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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Novel approach for detecting distributed surface-breaking cracks (1994)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 65 (1994), S. 1349-1351 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A novel approach to the problem of detecting finely distributed surface cracks in a structure is proposed. The approach relies on the detection of anisotropy introduced into the surface by an oriented array of cracks and can be used for crack detection even when individual cracks in the array are below the practical threshold of detectability by conventional inspection techniques. The feasibility of detecting anisotropy associated with distributed cracking was established experimentally using: (i) a directional eddy-current probe to detect anisotropy in the effective electrical conductivity and (ii) a line-focused laser-ultrasonic source to detect anisotropy in the attenuation of ultrasonic Rayleigh waves.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.112048
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Possible mechanism for Pb segregation at the solid-liquid aluminium interface (1990)
    Springer
    Il nuovo cimento della Società Italiana di Fisica 12 (1990), S. 813-830 
    Details
    ISSN: 0392-6737
    Keywords: Studies of specific liquid structures ; Diffusion and thermal diffusion ; Solubility, segregation and mixing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Summary We have used a simple quasi-static model to study the microscopic behaviour of a Pb ion in the region of the solid-liquid interface of aluminium. Calculations make use of anab initio potential, not used before in the literature. The potential field experienced by the Pb ion has a characteristic structure, leading to anisotropic diffusion and segregation processes, depending on the orientation of the interface plane. This is qualitatively related to experimental findings.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02464756
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface energy balance, parameterizations of boundary-layer heights and the application of resistance laws near an Antarctic Ice Shelf front (1990)
    Springer
    Boundary layer meteorology 51 (1990), S. 123-158 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1472
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A study of the surface energy balance with turbulent fluxes obtained by the Monin-Obukhov similarity theory and a comparison with results for resistance laws are presented for the strong baroclinic conditions in the vicinity of the Filchner/Ronne Ice Shelf front. The data are taken from a field experiment in the Antarctic summer season 1983/84. For the first time in the coastal Antarctic region, this data set comprises synchronous energy balance measurements over the polynya and the ice shelf together with soundings of the boundary layer, yielding vertical profiles of the wind velocity and temperature over the ice shelf, at the ice shelf front and over the polynya. Over the ice shelf, the radiation balance is the largest component of the energy fluxes and is mainly compensated by the subsurface energy flux and the turbulent heat flux in the daily mean. Over the polynya, turbulent fluxes of sensible and latent heat lead to large energy losses of the water surface in the night-time and in situations of very low air temperatures. Different parameterizations for boundary-layer height are compared using tethered sonde and energy balance measurements. With the height of the inversion base over the polynya and the height of the critical bulk Richardson number over the ice shelf, external parameters for the application of resistance laws were determined. The comparison of turbulent surface fluxes obtained by the energy balance measurements and by the resistance laws shows good agreement for the convective conditions over the polynya. For the stably stratified boundary layer over the ice shelf with small amounts of the turbulent heat flux, the deviation is large for the case of a cold air outflow with a superposed inertial oscillation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00120464
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic structure and spectrum of Cr3+ in LiCaAlF6 (1991)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 84 (1991), S. 255-261 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The electronic structure and spectrum of Cr3+ in LiCaAlF6 are investigated by using the discrete variatitional-local density functional (DV-LDF) method with embedded cluster model. The clusters (CrF6)3− withC 3,D 3d andO h point group symmetries embedded in the crystal are treated. The one-electron energy levels, densities of states, orbital populations, spin polarization splittings and energies of some terms are calculated. The results show that the relaxation of F− ions around the Cr3+ impurity is inevitable, and that theD 3d andO h (CrF6)3− clusters, with an extended bond-lengthR(Cr−F) chosen to be equal to 1.88 Å can represent this relaxation in a much better way. All the ligand-field transition energies, which are obtained from the transition-state energy and the Griffith parameters, as yielded by a restricted one-electron DV-LDF calculation, compare well with the experimental ones.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01313546
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Slow crack growth in polyethylene: A novel predictive model based on the creep of craze fibrils (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 54 (1994), S. 2119-2124 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: An extensive series of homopolymers and copolymers has been investigated to test earlier indications of a possible link between resistance to slow crack growth and creep of macroscopic oriented samples. It was found that in the majority of cases a good correlation exists between a single creep parameter and slow crack growth. The existence of such a correlation supports the model presented, in which crack growth is primarily controlled by the creep of fibrils spanning the craze zone. The limit of improvement achievable by increasing molecular weight and the greater effectiveness of short-chain branching to improve fibril creep have been highlighted. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1994.070541314
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