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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Serum from pregnant women carrying a fetus with neural tube defect is teratogenic for rat embryos in culture (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 96 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. Sera from 13 pregnant women carrying a fetus with a neural tube defect, and from 13 control women with normal pregnancies at the same stage of gestation were used in the culture of postimplantation rat embryos. Serum from women with normal pregnancies had no adverse effect on rat embryo growth and development. Serum from 10 of the women with affected fetuses had a deleterious effect on the rat embryos as abnormalities of neural tube closure were observed in 28% of the conceptuses compared to only 1·3% of the embryos cultured in control scrum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1989.tb01573.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Resolution of candidal lesions of the dorsal rat tongue by ketoconazole (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral pathology & medicine 17 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0714
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The purpose of this study was to determine whether the mucosal alterations of the dorsal rat tongue produced by Candida albicans infection were reversible upon treatment with the antifungal drug ketoconazole. Following experimentally-produced infection, 17 rats showed clinical evidence of persistent lesions over a period of 20 weeks. Eight of these animals were then treated with ketoconazole daily for 2 weeks (20 mg/kg/day). Appropriate non-infected controls and ketoconazole-only controls were also maintained. Five weeks after the ketoconazole treatment, all animals were killed and the dorsal tongues evaluated clinically and histologically. Control groups showed no abnormalities. Of the 8 animals in the treated-lesion group, all showed lesional resolution, while only 2 of the 9 animals in the untreated-lesion group showed resolution of their lesions (p=0.002). These findings indicate that the epithelial changes produced by this candidal isolate for this period of time are reversible.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0714.1988.tb01517.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differences in mucosal reaction related to Candida albicans isolates (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral pathology & medicine 16 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0714
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In order to examine the behavior of Candida albicans in an oral mucosal model, 16 isolates of the organism were collected from a variety of clinical settings and were inoculated weekly, in equal numbers and concentrations, into the mouths of separate groups of 20 female Sprague-Dawley rats. Oral swabs were taken bi-weekly in order to monitor the presence of the yeast. After 16 weeks, the animals were killed and the tongues were examined grossly and histologically. Six isolates demonstrated the ability to produce characteristic dorsal tongue lesions to varying degrees (1/20; 1/20; 1/20; 2/20; 3/20; and 12/20). Of the remaining 10 isolates, 5 showed hyphal penetration of the keratin layer of the dorsal tongue epithelium, yet no mucosal reaction was elicited and no lesion was produced (1/19; 2/19; 4/20; 5/20 and 5/20). These findings support the concept that C. albicans exhibits a spectrum of mucosal pathogenicity for dorsal rat tongue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0714.1987.tb00693.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of Trypan Blue on Rat Embryos (1960)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 187 (1960), S. 605-607 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] During our own preliminary investigations into the action of trypan blue it was found that the commercial sample used was grossly impure. A brief survey (Table 1) of the purity of various other commercial samples showed that the chief impurity was sodium chloride, which is used for the salting out ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/187605a0
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dosage – Response Curves for the Teratogenic Activity of Trypan Blue (1964)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 201 (1964), S. 1136-1137 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] At 8.5 days of gestation (timed by vaginal smearing), inbred Wista.r rats were injected subcutaneously with 5, 12.5, 25, 37.5, 50, 75, 100 or 200 mg/kg of trypan blue in the free acid form (control trypan blue (C)7). Controls received 5 ml/kg of isotonic saline. At 20.5 days the rats were killed, ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/2011136b0
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chromium-titanium-antimony oxide composite anodes: Electro-organic oxidations (1987)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 17 (1987), S. 914-924 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract An activated titanium electrode with an oxide layer, composed of a mixture of Cr2O3, TiO2 and Sb2O3 (optimal mole ratio chromium:titanium:antimony about 2∶1∶1) has been fabricated by thermal decomposition of the chlorides on a titanium substrate at 650°C. The black-green layer adheres well and has a thickness in the order of micrometres. Its structure is explained using a pore model, based on SEM, AES and electrochemical results. Service life time of electrodes in 1 M H2SO4 for oxidation of isopropanol in terms of the turn over factor of Cr2O3 is between 100 and 400. Preparative electro-organic oxidation of isopropanol, tetrahydrofuran and ethylbenzene have been performed with current densities of 0.5 to 5 mA cm−2. The current efficiencies for the main products, acetone, γ-butyrolactone and acetophenone are 100, 53 and 20%, respectively. These results parallel those of the homogeneous oxidation with chromic acid in solution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01024357
