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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of regulatory elements involved in stress-induced and organ-specific expression of tobacco acidic and basic β-1,3-glucanase genes (1993)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 21 (1993), S. 451-461 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: β-1,3-glucanase ; organ-specific expression ; pathogenesis-related proteins ; regulatory elements ; tobacco mosaic virus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Infection of tobacco by tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) induces coordinate expression of genes encoding acidic and basic β-1,3-glucanase isoforms. These genes are differentially expressed in response to other treatments. Salicylate treatment induces acidic glucanase mRNA to a higher level than basic glucanase mRNA. Ethylene treatment and wounding strongly induce the basic glucanase genes but have little effect on genes encoding the acidic isoforms. Furthermore, the basic glucanase genes are constitutively expressed in roots and lower leaves of healthy plants, whereas the acidic glucanase genes are not. In order to investigate how these expression patterns are established, we fused promoter regions of an acidic and a basic glucanase gene to the β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene and examined expression of these constructs in transgenic tobacco plants. A fragment of 1750 bp and two 5′-truncated fragments of 650 bp and 300 bp of the acidic glucanase promoter were tested for induction of GUS gene expression after salicylate treatment and TMV infection. Upstream sequences of 1750 bp and 650 bp were sufficient for induction of the reporter gene by salicylate treatment and TMV infection, but the activity of the 300 bp fragment was strongly reduced. The results suggest that the 1750 bp upstream sequence of the acidic glucanase gene contains multiple regulatory elements. For the basic glucanase promoter it is shown that 1476 bp of upstream sequences were able to drive expression in response to TMV infection and ethylene treatment, but no response was found to incision wounding. Furthermore, high GUS activity was found in lower leaves and roots of healthy transgenic plants, carrying the 1476 bp basic glucanase promoter/GUS construct. When the promoter was truncated up to position −446 all activity was lost, indicating that the region between −1476 and −446 of the basic glucanase promoter is necessary for organ-specific and developmentally regulated expression as well as for induced expression in response to infection and other stress treatments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00028803
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of cDNA clones for a virus-inducible, glycine-rich protein from petunia (1990)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 15 (1990), S. 521-523 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00019172
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential induction of acquired resistance and PR gene expression in tobacco by virus infection, ethephon treatment, UV light and wounding (1991)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 17 (1991), S. 1117-1125 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: β-1,3-glucanase ; acquired resistance ; chitinase ; phenylalanine ammonia-lyase ; wound-induced proteins ; UV-induced proteins
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Genes for acidic, extracellular and basic, intracellular pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins of tobacco were studied for their response to tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) infection, ethephon treatment, wounding and UV light. The genes encoding the acidic PR proteins (PR-1, PR-2, PR-3, PR-4 and PR-5) responded similarly to the different forms of stress. They appeared to be highly inducible by TMV, moderately inducible by ethephon treatment and UV light and not inducible by wounding. The genes for the basic counterparts of PR-1, PR-2, PR-3 and PR-5 also displayed a common stress response. However, this response was different from that of the acidic PR proteins. Here, the highest induction was obtained upon ethephon treatment, while the other stress conditions resulted in somewhat lower levels of expression. Most genes for acidic PR proteins are systemically induced in the uninfected upper leaves of TMV-infected plants, whereas the genes encoding the basic PR proteins are not. Increased levels of resistance to TMV, comparable to resistance obtained by pre-infection with the virus, were found in UV-irradiated leaves but not in wounded or ethephon-treated leaves. This indicates that the basic PR proteins are not involved in resistance to TMV infection. Tobacco phenylalanine ammonia-lyase genes were not inducible by the various stress conditions. The implications of these findings in relation to the phenomenon of acquired resistance are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00028729
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis ofcis-regulatory elements involved in induction of a tobacco PR-5 gene by virus infection (1992)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 18 (1992), S. 155-158 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: pathogenesis-related proteins ; tobacco mosaic virus infection ; cis-regulatory elements
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract cis-Regulatory elements involved in tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)-inducible expression were indentified in a tobacco PR-5 gene, encoding an acidic thaumatin-like protein. By fusing upstream sequences of the PR-5 gene to the GUS reporter gene and analysing transgenic plants containing these fusions for local and systemic induction of GUS activity by TMV, it was found that sequences between-1364 and-718 are involved in TMV induction of PR-5 gene expression.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00018471
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Circadian expression and induction by wounding of tobacco genes for cysteine proteinase (1993)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 21 (1993), S. 685-694 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: circadian expression ; papain ; targeting ; thiol protease ; wound induction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Two sets of clones were isolated from a tobacco cDNA library, utilizing as a probe a PCR fragment obtained from tomato cDNA using a degenerate primer based on the sequence of tomato systemin. Contrary to expectation, the clones did not correspond to tobacco homologues of tomato pro-systemin. However, the cDNAs encoded two highly similar proteins with extensive structural homology to cysteine proteinases from a wide range of plant and animal species. Northern blot analyses showed that in unstressed tobacco leaf the genes for the putative proteinases are expressed according to a circadian rhythm. Furthermore, incision wounding enhances the expression approximately six-fold. Other forms of stress, such as infection with tobacco mosaic virus, treatment with ethephon or UV light do not result in induced expression of the tobacco cysteine proteinase genes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00014551
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tobacco proteinase inhibitor I genes are locally, but not systemically induced by stress (1993)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 21 (1993), S. 985-992 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: pathogenesis-related proteins ; signal transduction ; wound induction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A cDNA library of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)-infected tobacco was screened with polymerase chain reaction products obtained using a degenerate primer corresponding to proteinase inhibitor I (PI-I) of tomato and potato. The resulting clones encoded two highly similar, putative tobacco PI-I proteins, indicating that both genes identified in tobacco are probably expressed. The tobacco PI-I's were approximately 50% identical to wound-inducible potato and tomato PI-I and 80% identical to an ethylene-regulated tomato PI-I. Northern blot analyses indicated that healthy tobacco leaf contains only minor amounts of PI-I mRNA, and that the inhibitor genes are induced by TMV infection, salicylate treatment, ethephon spraying, UV light irradiation and wounding. The results indicate that the tobacco PI-I genes are coordinately expressed with the genes for the basic pathogenesis-related proteins. Contrary to PI-I genes of tomato and potato, wound induction of the tobacco genes occurs only locally; the upper, unwounded leaves do not show any wound-induced PI-I gene expression.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00023597
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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