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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mineralogy and petrology 45 (1992), S. 231-246 
    ISSN: 1438-1168
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Normierte Lanthaniden-Verteilungsmuster wässeriger Lösungen und deren Präzipitate enthalten Informationen über die verschiedenen physiko-chemischen Bedingungen, denen die Fluidphase während der Mobilisierung der Lanthaniden, der Migration und der Minerogenese ausgesetzt war. Positive Eu- und Yb-Anomalien weisen auf eine Mobilisierung der Lanthaniden bei erhöhten Temperaturen durch eine F−-, OH−-und CO3 2−-arme Lösung. Die positiven Anomalien der Lösung werden jedoch nur dann auf ein Mineral übertragen, wenn dessen Präzipitation in einem niedrigen Temperaturbereich erfolgt. Negative Ce-Anomalien sind Indikatoren oxischer Bedingungen, weshalb ihre Entwicklung im Verlauf einer Siderit-Präzipitation weitgehend ausgeschlossen werden kann. Die Fraktionierung von leichten und schweren Lanthaniden wird von der chemischen Zusammensetzung der Fluidphase und der “mineralogischen Kontrolle” bestimmt. Die Lanthaniden-Verteilungsmuster von Ca-Mineralen erlauben es, deren Mutter-Lösungen in “normal” (Ca/Liganil ≫1) und “Liganden-reich” (Ca/Liganil ≈ 1) zu untergliedern, wobei letztere für Remobilisierungsprozesse typisch sind. Verschiedene minerogenetische Modelle für Spatmagnesite aus der Lagerstätte Radenthein und Siderite aus der Lagerstätte Hüttenberg, beide Kärnten, Österreich, werden vor dem Hintergrund deren Lanthaniden-Verteilung diskutiert. Es wird gezeigt, daß sowohl für die Radenthein-Magnesite als auch für die Hüttenberg-Siderite nur ein nicht-sedimentäres, nicht-metamorphes, wohl aber metamorphogen-metasomatisches minerogenetisches Modell mit der Lanthaniden-Verteilung kompatibel ist.
    Notes: Summary Normalized REE patterns of aqueous solutions and their precipitates bear information on the physico-chemical environments a fluid experienced during REE mobilization, fluid migration and minerogenesis. Positive Eu and Yb anomalies indicate REE mobilization by a F−-, OH−- and CO3 2−-poor fluid in a high-temperature regime, but are only retained by a precipitating mineral if precipitation occurs in a low-temperature environment. Negative Ce anomalies are typical of oxidizing conditions and are unlikely to develop during siderite precipitation. LREE/HREE fractionation is controlled by fluid composition and “mineralogical control”. REE patterns of Ca minerals allow to class the reacting fluids in “normal” (Ca/ligand ≫ 1) and “ligand-enriched” (Ca/ligand ≈ 1), the latter being characteristic for remobilization processes. The Radenthein magnesite and Hüttenberg siderite deposits, both Carinthia, Austria, are discussed and shown to be of non-sedimentary, non-metamorphic, but metamorphogenic metasomatic origin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mineralium deposita 29 (1994), S. 404-413 
    ISSN: 1432-1866
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract In galvanic cell arrangements gold is electrochemically deposited on semiconducting sulfide minerals (pyrite, arsenopyrite, chalcopyrite) from aerated as well as H2S-saturated, gold-bearing 1 M KCl solutions. Observed cell potential differences of about 0.4–0.6 V in setups with one sulfide in aerated (cathode) and the other in H2S-saturated (anode) solutions are comparable with known “self-potentials” of natural sulfide ore bodies. Gold preferentially accumulates on the cathode, i.e. under oxidizing conditions. Linked sulfides of variable composition in the same environment, either oxidizing or reducing, yield potential differences up to 20 mV. Such assemblages simulate conditions typically occurring at surfaces of chemically inhomogeneous single crystals (e.g. zonation). Depending on chemical composition, sulfide minerals show either n- or p-type conductivity. Visible gold is preferentially accumulated on individual domains of sulfide surfaces that act as cathodes, i.e. p-type conductors in n-p junctions. The experimental results are discussed in view of electrochemical accumulation of visible gold on sulfides in nature. Arsenic is the most important element in establishing p-type conductivity of pyrite and arsenopyrite. This feature may explain why As is such a powerful pathfinder in gold exploration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Beta-decay half-lives (T1/2) and delayed-neutron emission probabilities (Pn) of very neutron-rich Cu to As nuclei have been measured, among them the new isotopes77Cu48,79Cu50,81Zn51 and84Ga53. With the T1/2 and Pn-values of now four N ∼-50 ”waiting-point” nuclei known, our hypothesis that the r-process has attained a local β-flow equilibrium araound A∼-80 is further strengthened.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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