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  • 1985-1989  (2)
  • 1940-1944
  • Adolescents  (1)
  • Timecourse  (1)
Materialart
Erscheinungszeitraum
  • 1985-1989  (2)
  • 1940-1944
Jahr
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 90 (1986), S. 533-536 
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Schlagwort(e): Cigarette smoking ; Withdrawal ; Adolescents ; Cotinine
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract One hundred and sixteen female adolescent smokers were asked about withdrawal symptoms experienced during past attempts to give up smoking for good. Sixty-three percent reported difficulties during abstinence of the kind experienced by adult smokers. Daily smokers were more likely to report withdrawal effects than non-daily smokers (74% versus 47%, P〈0.005). Reported experience of withdrawal symptoms was positively related to self-reports of cigarette consumption and depth of inhalation and nicotine intake as indexed by salivary cotinine concentrations. Reported occurrence of at least one withdrawal effect correlated positively with nicotine intake after controlling for behavioural variables. Our results indicate that teenage smokers are likely to suffer withdrawal symptoms when they try to give up. Behavioural factors and expectations based on observations of adults may have played a part in their experience of withdrawal, but it is also likely that pharmacological factors are implicated even at this early stage.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 99 (1989), S. 143-145 
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Schlagwort(e): Smoking ; Withdrawal symptoms ; Timecourse ; Nicotine gum
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Ratings of withdrawal symptoms were provided at weekly intervals by 147 smokers clinic clients who managed complete abstinence for 4 weeks. The ratings followed a similar temporal pattern regardless of amount of nicotine gum used. Irritability, depression, difficulty concentrating and restlessness peaked in the 1 st week or two and returned to baseline by week 4. Hunger was more persistent. Craving was reported to be the most troublesome withdrawal symptom at first, although by the 4th week hunger was cited almost as often. Across all subjects,e venings were cited most often as the worst time of day for craving but among heavier smokers and those who used more nicotine gum mornings were considered worst.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
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