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  • 1985-1989  (11)
  • Chemistry  (7)
  • Coexistence  (3)
  • Motor control
  • Muscle contraction
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Somatostatin- and enkephalin-like immunoreactivities are frequently colocalized in neurons in the caudal brain stem of rat (1987)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 67 (1987), S. 420-428 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Peptides ; Coexistence ; Nucleus tractussolitarii ; Ventral medulla ; Immunohistochemistry ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The medulla oblongata and pons of colchicine treated rats were analyzed with a doublestaining technique using mouse monoclonal antibodies to somatostatin and rabbit polyclonal antibodies raised against methionine-enkephalin. Numerous cells reacted with both antisera but cells reacting with only one antiserum were also observed. Double-stained cells were most frequently encountered at all levels of the nucleus tractus solitarii, in a well defined group in the caudal medullary reticular formation, along the lateral ventral surface of the medulla oblongata, dorsolateral to the inferior olive and in the nucleus raphe magnus. These findings provide further examples of coexistence of two peptides and indicate the possibility that somatostatin-and enkephalin-like peptides are co-released.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00248562
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dopaminergic cells in the caudal A13 cell group express somatostatin-like immunoreactivity (1987)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 67 (1987), S. 441-444 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Dopamine ; Somatostatin ; Immunocytochemistry ; Coexistence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The caudal extension of the hypothalamic A13 dopamine cell group (A13c) was studied in the rat brain with immunohistochemical techniques using antibodies raised against the dopamine synthesizing enzymes tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC). Adjacent sections revealed that the TH- and AADC-staining patterns exhibited a clear overlap with that for somatostatin (SOM). Employing a double-labelling method with SOM- and AADC-antisera and subsequent elution and restaining of the same section with TH-antiserum, it was found that all immunoreactivities occurred in the same cell bodies. This study gives the first evidence for the presence of SOM-immunoreactivity in dopamine neurons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00248566
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Primary sensory neurons of the rat showing calcitonin gene-related peptide immunoreactivity and their relation to substance P-, somatostatin-, galanin-, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide- and cholecystokinin-immunoreactive ganglion cells (1987)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 247 (1987), S. 417-431 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Dorsal root ganglia ; Neuropeptides ; Coexistence ; Immunohistochemistry ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary By use of the indirect immunofluorescence technique the distribution of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-like immunoreactivity (LI) has been analyzed in cervical and lumbar dorsal root ganglia of untreated and colchicine-treated rats. In addition, lumbar ganglia were examined 2 weeks after transection of the sciatic nerve. The occurrence of CGRP-positive cells in relation to ganglion cells containing substance P-, somatostatin-, galanin-, cholecystokinin (CCK)-, and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)/peptide histidine isoleucin (PHI)-LI has been evaluated on consecutive sections as well as using elution-restaining and double-staining techniques. CGRP-LI was observed in many ganglion cells of all sizes ranging in diameter from 15 μm to 65 μm. Thus, this peptide occurs also in the large primary sensory neurons. In contrast to the sensory peptides described to date, CGRP-positive cells constituted up to 50% of all and 70% of the medium-sized neurons, thus being the most frequently occurring peptide in sensory neurons so far encountered. Subpulations of CGRP-positive neurons were shown to contain substance P-, somatostatin-, or galanin-LI and some CGRP-positive neurons contained both substance P- and galanin-LI. In fact, most substance P-, somatostatin- and galanin-positive cell bodies were CGRP-immunoreactive. The coexistence analysis further revealed that galanin and substance P often coexisted and that some cells contained both substance P- and somatostatin-LI, whereas no coexistence between galanin and somatostatin has as yet been seen. VIP/PHI-LI was only shown in a few cells in untreated or colchicine-treated rats. However, after transcetion of the sciatic nerve numerous VIP/PHI-positive cells were observed, some of which also contained CGRP-LI. The present results indicate that a CGRP-like peptide is present in a wide range of primary sensory neurons probably not related to specific sensory modalities. Often this peptide coexists with other biologically active peptides. Taken together these findings suggest that CGRP may have a generalized function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00218323
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The electromyographical basis of inaccurate motor performance (1988)
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 58 (1988), S. 132-140 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Motor control ; Motor skill ; Electromyography ; Inaccuracy ; Isometric
