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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of gynecology and obstetrics 242 (1987), S. 374-375 
    ISSN: 1432-0711
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Zeitschrift für angewandte Mathematik und Physik 22 (1971), S. 805-805 
    ISSN: 1420-9039
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 331 (1988), S. 351-354 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Fig. 1 Voltage records obtained from frog taste-receptor cells in the whole-cell patch configuration during current clamp, a, Control; 6, with protein kinase inhibitor (1 |JiM); c, with purified catalytic subunit of cAMP kinase (7 jxM). Records begin at the time of patch breakage. The zero-current ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Zeitschrift für angewandte Mathematik und Physik 25 (1974), S. 667-667 
    ISSN: 1420-9039
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 167 (1917), S. 267-279 
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Kartoffelstärkekörner sind wegen ihrer glatten, runden Konturen ein sehr günstiges Objekt zum Studium des Haftens fester Partikel an Flüssigkeitsgrenzen. Sie adhärieren an der Grenze von Wasser und von äther, Butylalkohol, Amylalkohol, Chloroform, Benzol, Petroleum, Paraffinöl der Reihenfolge nach zunehmend besser. Ihre Grenzadhäsion wird durch Ansäuern des Wassers, in dem sie suspendiert sind, oder durch Zusatz von Kochsalz, besonders aber durch Sättigung mit Ammonsulfat erhöht. Durch Abänderung der Versuchsbedingungen kann man so an Stärkekörnern die Erscheinungsformen der Grenzadhäsion: teil weises und quantitatives, vorÜbergehendes und dauerndes Haften, Zusammenballung der Partikel durch anhaftende Flüssigkeitstropfen (Flockung), Emulsion der zweiten Flüssigkeit, in allen Einzelheiten zur Erscheinung bringen. Dies sowie die mikroskopische Beobachtung, dass die Berührungsfläche der Stärkekörner mit der zweiten Flüssigkeit sehr leicht verschieblich ist, ist für die Theorie des Haftens von Bedeutung. Die Versuche an Stärkekörnern sollen ferner zum Studium der Erscheinungen an Stärkekleister hinÜberführen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 405 (1985), S. 285-293 
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Cardiac myocytes ; Ca current ; Isoprenaline ; Cyclic AMP ; cAMP-Dependent protein kinase ; Protein phosphorylation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Dose-response relations for the increase in the amplitude of Ca current (I Ca) on external application of isoprenaline (ISP) and internally applied cyclic AMP (cAMP) or catalytic subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase (C subunit) were established in single ventricular cells of the guinea pig. An intracellular dialysis technique was used. The threshold concentration was for ISP 10−9 M, for cAMP 3 μM (pipette concentration to which 10−5 M 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine was added) and for C subunit around 0.4 μM (pipette concentration). The concentrations for the half-maximal effect were 3.7×10−8 M (ISP), 5.0 μM (cAMP) and 0.95 μM (C subunit) and for the maximum effect 10−6 M (ISP), 15–20 μM (cAMP) and 3–4 μM (C subunit). For all three agents the maximum increase in the Ca current density was similar (a factor of 3–4), suggesting that they converge on the same site of the Ca channel. Accordingly, the effects of cAMP and C subunit onI Ca were non-additive to those of ISP. From these data the relationship both between concentrations of ISP and cAMP and between those of cAMP and active C subunit in terms of their effects onI Ca could be estimated and were compared with those obtained in broken cell preparations. A competitive inhibitor of phosphorylation, 5′-adenylyl-imidodiphosphate (5 mM), greatly reduced the effects of ISP and C subunit onI Ca. Cell dialysis with 3 mM adenosine-5′-(γ-thio)-triphosphate, which produces a dephosphorylationresistant phosphorylation, markedly potentiated the effects of ISP and cAMP onI Ca. The results support the hypothesis that phosphorylation of a protein within, or close to, the Ca channel by cAMP-dependent protein kinase is the mechanism of β-adrenergic stimulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 407 (1986), S. 123-128 
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Guinea pig heart ; Ca current ; Phosphorylation cycle
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The calcium current (I Ca) in the heart is increased by phosphorylation of a protein which is part of, or close to, the Ca channel. The phosphorylation is catalysed by cAMP-dependent protein kinase (cAMP-PK). The question whether dephosphorylated channels are available to open on depolarization was examined in ventricular myocytes of guinea pig by recording whole cellI Ca during dialysis with either regulatory (R) subunit of cAMP-PK or protein kinase inhibitor (PKI) or adenosine-5′-(γ-thio)-triphosphate (ATPγS). The following results were obtained: 1) R subunit reduced and PKI reversed the isoprenaline (ISP)-induced enhancement ofI Ca, suggesting their ability to inhibit cAMP-PK. 2) R subunit and PKI, however, reduced basal (i.e. non β-adrenergically stimulated)I Ca only by about 20%. 3) Dialysis with ATPγS resulted in a slow increase in basalI Ca, presumably due to dephosphorylation-resistant thiophosphorylation. 4) When, however, the cell was dialyzed with PKI the effect of ATPγS was almost completely suppressed, suggesting no detectable phosphorylation related to the channel activity in this condition. These results support the view that even in the dephosphorylated state Ca channels are available to open on depolarization and that phosphorylation by cAMP-PK increases the opening probability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 18
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Skinned coronary arteries ; Smooth muscle ; Regulation of contractile tone ; cAMP-dependent protein kinase ; cAMP-dependent modulation of contractile tone ; Calmodulin ; Calcium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Maximally contracted detergent skinned coronary smooth muscle fibres are relaxed by lowering the concentration of free Ca2+. The extent and rate of relaxation depends on the concentration of free Ca2+ and calmodulin (CaM) suggesting that it is the Ca2+. CaM complex which is responsible for maintaining tension. At a fixed concentration of Ca2+ and CaM further relaxation can be achieved by addition of the catalytic subunit of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase (cAMP-kinase). The extent as well as the relaxation rate depend on the concentration of cAMP-kinase (0.01–0.5 μM) and both are antagonized by high concentrations of Ca2+ and CaM. The Ca2+-requirement for obtaining half maximal concentration is shifted from 1.1 μM to 6.3 μM Ca2+ in the presence of 0.5 μM cAMP-kinase. These data indicate that the response of the contractile apparatus to a change in the free [Ca2+] can be modulated by cAMP-kinase at the level of the contractile proteins. It is further suggested that the tone of coronary smooth muscle is determined by the relative and not by the absolute concentrations of Ca2+, CaM and cAMP-kinase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 19
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: cGMP ; cGMP-dependent protein kinase ; Cyclie nucleotides in skinned smooth muscle ; Skinned guinea pig taenia coli ; Skinned chicken gizzard
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effect of cGMP and cGMP-dependent protein kinase (cG-PK) on contraction and relaxation was studied in skinned smooth muscle fibers from guinea pig taenia coli and chicken gizzard. At a fixed [Ca2+] relaxation was significantly enhanced by activated cG-PK in fibers from guinea pig taenia coli, but not in those from chicken gizzard. The Ca2+-requirement for half maximal tension maintenance was shifted to the right. Relaxation was associated with a decline in phosphorylated myosin light chain-2 from 34% to 25%. Similarly to relaxation activated cG-PK inhibited tension development only in fibers from taenia coli. These results suggest that mammalian and chicken smooth muscle fibers respond differently to cG-PK.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Reviews of physiology, biochemistry and pharmacology 15 (1916), S. 238-339 
    ISSN: 1617-5786
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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