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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 61 (1939), S. 2830-2832 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 85 (1986), S. 3293-3299 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A physical/chemical model is presented for the reaction kinetics for methane formation from carbon, due to bombardment by energetic (∼100's eV) H+ ions and thermal (∼1 eV) H0 atoms. While the model was developed for H+ and H0, it can be readily applied to nonhydrogenic energetic particles (ions or atoms, e.g., Ar+, He+, He) in combination with thermal (∼1 eV) hydrogen (again ions or atoms) impacting on carbon. Both collisional (in the case of the energetic particles) and chemical reaction processes are included. Special cases of sub-eV H0 alone, energetic H+ alone, and combined H0 plus H+ were considered and fitted to experimental data. Generally good agreement was found between theoretical predictions and experimental results over the experimental flux and H+ energy ranges studied (H0 flux: 6×1014–7×1015 H0/cm2 s, H+ flux: 6×1012–5×1015 H+/cm2 s, H+ energy: 300 eV/H+ and 1 keV/H+).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 78 (1995), S. 817-827 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The radiation-enhanced sublimation of different types of graphite was measured during H+ or D+ irradiation, by line-of-sight quadrupole mass spectroscopy; the quadrupole mass spectrometer was modified to block the transmission of reflected beam particles. The radiation-enhanced sublimation yield depends on both the type and orientation of the graphite; the highest yields (∼0.2 C/D at 1800 K for 1 keV D+) are associated with the most dense and most ordered graphite (pyrolytic graphite, HPG99). The yield at 400 K temperature is of the order of 10−3 C/D for 1 keV D+, more than one order of magnitude lower than the physical sputtering yield. The measured radiation-enhanced sublimation yields are in good agreement with model calculations. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 77 (1995), S. 66-86 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A new model has been developed for hydrogen retention and trapping in and release from graphite. Two different regions in the graphite with different hydrogen transport and trapping behaviors are distinguished, the bulk region within, and the surface region on graphite crystallites. The model incorporates new experimental results related to atom diffusion and recombination on inner surfaces. Recombination is explained from a fundamental viewpoint by linking it to diffusion using a classical expression. The model is applied to a number of reemission and thermal desorption experiments, in particular, the reemission of hydrogen atoms during irradiation with energetic hydrogen ions and the formation of HD during irradiation with H+ and D+ or during thermal desorption of graphite that was preimplanted with H+ and D+ ions with different energies. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 57 (1953), S. 40-45 
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 76 (1994), S. 4511-4515 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An experiment was performed in order to determine whether a first-order or second-order mechanism governs the re-emission of deuterium molecules from graphite during D+ bombardment. The order of the release mechanism should be reflected in the dependence of the re-emission on the incident flux density. No flux density dependence was observed, indicating a first-order process, in agreement with a hydrogen transport model where the rate of molecule release is determined by a first-order process involving H diffusion within graphite crystallites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 84 (1998), S. 1655-1669 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A methane erosion yield model has been developed using the principal atomistic reactions outlined by Küppers and co-workers [eg., A. Horn, A. Schenk, J. Biener, B. Winter, C. Lutterloh, M. Wittmann, and J. Küppers, Chem. Phys. Lett. 231, 193 (1994)] with additional terms to account for the energy of the incident particles, namely, kinetic ejection and damage deposition. Furthermore, modifications were made to the previous models by using distributed activation energies for methyl and hydrogen release as well as an activated Eley-Rideal abstraction process. Fitting of this model to experimentally measured methane yield data shows excellent agreement, except for low energy (≤25 eV) impact at temperatures above ∼800 K. We have provided a sound physical basis for the behavior of the free fitting parameters and conclude that most of the processes associated with low-energy impact on pyrolytic graphite leading to methane production have been incorporated. Possible extensions of the model to include heavy hydrocarbons and total chemical erosion yields are also discussed. Due to the lack of comprehensive experimental data on the flux dependence of hydrocarbon erosion, the flux dependence of the fitting parameters could not be explored and so the effect of flux density requires further modeling considerations. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 57 (1990), S. 1976-1977 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: New results obtained for graphite self-sputtering, in the presence of thermal atomic hydrogen, show that chemically enhanced self-sputtering (CES) can exceed unity erosion yield even at normal angles of incidence. CES yields were found to depend on the φC+/φH0 flux ratio and graphite temperature, with peak erosion occurring at about 800 K. No dependence on angles of incidence was observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
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    Unknown
    New York, N.Y. : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Harper's. 60 (1879:Dec.-1880:May) 343 
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  • 10
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    Unknown
    New York, N.Y. : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Harper's. 56 (1877:Dec.-1878:May) 161 
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