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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Soft x-ray pinhole imaging diagnostics for compact toroid plasmas : Eighth topical conference on high—temperature plasma diagnostics (1990)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 61 (1990), S. 2795-2797 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Soft x-ray pinhole imaging has recently become established as a valuable diagnostic for visualization of field reversed configuration (FRC) plasmas in the TRX-2, FRX-C/LSM devices. Gated MCP image converter devices with CsI cathodes and Be filters with a peak response around 11 nm wavelength are used for exposure durations ranging from a few tenths up to several microseconds. Results of experiments with single and Chevron channel plates are discussed along with estimates of linear exposure limitations with both film and CCD cameras as recording media. Plans for multiframe devices on the FRX-C/LSM and the LSX devices are also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1141834
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Debate and Argument (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of child psychology and psychiatry 32 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1469-7610
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.1991.tb01929.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Case-Control Family History Study of Autism (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of child psychology and psychiatry 35 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1469-7610
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Family history data on 99 autistic and 36 Down's syndrome probands are reported. They confirmed a raised familial loading for both autism and more broadly defined pervasive developmental disorders in siblings (2.9% and 2.9%, respectively, vs 0% in the Down's group) and also evidence for the familial aggregation of a lsser'variant of autism, comprising more subtle communication/social impairments or stereotypic behaviours, but not mental retardation alone. Between 12.4 and 20.4% of the autism siblings and 1.6% and 3.2% of the Down's siblings exhibited this lesser variant, depending on the stringency of its definition. Amongst autistic probands with speech, various features of their disorder (increased number of autistic symptoms; reduced verbal and performance ability) as well as a history of obstetric complications, indexed an elevation in familial loading. No such association was seen in the probands without speech, even though familial loading for the lesser variant in this subgroup, was significantly higher than in the Down's controls. The findings suggest that the autism phenotype extends beyond autism as traditionally diagnosed; that aetiology involves several genes; that autism is genetically heterogeneous; and that obstetric abnormalities in autistic subjects may derive from abnormality in the foetus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.1994.tb02300.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prevalence of the Fragile X Anomaly amongst Autistic Twins and Singletons (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of child psychology and psychiatry 34 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1469-7610
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Early screening studies of autistic individuals suggested that up to one-quarter of cases were associated with the Fragile X anomaly. Recent studies find that the usual behavioural phenotype of the Fragile X anomaly is distinct from autism as usually defined, and that a variety of methodological factors contribute to the variability of the prevalence estimates. We report the prevalence of the Fragile X anomaly, using strict cytogenetic criteria, in a large sample of autistic individuals whose diagnosis was confirmed using a standardised diagnostic instrument. The anomaly was detected in 1.6% of tested autistic individuals from a combined sample of: autistic twins; clinic attenders; and, individuals from families multiplex for autism or related cognitive phenotypes. The anomaly was not detected in greater than 2.5% of any of the constituent samples and accounted for only a small proportion of the genetic influences amongst concordant twins and multiplex families. The anomaly was detected in 5% of the 40 tested autistic females, confirming reports that the prevalence of the anomaly is similar amongst autistic individuals of both sexes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.1993.tb01064.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The chemistry of natural enzyme-induced cross-links of proteins (1991)
    Springer
    Amino acids 1 (1991), S. 293-306 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-2199
    Keywords: Amino acids ; Cross-links ; Peroxidases ; Catechol oxidase ; Glutamyl transferase ; Lysyl oxidase ; Resilin ; Fibrin ; Collagen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The cross-linking of protein molecules to form stable supramolecular aggregates capable of acting as protective and supporting structures is a common feature of organisms coping with the stresses of life. These new polymeric forms range from thick rigid structures to thin flexible membranes. The formation of such cross-links must be carefully controlled since more or less than optimal cross-linking could lead to malfunction or even death of the organism. The chemistry of the amino acids converted or directly involved in the formation of these cross-links is complex and a range of new amino acids has been identified. Di- and tri-tyrosines are formed by the action of peroxidases, quinones by catechol oxidases,γ glutamyl lysine iso-peptide bonds by glutamyl transferase and a complex series of lysine- aldehyde derived cross-links induced by lysyl oxidase. These cross-linking mechanisms provide an insight into the complex changes in tissue function during growth of the organism and their effects on the properties of foods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00813999
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence ofL-arginine on glucose mediated collagen cross link precursors in patients with diabetes mellitus (1991)
    Springer
    Amino acids 1 (1991), S. 73-80 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-2199
