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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Retinal adaptations in some Brazilian tide pool fishes (teleostei) (1976)
    Springer
    Zoomorphology 83 (1976), S. 209-226 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-234X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In zehn Arten aus ebenso vielen Familien werden Anpassungser-scheinungen der Retinastruktur an ein „tide pool”-Milieu untersucht. Die einzelnen Fische lassen sich einteilen in typische und zeitweilige „tide pool” Bewohner. Nach dem Bau der Netzhaut kann man drei verschiedene Gruppen unterscheiden: 1. über-wiegend visuell orientierte Tiere (gute Sehschärfe, hohe Empfindlichkeit); 2. Tiere mit Anpassung an Dämmerungssehen (hohe Empfindlichkeit auf Kosten der Sehschärfe); 3. Arten mit geringer Sehtüchtigkeit.
    Notes: Summary Retinal adaptations to a tide pool environment in ten species of fishes belonging to as many families were studied. These fishes may be grouped into typical or temporary tide pool inhabitants. The retinal structure of these forms may be grouped into three categories viz. 1. visually dependent (good acuity and sensitivity), 2. specialised for dim environments (high sensitivity at the cost of acuity), and 3. poor visual ability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00993510
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Accommodation in anuran Amphibia and its role in depth vision (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 158 (1986), S. 133-143 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1. In order to analyse the mechanism of accommodation in anurans, drugs (miotic or atropine) were applied to the cornea of anaesthetized animals to change the refractive state of their eyes. During such changes, the lens and cornea were photographed and the refractive state of the eye was measured using laser speckle refractometry. Measurements taken from the photographs confirmed suggestions by Beer (1898) that accommodation is achieved by moving the lens and not by changing the shape of the lens or cornea. The change in refractive state induced by pharmacological manipulation was about 10 diopters with an accompanying shift in lens position of about 150 μm. Calculations based on a schematic eye suggest a disparity between the amount of lens movement theoretically needed to produce a 10 D shift in refractive state and the amount actually observed. 2. The lens is probably moved by two protractor lentis muscles which are positioned so as to pull the lens towards the cornea (Tretjakoff 1906, 1913). Dissection and HRP preparations revealed that these muscles are innervated by fibres of the oculomotor nerve which relay in the ciliary ganglion. InR. esculenta andR. pipiens, the ciliary ganglion consists of only 8 to 12 nerve cells. 3. MS222 anaesthesia and lymphatic injection of curare cause the lens to move away from the cornea, presumably because they destroy the resting tonus of the protractor lentis muscles. We discuss this finding in relation to the frog's ‘resting’ accommodative state, and conclude that unparalysed frogs are likely to be myopic, and not emmetropic as previous work suggests. 4. Prey capture was analysed inR. pipiens after the disruption of accommodation by bilateral section of the oculomotor nerve. Estimates of prey distance remained accurate when vision was binocular. However, during monocular vision, when the oculomotor nerve was sectioned on one side and the other eye was either occluded or had its optic nerve cut, frogs consistently underestimated the distance of their prey. This result suggests, in agreement with earlier evidence, that accommodation is used for judging depth when vision is limited to one eye, but that binocular information predominates when it is available. 5. Atropine applied to the cornea of monocular frogs also causes distance to be underestimated. It is argued from this that frogs assess distance by monitoring the motor commands sent to their accommodative muscles, rather than by using sensory information from the muscles themselves.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00614527
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A microprobe analysis of Gomori-positive glial cells in the rat arcuate nucleus (1978)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 55 (1978), S. 147-157 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Astrocytes and microglial cells in the arcuate nucleus of the rat hypothalamus contain lipofuscin-like granules which react with chrome alum gallocyanin and exhibit endogenous peroxidase activity. These granules were assessed with energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis and compared to neuronal dense bodies and glial cytoplasm. The granules are distinguished by a consistent content of sulphur and a frequent presence of calcium. The localization of other elements such as iron, copper, potassium and chlorine is impaired by methodical difficulties. The sulphur content as well as the endogenous peroxidase activity is interpreted as indicating a special variant of lipofuscin. The presence of calcium is discussed with respect to recent concepts of glia as a regulator of the ionic environment of the CNS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00493517