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The aim of this study was to investigate the electromyographical basis of inaccurate movement by identifying the variate and invariate characteristics of a ballistic, isometric precision-grip skill. Our results have shown that in most subjects investigated, IEMG, discharge rate and the paterns of muscle synergy were variate movement parameters while the sequence of muscle activation, the relative duration of muscle activity and the time to peak force (rise-time) remained essentially invariante. Based on these results, we can conclude that inaccurate performance of this skill, in most of the subjects investigated, was more dependant upon changes in muscle IEMG than in alterations in the temporal sequencing of muscle activity. It was apparent that from trial to trial, subjects had more difficulty in reproducing the appropriate levels of muscle contraction and synergy than in reproducing the required periods of action.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00636616
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of hydrogen chloride on the corrosion of an FeCrAlY alloy in simulated coal gasifier atmospheres (1989)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 40 (1989), S. 175-181 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Einfluß von Chlorwasserstoff auf die Korrosion einer FeCrAlY-Legierung in einer simulierten KohlevergasungsatmosphäreEie Chrom-Aluminium-Yttrium-Stahl wurde einer simulierten Kohlevergasungsatmosphäre ausgesetzt die 1000 ppm bzw. 2200 ppm Chlorwasserstoff enthielt und deren Temperatur 450 °C betrug. Durch Erhöhen des Chlorwasserstoffgehalts werden die Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit erhöht und die Mikrostruktur sowie die Zusammensetzung des Korrosionsprodukts beträchtlich verändert. Für diese Ergebnisse werden versuchsweise Mechanismen postuliert, nach denen Metallchloride über die Gasphase transportiert werden.
    Notes: An iron chromium aluminium yttrium steel was exposed to a simulated coal gasifier atmosphere containing 1000 ppm and 2200 ppm hydrogen chloride at 450 °C. Increasing hydrogen chloride content was found to accelerate reaction rates, and significantly alter the microstructure and composition of the corrosion product. Tentative explanations for these results, involving vapour phase transport of metal chlorides are proposed.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19890400312
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Soluble polymeric carriers for drug delivery. Part I: Free radical copolymerization of N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide with N-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl) ethyl]acrylamide (1989)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Letters Edition 27 (1989), S. 515-525 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6258
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1989.140271302
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reactions on thin films of cobalt-molybdenum oxides: II. Reduction, sulphidation and hydrodesulphurization (HDS) activities (1986)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 9 (1986), S. 255-257 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.740090416
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reactions on thin films of cobalt-molybdenum oxides: I. characterization of molybdenum and cobalt oxide species by high resolution XPS (1986)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 9 (1986), S. 253-254 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.740090415
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Scanning ion imaging as a diagnostic tool for an ion microscope (1985)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 7 (1985), S. 74-78 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A scanning system has been installed on a Cameca IMS 3f ion microscope. The system has been invaluable for alignment of secondary ion extraction to the centre of the crater during depth profiling, detection of inclusions and lateral inhomogeneities during depth profiling and compensation of charging of insulators using an electron flood gun. Limitations of the standard gun have become apparent.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.740070204
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stabilization of charge on electrically insulating surfaces during SIMS experiments - experimental and theoretical studies of the specimen isolation method (1985)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 7 (1985), S. 275-281 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Recent experiments have shown that secondary ion mass spectrometric (SIMS) measurements of insulator surfaces can be greatly facilitated by the use of a charged aperture located immediately above the analysis area (the ‘specimen isolation technique’). This allows the surface potential within the aperture area to be stabilized. Charging is stabilized when the potential difference between the surface and the aperture becomes large enough that excessive charge, in the form of secondary electrons, is drained away from the surface to the aperture. The potential difference generated on such insulating surfaces can be measured experimentally by varying the voltages applied to the electrostatic analyzer to measure the secondary ion intensity as a function of kinetic energy. Such measurements have been carried out on a Cameca IMS-3F instrument for a range of aperture dimensions and for different primary and secondary ions. The surface potential can be stabilized at a potential readily measurable by the electrostatic analyzer for both O- and Cs+ ion beams. The mechanism for this stabilization has been analyzed through calculations of two dimensional contours for the region around the specimen holder. For surfaces with a very high charging potential (〉600 V), potential wells which can trap ions of low kinetic energy develop near the surface. Element and oxide secondary ion kinetic energy distribution curves, taken under specimen isolation conditions, which differ from those obtained under normal non-charging SIMS conditions, are evidence for such ion trapping.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.740070605
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