and between the flint and the dent heterotic groups, and (3) examine the usefulness of RFLPs for assigning inbreds to heterotic groups. All but two DNA clones yielded polymorphism with at least one restriction enzyme. A total of 82 and 121 clone-enzyme combinations gave single-banded and multiple-banded RFLP patterns, respectively, with an average of 3.9 and 7.7 RFLP patterns per clone-enzyme combination across all 30 inbreds, respectively. Genetic similarity (GS) between lines, estimated from RFLP data as Dice's similarity coefficient, showed considerable variation (0.32 to 0.58) among unrelated inbreds. The mean GS for line combinations of type flint x dent (0.41) was significantly smaller than for unrelated flint lines (0.46) and dent lines (0.46), but there was considerable variation in GS estimates of individual line combinations within each group. Cluster and principal coordinate analyses based on GS values resulted in separate groupings of flint and dent lines in accordance with phylogenetic information. Positioning of lines of miscellaneous origin was generally consistent with expectations based on known breeding behavior and pedigrees. Results from this study corroborated that RFLP data can be used for assigning inbreds to heterotic groups and revealing pedigree relationships among inbreds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00232964
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