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  • 1985-1989  (18)
  • Cell & Developmental Biology  (7)
  • Chemistry  (6)
  • bark beetle  (3)
  • 65F10  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An optimum iterative method for solving any linear system with a square matrix (1988)
    Springer
    BIT 28 (1988), S. 163-178 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9125
    Keywords: 65F10 ; 15A06 ; 65N20 ; 33A65 ; Richardson's method ; iterative solution ; Chebyshev method ; Manteuffel algorithm ; optimum parameters ; least squares ; nonsymmetric matrices ; nonhermitian matrices ; orthogonal polynomials ; eigenvalues
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract A method is presented to solveAx=b by computing optimum iteration parameters for Richardson's method. It requires some information on the location of the eigenvalues ofA. The algorithm yields parameters well-suited for matrices for which Chebyshev parameters are not appropriate. It therefore supplements the Manteuffel algorithm, developed for the Chebyshev case. Numerical examples are described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01934703
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adaptive polynomial preconditioning for hermitian indefinite linear systems (1989)
    Springer
    BIT 29 (1989), S. 583-609 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9125
    Keywords: 65F10 ; 41A10
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract This paper explores the use of polynomial preconditioned CG methods for hermitian indefinite linear systems,Ax=b. Polynomial preconditioning is attractive for several reasons. First, it is well-suited to vector and/or parallel architectures. It is also easy to employ, requiring only matrix-vector multiplication and vector addition. To obtain an optimum polynomial preconditioner we solve a minimax approximation problem. The preconditioning polynomial,C(λ), is optimum in that it minimizes a bound on the condition number of the preconditioned matrix,C(A)A. We also characterize the behavior of this minimax polynomial, which makes possible a thorough understanding of the associated CG methods. This characterization is also essential to the development of an adaptive procedure for dynamically determining the optimum polynomial preconditioner. Finally, we demonstrate the effectiveness of polynomial preconditioning in a variety of numerical experiments on a Cray X-MP/48. Our results suggest that high degree (20–50) polynomials are usually best.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01932736
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Field response ofDendroctonus brevicomis toexo-brevicomin, frontalin, and myrcene released at two proportions and three levels (1985)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 11 (1985), S. 757-766 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Dendroctonus brevicomis ; Coleptera ; Scolytidae ; bark beetle ; western pine beetle ; attractant rate ; pheromone ; exo-brevicomin ; frontalin ; myrcene
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Racemicezo-brevicomin, racemic frontalin, and myrcene were released at two proportions (5∶1∶400 and 1∶1∶1), each at three levels (1 ×, 10 ×, and 100 ×) in a ponderosa pine forest in central California. The 5∶1∶400 mix was based on an estimate of the relative amounts released from a ponderosa pine under attack by the western pine beetle,Dendroctonus brevicomis. MoreD. brevicomis were trapped at a source of the three compounds released at 5∶1∶400 than were trapped at a source released at 1∶1∶1, at all three levels, but this difference was statistically significant only at the 1 × and 10 × levels. Sex ratio of trapped beetles and distribution of catch at the source of attractant and 5 m away apparently did not differ between relative release rates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00988303
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interruption of response ofDendroctonus brevicomis to attractive pheromone by release of pheromone at several rates and spacings (1987)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 13 (1987), S. 85-97 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Dendroctonus brevicomis ; Coleoptera ; Scolytidae ; bark beetle ; western pine beetle ; pheromone ; interruption ; behavior ; release device
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The number of western pine beetles,Dendroctonus brevicomis, trapped at the center of three 90 × 90-m plots was reduced during a 16-hr period after surrounding an attractive source ofexo-brevicomin, frontalin, and myrcene with 16, 48, or 168 sources of the same attractant. Compounds were released from the center of the plot at 1 mg/16 hr/compound, and from the surrounding sources at 4–280 mg/16 hr/compound. About half of these amounts was released between 1530 hr and 1930 hr, the period of peak beetle flight. No treatment differences were apparent in reduction of catch within the range of release rates and spacings tested. When compounds were released continuously from 168 stations for 17 days, catch at the center of a plot was generally lower than catch before or after this period, but fluctuated daily. More beetles were caught on traps hung on ponderosa pines within a plot and the number of these traps catching beetles was greater when compounds were released from all stations than from only the center station. Beetles caught on traps were attracted into the plots from the surrounding forest, but appeared to be dispersed within the plot when compounds were released from many stations.D. brevicomis attacked at least 91 trees in the plots, of which 25 were killed during two summers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01020353
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of verbenone on response ofDendroctonus brevicomis toexo-Brevicomin, frontalin, and myrcene (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 14 (1988), S. 113-122 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Dendroctonus brevicomis ; Coleoptera ; Scolytidae ; bark beetle ; western pine beetle ; pheromone ; attractant ; inhibitor ; exo-brevicomin ; frontalin ; myrcene ; verbenone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract exo-Brevicomin (E), frontalin (F), and myrcene (M) were released at two rates 10-fold apart with verbenone at four rates 10-fold apart, and without verbenone in plots with one trap on a vertical cylinder at the pheromone source and one trap on each of four cylinders 5 m away. Catch of the western pine beetleDendroctonus brevicomis decreased with increasing levels of verbenone at both release rates of EFM, but not all differences in catch were statistically significant. Significantly more beetles were caught at the high rate of EFM than at the low rate, combining all rates of verbenone. The percent of total beetles caught at the center trap tended to decrease with increasing rates of verbenone, but the only statistically significant differences were at the low rate of EFM.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01022535