    Keywords: Collagen cross links ; Glucose mediated cross links ; Diabetes mellitus ; L-arginine ; Long term complications ; Hexosyl lysines ; Glycosylated lysines
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Long term complications of diabetes mellitus are largely due to chemical, structural and mechanical changes of connective tissue proteins involving glucose mediated collagen cross links (GMCC). To date there are only experimental therapeutic approaches for preventing long term complications of diabetes mellitus using the toxic substance aminoguanidine.L-arginine, a nontoxic substance, has been shown to reduce GMCC in animal models of diabetes mellitus. We have now performed a blind placebo controlled study with crossing over of two treatment periods of three months each in 29 patients with diabetes mellitus in order to examine the effect of treatment withL-arginine (2 × 1g daily) on glucose mediated collagen cross links (GMCC). GMCC was evaluated by determining glycosyl lysine (hexosyl lysine) levels in skin punch biopsies. Patients treated byL-arginine showed significantly lower GMCC precursors of skin collagen compared with the placebo treated group (difference of hexosyl lysine as counts/mL/ug hydroxyproline between the first and second skin biopsy 0.11 ± 4.44 vs. 4.03 ± 5.27,t = 2.17,p 〈 0.05). The only side effects ofL-arginine were gastric pain occurring only in patients who did not follow the instructions to takeL-arginine at meals. We conclude thatL-arginine could be useful for treating long term complications of diabetes mellitus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00808093
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Loss of skeletal integrity in rat fetuses from dams treated with histamine H1 antagonists (1993)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 38 (1993), S. C185 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Pregnant Lister Hooded rats were dosed orally with chlorocyclizine (60 mg/kg), promethazine (5 and 10 mg/kg) or doxylamine (500 and 750 mg/kg) (histamine H1 antagonists prescribed for nausea of pregnancy) over the period of organogenesis (days 7–13). Fetuses were removed by caesarian section on day 21 and stained with Alizarin Res S and Alcian Blue for calcified bone and cartilage respectively. There were no significant differences in fetal size with any of the treatments; however, all 3 antagonists caused dose-dependent loss of skeletal integrity and marked fragility compared to the controls. By dosing dams on selected days, skeletal fragility was seen in all fetuses; the most marked effects occurring after dosing on days 10–12. Prolonging the gestation period with progesterone (10 mg/dam orally) resulted in normal sekeletal calcification but fetuses were still very fragile. Therefore, histamine H1 antagonists may interfere with the development of rat fetal joints.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01996454
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of removal of unattached cells on the bio-oxidation rate of pyrite in a fluidised bed reactor (1993)
    Springer
    Biotechnology letters 15 (1993), S. 543-548 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6776
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary The relative significance of attached and unattached bacteria in bio-oxidation was assessed using a fluidised bed reactor. The unattached bacteria were removed from the system after different times in batch culture. Following wasout, the concentration of unattached bacteria recovered rapidly. This was ascribed to desorption of attached bacteria rather than growth of free, unattached bacteria. Throughout the cell depletion and repopulation phase, the rate of pyrite oxidation remained fairly constant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00129334
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Factors affecting bio-oxidation of sulfide minerals at high concentrations of solids: A review (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 42 (1993), S. 1164-1174 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: bio-oxidation ; high solids concentration ; rate limitation ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Bio-oxidation has proved to be a viable process for the oxidative pretreatment of refractory gold-bearing sulfides. Generally, the oxidation rate is maximal at 20% solids for high sulfide content materials [ca. 30% sulfur]. Low grade ores [1% sulfur] have been successfully oxidized at 55% solids, indicating a link between the sulfide grade of the material and the optimal solids concentration for operation. Concentrations of high solids have been reported to lower oxidation rates, increase lag times, and decrease the ultimate extent of oxidation. This review discusses the various factors that have been proposed as causes of these phenomena. The factors include oxygen and carbon dioxide availability, low bacteria-solids ratio; mechanical damage or inhibition of the bacteria, inhibition of bacterial attachment, and the buildup of toxic leach products or other detrimental substances such as some flotation reagents. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260421006
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigation of ethylene/1-octene copolymerization models by carbon-13 NMR (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 51 (1994), S. 547-554 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Statistical reaction models have been used to fit C-NMR spectra for ethylene/1-octene copolymers and to describe the polymerization reaction probabilities. Ten models ranging in complexity from a one-site Bernoulli probability to multiple site second-order Markov systems were studied. Model parameters were determined by fitting the experimental integrations of replicated spectra using a maximum likelihood method. The best fit to the experimental NMR spectra was obtained with a two-site model, one site producing mainly high-density polymer following a Bernoulli probability model, while the second site allows more incorporation of octene following a chain-end controlled probability described by first-order Markov statistics. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1994.070510318
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