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glycoprotein metabolism in the hypothalamus of rat: Significance of glial cells (1975)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 45 (1975), S. 289-297 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Incorporation of 3H-fucose injected into the CSF was studied in hypothalamus and hypophysis of rats by biochemical and autoradiographic techniques. The concentration of radioactivity was determined as a function of time from 10 minutes to 28 days in the acid soluble and the acid precipitable fraction of homogenates. The incorporated activity was localized by light microscopic autoradiography in several regions of the hypothalamus. The labelled proteins were transported to the pars nervosa at a velocity of 1.1 to 3.3 mm/hr, i.e. in the fast component of the axoplasmic flow. Differences were found between hypothalamic and pars nervosa tissue regarding rates of increase and maximum concentrations of protein-bound radioactivity. Values for both parameters were about 6 times higher in hypothalamus than in pars nervosa. On the basis of the autoradiographic observations it is concluded that this difference may be due to a considerably higher synthesis rate of glycoproteins in glial cells than in neurons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00492631
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Poor decay of correlations in inhomogeneous fluids and solids and their relevance for the physics of phase boundaries (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of statistical physics 45 (1986), S. 815-841 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9613
    Keywords: Inhomogeneous equilibrium states ; phase boundaries ; stresstensor ; poor decay of correlation ; static susceptibilities
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We study the poor decay of correlations for equilibrium states of inhomogeneous fluids and solids, in the regimes of both classical and quantum statistical mechanics. Our main observation is the usefulness of the statistical mechanical expression of thestress tensor and its long-range correlations with the particle density. From this we are able to infer a very slow decay of correlations for the various molecular distribution functions under discussion. The derived results are of relevance both for completely inhomogeneous systems such as quasicrystals or granular structures and for the slightly more regular cases of, e.g., phase separating layers in fluids and solids, ideal crystals, etc. As one of the byproducts we prove the nonexistence of planequantum interfaces in two dimensions (thus extending earlier results of Requardt to the quantum regime). The results hold for arbitrary potentials of not too long range.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01020576
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An algorithm for asymptotic approximation of Laplace integrals (1977)
    Springer
    Computing 18 (1977), S. 51-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5057
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Durch ein einfaches Rechenverfahren werden asymptotische Approximationen für Laplace-Integrale erzeugt, die von höherer Ordnung sind als diejenigen, die man bei direkter Anwendung von Watsons Lemma erhält.
    Notes: Abstract A simple algorithm produces asymptotic approximations to Laplace integrals which are of higher order than those obtained by direct application of Watson's lemma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02248776
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stellungnahmen und Erwiderungen zu der Arbeit / Comments and Remarks on (1979)
    Springer
    International journal of legal medicine 83 (1979), S. 147-147 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-1596
    Keywords: Penetration power, of spherical or ogival projectiles ; Projectile velocities ; Shot, penetration power of bullets ; Schuß, Geschoßgeschwindigkeit ; Geschoßgeschwindigkeiten ; Durchschlagskraft, bei verschiedenartigen Projektilen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Law
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02092271
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Erwiderung zur Stellungnahme von Dr. W. Dammermann (1979)
    Springer
    International journal of legal medicine 83 (1979), S. 155-161 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-1596
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Law
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02092273
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tierexperimentelle Untersuchungen über den Blutalkoholabbau im standardisierten hämorrhagischen Schock (1976)
    Springer
    International journal of legal medicine 77 (1976), S. 79-89 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-1596
    Keywords: Blutalkoholabbau im Schock ; Schock ; Alkoholabbau
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Law
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Nach einer Alkoholbelastung von 3 g Äthanol pro Kilogramm reduziertem Körpergewicht und nach einem 1-stündigen Diffusionsausgleich wurde unter einer Halothan-N2O/O2-Narkose an Bastardhunden unter standardisierten Bedingungen ein Blutverlust von 30 bis 40 % der Gesamtblutmenge erzeugt. Über eine Versuchsdauer von 3 Stunden wurden alle 30 Minuten BAK-Bestimmungen nach der ADH-Methode durchgeführt. Gegenüber der Kontrolltieren fand sich bei den Versuchstieren im hämorrhagischen Schock im vergleichbaren Beobachtungszeitraum eine signifikante Verzögerung des mittleren Gesamtabbaus p = 0,005 (U-Test mit Rangauflistung).
