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  • 1985-1989  (3)
  • 1970-1974
  • Biochemistry and Biotechnology  (2)
  • Neuritic plaques  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of four staining methods on the detection of neuritic plaques (1989)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 78 (1989), S. 22-27 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Neuritic plaques ; Alzheimer disease ; Down syndrome ; Normal aging ; Immunostaining
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The sensitivities of four staining methods for detecting the presence of neuritic plaques in the normal aging. Alzheimer disease (AD) and Down's syndrome (DS) brains were compared. The Bielschowsky method and immunostaining with monoclonal antibody (4G8, IgG2b) to β-amyloid revealed the highest numbers of plaques. The thioflavin S-staining method showed about 38%–70% of plaques as shown by the Bielschowsky method. The Bodian method is the least sensitive method revealing about 26%–39% of plaques as compared with the Bielschowsky method. In the first part of this study, serial sections (6 μm) of the plaques from AD and DS brains were cut and stained with Bielschowsky, thioflavin S and Bodian methods, respectively. In the second part, Bielschowsky and immunostaining methods were used to stain serial sections (6 μm) of plaques from the same block of brain tissue. A Zeiss Axiophot fluorescence microscope, coupled with the Cambridge Quantiment 970 and Zeiss Videoplan computerized image analyzers, was used to quantify the number of plaques. Both Bielschowsky and immunostaining methods revealed the presence of both the peripheral zone (halo) and the central core of a classical plaque and resulted in the highest plaque counts. The central core of the thioflavin S-stained plaques were still clearly present, but the peripheral zone was barely visible. In Bodian stain, however, both central core and peripheral zone were poorly stained and not detectable by computer. They were quantified by human eye observation. The Bielschowsky method and immunostaining with pretreatment with formic acid are, therefore, the most sensitive methods showing the highest contrast of plaque image and thus facilitate the quantification of plaque by computer. However, Bielschowsky method is not a specific method for plaques. It stains neurofibrillary tangles and blood vessels regardless of whether they have amyloid deposits or not. Immunostaining is a sensitive and specific method for amyloid and exhibits low background staining. It confirmed that all Bielschowsky-stained plaques contained amyloid deposit.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00687398
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acid hydrolysis of Jerusalem artichoke for ethanol fermentation (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 28 (1986), S. 138-141 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260280124
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acid hydrolysis of sweet potato for ethanol production (1985)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 27 (1985), S. 316-320 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Studies were conducted to establish optimal conditions for the acid hydrolysis of sweet potato for maximal ethanol yield. The starch contents of two sweet potato cultivars (Georgia Red and TG-4), based on fresh weight, were 21.1 ± 0.6% and 27.5 ± 1.6%, respectively. The results of acid hydrolysis experiments showed the following: (1) both hydrolysis rate and hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) concentration were a function of HCL concentration, temperature, and time; (2) the reducing sugars were rapidly formed with elevated concentrations of HCl and temperature, but also destroyed quickly; and (3) HMF concentration increased significantly with the concentration of HCl, temperature, and hydrolysis time.Maximum reducing sugar value of 84.2 DE and 0.056% HMF (based on wet weight) was achieved after heating 8% SPS for 15 min in 1N HCl at 110°C. Degraded 8% SPS (1N HCl, 97°C for 20 min or 110°C for 10 min) was utilized as substrate for ethanol fermentation and 3.8% ethanol (v/v) was produced from 1400 mL fermented wort. This is equal to 41.6 g ethanol (200 proof) from 400 g of fresh sweet potato tuber (Georgia Red) or an ethanol yield potential of 431 gal of 200-proof ethanol/acre (from 500 bushel tubers/acre).
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260270316
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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