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The redox mechanism of the chelate-catalysed oxygen cathode (1977)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 7 (1977), S. 239-245 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract The electro-reduction of oxygen is effectively catalysed by metal chelates of the N4-type. The mechanism of this process has been found to be a modified ‘redox catalysis’. O2 molecules and the products of their reaction, at least up to H2O2, remain strongly co-ordinated to the central metal ion of the chelates XMeII. The potential-determining step, which regenerates the reduced form, is the following: (XMeIII...O2H)++H++ 2e→XMeII+H2O2. H2O2 is further decomposed via the catalase action of the electrocatalyst. The mechanism is confirmed by experimental results with iron phthalocyanine (FePc) and cobalt-dibenzotetraazaannulene (CoTAA) as a O2-slurry electrode at various O2 pressures. The latter shows anodic reaction-limited currents, which seem to involve also oxygen-containing intermediates. The implication of the presented mechanism in regard to other electrochemical processes is discussed briefly.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00618991
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Positive polyacetylene electrodes in aqueous electrolytes (1985)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 15 (1985), S. 159-166 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Polyacetylene films, contacted with platinum mesh, have been polarized anodically in aqueous H2SO4, HClO4, HBF4 and H2F2 of medium concentrations (30–70 wt%). Two oxidation peaks are observed, the equivalents of which are 1 $${\text{(1) 0}}{\text{.045 F mol}}^{ - {\text{1}}} {\text{ CH (2) 0}}{\text{.23 F mol}}^{ - {\text{1}}} {\text{ CH}}$$ The potential of the Process 1 decreases linearly with increasing acid concentration by 20–40 mV mol−1 dm−3, while the potential of Peak 2 exhibits normal Nernst behaviour (about + 60 mV decade−1. Process 1 is partially reversible, while Process 2 is totally irreversible. From these findings for Process 1 we conclude the reversible insertion of anions into the polyacetylene host lattice, which is primarily oxidized to the polyradical cation, with the co-insertion of acid molecules HA to yield the insertion compound [(CH)+·yA−·vyHA] x y⩽4.5% andv=1.5 for H2SO4 and HClO4. In the course of Process 2, the polymer is irreversibly oxidized according to $$( - ^ \cdot {\text{CH}} \cdot \cdot \cdot \cdot \cdot \cdot \cdot \cdot ^ \oplus {\text{ CH}} - )_{x/2} + 2{\text{H}}_{\text{2}} {\text{O}} \to ( - \mathop {\text{C}}\limits_{\mathop \parallel \limits_{\text{O}} } \cdot \cdot \cdot \cdot \cdot \cdot \cdot \cdot \mathop {\text{C}}\limits_{\mathop \parallel \limits_{\text{O}} } - )_{x/2} + 6{\text{H}}^{\text{ + }} + 5e^ - $$ As this process occurs to some extent even in the potential region of Process 1, a continuous degradation of the host lattice occurs upon cycling.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00620929
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrocoating of iron and other metals with polypyrrole (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 19 (1989), S. 401-409 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Galvanostatic electrodeposition of polypyrrole from more than 20 nonaqueous and aqueous electrolytes containing anions such as BF 4 − , ClO 4 − , HSO 4 − , Tos−, HCO 3 − , H2PO 4 − , HPO 4 2− , H2BO 3 − and NO 3 − at the substrates Pt, Au, Cu, Ti, stainless steel/V2A and Fe was investigated. The passivating substrates Pt, Au, Ti and V2A could be electrocoated under a broad variety of conditions. Cu dissolved anodically. The same was true for Fe with only one important exception, namely aqueous nitrate. Smooth, well-adhering polypyrrole layers were obtained on iron at NO 3 − concentrations of 0.01–1 M and at current densities of 0.5–10 mA cm−2. The degree of insertion for nitrate ions was abouty=0.25, confirmed by elemental analysis. Current efficiencies with regard to thisy were about 90%. The layers were stable in air for a long time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01015243
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bemerkungen zum Kleinschen Paradoxon (1963)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 171 (1963), S. 189-198 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The problem of stationary energy eigenstates of relativistic spin 1/2-particles in external potentials exceeding twice the particles rest mass (Klein's paradox) is investigated, neglecting the interaction of the particles with the radiation field. This corresponds to theH 0 of the “bound state interaction representation” in quantum electrodynamics. For simplicity, explicit calculations are based on a one dimensional square well potential. In potentials of this type which vanish at infinity and which do not become critically singular at the origin there always exists a stationary ground state of fixed total charge. Though this state, naturally, cannot be attributed to a sharp number of particles, no real paradox occurs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01379347
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