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  • 1985-1989  (3)
  • 1935-1939
  • 1905-1909
  • Acute volume expansion  (1)
  • Anatomical apex  (1)
  • Coal slurry wastewater  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical and radiologic anatomy 10 (1988), S. 151-160 
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Keywords: Apex of the heart ; Cardiac apex ; Apical arteries ; Apical blood supply ; Anatomical apex ; Geometric apex of the heart
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Cette étude comporte un essai de définition de l'apex du cœur et une présentation d'une classification en 3 types: l'apex « anatomique », dont la base est délimitée par l'incisure de l'apex du cœur, l'apex « anatomique élargi », occupant le double volume du précédent et l'apex « géométrique », occupant le tiers distal des ventricules. La vascularisation de ces 3 types d'apex cardiaque par les branches superficielles des artères coronaires, est précisé. Ce travail a été effectué sur 81 cœurs normaux (56 hommes et 25 femmes) dont 60 Caucasiens et 21 non Caucasiens. Les artères ont été injectées avec un mélange de gélatine colorée et de substance radio-opaque. Le nombre des rameaux artériels va en décroissant depuis le type géométrique (le plus volumineux) jusqu'à l'apex anatomique (le plus petit): 27 sont retrouvés à la surface de l'apex géométrique, 14 à la surface de l'apex anatomique élargi et 7 seulement au niveau de l'apex anatomique. Des différences selon le sexe ont été observées au niveau du rameau postérieur du ventricule gauche qui est retrouvé plus souvent chez les hommes que chez les femmes pour les apex anatomiques élargis. Pour les apex géométriques, 3 branches sont également plus fréquentes chez les femmes: le rameau antérieur et inférieur du ventricule gauche, les branches I et IV du rameau postérieur et latéral du ventricule gauche.
    Notes: Summary The cardiac apex was defined and 3 types were presented: the anatomical apex, the base of which was established at the incisura apicis cordis; the amplified anatomical apex, twice the volume of the preceding; and the geometric apex, the distal third of the ventricles. These types of cardiac apex were studied in connection with the superficial branches of the coronary series at their level. The investigation was conducted on 81 normal hearts (56 males and 25 females) of 60 Caucasian and 21 non-Caucasian individuals. The arteries were injected with colored gelatine mixed with a radiopaque substance. The number of branches decreased from the geometric (the largest type) to the anatomical apex (the smallest): 27 on the surface of the geometric apex, 14 on the surface of the amplified anatomical apex, and 7 on the surface of the anatomical apex. The sternocostal aspect had a higher number of superficial branches than the diaphragmatic aspect in all types of cardiac apex. Sexual differences were found in the incidence of the r posterior ventriculi sinistri intermedius on the amplified anatomical apex as it was more frequent in females than in males. In the geometric apex there were 3 branches also more frequent in females: r anterior ventriculi sinistri inferior, r posterior ventriculi sinistri lateralis I, and r posterior ventriculi sinistri lateralis IV.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 411 (1988), S. 322-327 
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Tubuloglomerular feedback ; Juxtaglomerular apparatus ; Glomerular filtration rate ; Acute volume expansion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Loss of sensitivity or “resetting” of tubuloglomerular feedback has been reported after both acute and chronic volume expansion in rats. In chronic volume expansion due to dietary salt loading, resetting was found to result from the appearance of an inhibitory factor in tubular fluid. The aim of the present study was to test the possibility that resetting after acute isooncotic volume expansion may also be due to such an inhibitor. Rats were acutely volume expanded (4.5% of body weight) by infusion of a solution of fresh plasma and Ringer's solution. Tubuloglomerular feedback activity was assessed in expanded and control animals by measuring early proximal flow (EPF) rate during perfusion of the loop of Henle at varying rates with proximal tubular fluid harvested from the control (control TF) and expanded animals (AVE TF). When loops of Henle in control animals were perfused with control TF at 10, 20 or 40 nl min−1, EPF fell from (mean ±SD) 29.8±5.6 at zero loop flow to 27.5±7.5, 21.1±4.2 and 15.5±4.5 nl min−1 gKW−1 respectively. Perfusion at the same rates with control TF in expanded animals reduced EPF from 39.5±9.6 (at zero loop flow) to 35.9±11.3, 31.6±4.3 and 22.9±6.8 nl min−1 gKW−1 respectively. When loops of Henle in control animals were perfused with AVE TF, EPF fell from 28.6±9.5 (zero loop flow) to 23.5±8.6, 19.9±8.2 and 15.6±6.5 nl min−1 gKW−1 respectively. Perfusion at these rates with AVE TF in the expanded animals depressed EPF from 36.7±7.8 (at zero loop flow) to 33.6±7.3, 28.6±7.6 and 22.7±8.0 nl min−1 gKW−1 respectively. Since the responses to the two perfusion fluids were the same in each group, it is concluded that there is no inhibitory factor present in AVE TF. Although EPF at each perfusion rate was significantly higher in the expanded animals than in control, the change in EPF per unit change in loop perfusion rate was the same in both groups from which it is concluded that no resetting of tubuloglomerular feedback occurred in the present study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 1 (1987), S. 319-328 
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Activated sludge ; Biodegradation ; Coal slurry wastewater
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary Activated sludge was successful in reducing the levels of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in coal slurry wastewaters. DOC removal by the activated sludge ranged from 61% to 97% with a large percentage (21–41%) of this DOC being completely metabolized to CO2. Second order kinetic constants (k 2) developed for DOC removal ranged from 1.39·10−4 to 2.30·10−1 liter·day−1·(mg of sludge)−1, providing evidence that biological treatment was an effective mechanism for reducing the pollution potential of the slurry wastewaters. After treatment with activated sludge a residual DOC remained in the wastewater and data from ultrafiltration studies indicated that this residual carbon was of MW〉1000. The activated sludge preferentially removed the lower (MW〈1000) molecular weight compounds and the higher molecular weight DOC was more resistant to biological attack. However, extended acclimation (greater than 1 month) enabled the activated sludge to remove the higher molecular weight DOC from the slurry wastewaters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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