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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Supplemental manganese improves the relative growth, net assimilation and photosynthetic rates of salt-stressed barley (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 84 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Previous results in our laboratory indicated that a reduced Mn concentration in the leaves of barley was highly correlated with the reduced relative growth and net assimilation rates of salt-stressed plants. If Mn deficiency limits the growth of salt-stressed barley, then increasing leaf Mn concentrations should increase growth. In the present study, the effect of supplemental Mn on the growth of salt-stressed barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. CM 72) was tested to determine if a salinity-induced Mn deficiency was limiting growth. Plants were salinized with 125 mol m−3 NaCl and 9.6 mol m−3 CaCl2. Supplemental Mn was applied in 2 ways: 1) by increasing the Mn concentration in the solution culture and 2) by spraying Mn solutions directly onto the leaves. Growth was markedly inhibited at this salinity level. Dry matter production was increased 100% in salt-stressed plants treated with supplemental Mn to about 32% of the level of nonsalinized controls. The optimum solution culture concentration was 2.0 mmol m−3, and the optimum concentration applied to the leaves was 5.0 mol m−3. Supplemental Mn did not affect the growth of control plants. Further experiments showed that supplemental Mn increased Mn concentrations and uptake to the shoot. Supplemental Mn increased the relative growth rate of salt-stressed plants and this increase was attributed to an increase in the net assimilation rate; there were no significant effects on the leaf area ratio. Supplemental Mn also increased the net photosynthetic rate of salt-stressed plants. The data support the hypothesis that salinity induced a Mn deficiency in the shoot, which partially reduced photosynthetic rates and growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1992.tb04710.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Soil water exploitation after fire: competition between Bromus tectorum (cheatgrass) and two native species (1990)
    Springer
    Oecologia 83 (1990), S. 7-13 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Soil water content ; Water use efficiency ; Carbon isotope ratio ; Stipa comata ; Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Causes for the widespread abundance of the alien grass Bromus tectorum (cheatgrass) after fire in semiarid areas of western North America may include: (1) utilization of resources freed by the removal of fireintolerant plants; and (2) successful competition between B. tectorum and individual plants that survive fire. On a site in northwestern Nevada (USA), measurements of soil water content, plant water potential, aboveground biomass production, water use efficiency, and B. tectorum tiller density were used to determine if B. tectorum competes with either of two native species (Stipa comata and Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus) or simply uses unclaimed resources. Soil water content around native species occurring with B. tectorum was significantly lower (P〈0.05) than around individuals without B. tectorum nearby. Native species had significantly more negative plant water potential when they occurred with B. tectorum. Aboveground biomass was significantly higher for native species without B. tectorum. However, the carbon isotope ratio of leaves for native species with B. tectorum was not significantly different from individuals without B. tectorum. Thus, B. tectorum competes with native species for soil water and negatively affects their wate status and productivity, but the competition for water does not affect water use efficiency of the native species. These adverse effects of B. tectorum competition on the productivity and water status of native species are also evident at 12 years after a fire. This competitive ability of B. tectorum greatly enhances its capability to exploit soil resources after fire and to enhance its status in the community.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00324626
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