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  • 1985-1989  (3)
  • 42.60B  (2)
  • 3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS)  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied physics 37 (1985), S. 171-179 
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.55D ; 42.60B ; 58.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The performance of a compact uv photo-preionized TE laser is studied in the pressure range 1–5 bar. As the pressure is increased, the laser pulse shape is little altered, but both the peak power and the total output pulse energy increase significantly with pressure, even for constant input electrical energy. For various gas mixtures and excitation source capacitors the measurements suggest approximate output energy scaling with the product of the source charge per unit electrode area [C.m−2] and the molecular partial pressure [CO2+N2+CO]. This is explained in terms of the pressure-dependent discharge impedance. An input-energy-related discharge instability limits the optimum laser pressure to 1.5–2.5 bar, and we show that, at constant input energy, the instability boundary depends on the molecular partial pressure alone. The pre-ionization photo-electron yield varies negligibly with pressure, but the discharge tolerance to added oxygen decreases asp −3 top −4, dependent on gas mixture. Nevertheless sealed operation for 〉105 shots has been obtained with a 5% CO2∶5% CO∶3% N2∶2% H2∶85% He gas mixture at a total pressure of 5 bar.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied physics 37 (1985), S. 219-221 
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.55D ; 33.80E ; 52.80 ; 42.60B
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A short pulse (100 ns) high-energy x-ray source has been used to preionize a transversely excited carbon dioxide gas discharge laser of 600 cm3 active volume. The maximum output power of 60 MW in a 50 ns FWHM pulse was achieved from a CO2−N2−He−CO−Xe static gas mixture at 600 Torr pressure. The energy conversion efficiency was 6%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Gen amplification ; Glyphosate resistance ; 5-enolpyruvylshikimic acid ; 3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) ; Protoplast fusion ; Amino acid analogs
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A Daucus carota cell line selected as resistant to N-(phosphonomethyl)-glycine (glyphosate) was found to have increased levels of 5-enolpyruvylshikimic acid-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) activity of 5.5 times over wild-type carrot and an EPSPS protein level increase of 8.7 times as confirmed by Western hybridization analysis. Southern blot hybridization using a petunia EPSPS probe showed increases in the number of copies of EPSPS genes in the glyphosate-resistant line which correlated with the higher levels of the EPSPS enzyme. The mechanism of resistance to glyphosate is therefore due to amplification of the EPSPS gene. To examine the stability of the amplified genes, cloned lines selected as doubly resistant to Dl-5-methyltryptophan (5MT) and azetidine-2-carboxylate (A2C) were fused with the amplified EPSPS glyphosate-resistant cell line. Somatic hybrids expressed resistances to 5MT in a semidominant fashion while A2C and glyphosate resistance was expressed as dominant, or semi-dominant traits, in a line-specific manner. The hybrid lines possessed additive chromosome numbers of the parental lines used and no double minute chromosomes were observed. The glyphosate-resistant parental line and most somatic hybrids retained the amplified levels of EPSPS in the absence of selection pressure over a 3-year period.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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