    Notes: Summary Ethanol at a dosage of 3 g/kg reduced body weight was injected i.v. into mongrel dogs resulting in a blood alcohol concentration of approximately 2.9 mg/ml. One hour after injection the dogs were anaesthetized with halothane-N2O/O2 and blood was withdrawn until the blood pressure was reduced to 40 mm Hg. This usually required removal of about 30 – 40 % of the total blood volume. The resulting haemorrhagic shock was ascertained by monitoring blood pH, pCO2, pO2, lactate, pyruvate and blood electrolytes. A blood specimen for enzymatic alcohol determination (ADH) was obtained every 30 min over a period of 3 hours. Compared with equally dosed controls the dogs in haemorrhagic shock showed a significant (p = 0.005) reduction of the blood alcohol decay rate (β) which is explained by 1) the diminished blood flow through the liver and 2) the hypoxaemic metabolic situation in shock.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02114855
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die Gefährlichkeit der „freien“ 4 mm Faustfeuerwaffen (1976)
    Springer
    International journal of legal medicine 77 (1976), S. 201-218 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-1596
    Keywords: Faustfeuerwaffen Kal. 4 mm ; Schußverletzungen, tödliche mit Kal. 4 mm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Law
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Verschiedene Modelle der “freien” Revolver 4 mm lang Randzünder wurden im Originalzustand hinsichtlich ihrer Gefährlichkeit überprüft. Parallel zu Messungen der Bewegungsenergien der Geschosse wurden Leichenversuche durchgeführt. Bei Verwendung von Waffen im Originalzustand lagen die Bewegungsenergien mit Originalmunition unter der gesetzlichen Grenze von 7,5 J. Tödliche Verletzungen mit Lungen- und Herzschüssen konnten mit jeder Waffe erzielt werden; in einem Fall kam es zur Penetration des os temporale über einer Gefäßusur. Durch Verschluß der Gasdruckentlastungszüge mittels einfachen Zweikomponentenklebers (an einer Waffe demonstriert) konnte die Bewegungsenergie der Geschosse um 45 % gesteigert werden. Erfolgte dazu noch eine Änderung an der Munition durch einfaches Einfüllen von zusätzlichem Treibladungsmittel, so konnte sogar eine Steigerung um ca. 220 % festgestellt werden. Alleinige Änderung an den Patronen in der vorgeschriebenen Weise erbrachten mit Waffen im Originalzustand eine Steigerung um ca. 75%. In jedem Fall wurden hierbei tödliche Verletzungen im Brustkorbbereich und am Kopf erzielt. Nach diesen Untersuchungsergebnissen wurden Vorschläge zur Änderung des Bundeswaffengesetzes und weiterer rechtlicher Maßnahmen unterbreitet.
    Notes: Summary Different models of revolvers (cal 4mm, long), which are obtainable without special permission in Germany, were examinated as to their dangerousness. Both measurements of the kinetic energy of the missiles and investigations on cadavers were performed. Firing of the weapon in its original state yielded kinetic energies of the missiles well below the legal limit of 7,5 Joule. However, even then, fatal injuries of lung and heart could be demonstrated (In one case the os temporale was penetrated). Alteration of the revolver by closing the gas pressure releasing channels with expoxy resin yielded an increase by 45 % of the kinetic energy of the missiles. If, in addition, the propelling charge of the ammunition was augmented with some more gun powder the kinetic energy of the missiles rose by 220 %, while such altered ammunition alone caused an increase of 75 %. In every case fatal injuries on head and thorax could be produced. Based on the results of this investigation proposals to amend the existing laws were made.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02114349
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