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alkyllithium-initiated polymerization of butadiene in presence of a bi-1,3-dioxane derivative (1989)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 15 (1989), S. 31-37 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Some results are reported on the alkyllithium-initiated polymerization of butadiene in cyclopentane in presence of 2,′2-bis(4,4,6-trimethyl-1,3-dioxane). The effect of this lithium chelating agent on one-unit model active centres is also reported. Comparisons are made with another highly efficient polymer structure modifier, 1,2-dipiperidinoethane. Conclusions are reached on the reasons why both are particularly effective in inducing the formation of polydienes having extremely high vinyl content.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1989.020151989104
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytological and cytochemical investigations of development from dormant gemmules of the marine sponge, Haliclona loosanoffi (1987)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 193 (1987), S. 99-116 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Vernalized gemmules of the marine sponge Haliclona loosanoffi were cultured at 20°C, fixed at 24-hour intervals (0-11 days), and processed for light microscopy by using a variety of absorption and fluorescent staining methods. The cytochemistry and morphology of development were compared to the well-studied developmental patterns of freshwater sponges and to the patterns described in the marine sponge Suberites domuncula. The precocious development of H. loosanoffi gemmules involves early morphogenesis occurring within the unhatched gemmule, as opposed to the patterns in freshwater sponges, where most development occurs after the gemmule hatches. Definitive sponge tissue surrounding a single osculum is present 9 days after release from dormancy.
    Additional Material: 25 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051930110
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lipopolysaccharide-induced expression of the competence gene KC in vascular endothelial cells is mediated through protein kinase C (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 140 (1989), S. 44-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The KC gene is a cell cycle-dependent competence gene originally identified in platelet-derived growth factor-stimulated BALB/c-3T3 cells. This gene is also induced in murine peritoneal macrophages in response to activation stimuli. We have examined the expression of the KC gene in cultured porcine aortic endothelial cells following treatment with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as a first step in defining the early molecular events involved in endothelial cell stimulation by physiologically relevant modulators. LPS markedly elevated the steady-state level of KC mRNA in confluent endothelial cells; maximum induction of KC occurred in the cells following exposure to 10 ng/ml LPS for 2 h. LPS did not increase the growth fraction of the cells, nor was the KC mRNA level changed in dense endothelial cells stimulated to enter the cell cycle with epidermal growth factor. However, KC mRNA expression was elevated by addition of serum to starved, subconfluent endothelial cell cultures. Treatment of endothelial cells with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and 1-oleoyl-2-acetyl-glycerol (OAG) also induced KC gene expression. A maximum response was obtained with 10 nM PMA, the effect decreasing with higher levels of the phorbol ester. The calcium ionophore A23187 exhibited little stimulatory activity alone; however, the ionophore did cause a doubling in the PMA-stimulated KC expression. The increased expression of KC induced by LPS and PMA was inhibited by the presence of 1-(5-isoquinoline-sulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine (H7), a protein kinase C inhibitor, but not by HA1004 (an H7 analogue with little protein kinase C inhibitory activity). No cytotoxicity was observed in inhibitor or LPS-treated endothelial cell cultures. These results demonstrate that KC gene expression is stimulated by LPS in vascular endothelial cells in a proliferation-independent process. Second, unlike LPS-induced KC expression in macrophages and platelet-derived growth factor-induced KC expression in 3T3 cells, LPS induction of KC in endothelial cells appears to require activation of protein kinase C.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041400106
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tandem mass spectrometry of prostaglandins: A comparison of an ion trap and a reversed geometry sector instrument (1988)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 2 (1988), S. 105-109 
    Details
    ISSN: 0951-4198
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rcm.1290020602
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spatial patterns of gene expression in preimplantation mouse embryos (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 1 (1989), S. 254-263 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: mRNA localization ; In situ hybridization ; Blastocysts ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The distribution of total polyadenylated RNA and mRNAs from the β-actin, fibronectin, and cytokeratin Endo A genes was examined in preimplantation mouse embryos using in situ hybridization of riboprobes to RNA in sections of embryos. Polyadenylated RNA was found in the cytoplasm of all cells of blastocyst-stage embryos, whereas the specific mRNAs displayed three distinct patterns of expression: uniform throughout the embryo (β-actin), enriched in the inner cell mass (fibronectin), and enriched in the trophectoderm (Endo A). In eight-cell embryos, the polyadenylated RNA was more concentrated in nuclei than in the cytoplasm (as noted previously), although this was not the case in blastocysts, nor was it true for the specific mRNAs that were examined. These experiments demonstrate that there is localized gene expression in the early mouse embryo, which correlates with the formation of the trophectoderm and the inner cell mass.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1080010406
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