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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphological evidence for a direct neuroendocrine GABAergic control of the anterior pituitary in teleosts (1987)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 43 (1987), S. 300-302 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: GABA ; immunocytochemistry ; anterior pituitary ; neuroendocrine control ; teleost
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The anterior pituitary of teleosts is unique among vertebrates in receiving a direct innervation which represents the morphological support of the neuroendocrine control of pars distalis functions. The participation of GABAergic fibers in this innervation was studied by means of immunocytochemistry at the light and electron microscopic levels, using antibodies against GABA. Immunoreactive fibers, characterized by the presence of small clear and dense cored vesicles, were detected in all parts of the gland. Immunopositive terminals were found in close, sometimes synaptic-like, contact with most glandular cell types in the anterior lobe. The data strongly suggest that in teleosts, as in mammals, GABA is involved in the neuroendocrine control of anterior pituitary functions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01945558
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization, cerebral distribution and gonadotropin release activity of neuropeptide Y (NPY) in the goldfish (1989)
    Springer
    Fish physiology and biochemistry 7 (1989), S. 69-76 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5168
    Keywords: neuropeptide Y ; goldfish ; gonadotrophin release ; neuroendocrine regulation ; pituitary ; immunocytochemistry ; high performance liquid chromatography ; radioimmunoassay
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The presence of a peptide closely related to porcine NPY has been demonstrated in the goldfish brain and pituitary by means of radioimmunoassay (RIA) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The RIA data demonstrate that displacement curves of brain extracts are parallel to a porcine NPY standard and that in HPLC a compound present in brain extracts is co-eluted with porcine NPY. The distribution of this NPY-like factor within the central nervous system was studied by radioimmunoassay and immunohistochemistry. The results indicated that NPY has a widespread distribution with the highest concentrations being found in the telencephalon and diencephalon. In the pituitary gland, NPY immunoreactive terminals characterized at the electron microscope level were found in the different lobes and, in particular, in close association with the gonadotrophin (GTH) secreting cells. Using anin vitro perifusion system, it was shown that NPY causes a dose dependent increase of GTH release from anterior lobe fragments. These data indicate for the first time in teleosts that NPY is present and widely distributed in the brain and pituitary, and that among other putative functions, could be implicated in the multihormonal release of GTH from the pituitary.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00004691
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution and characterization of neuropeptide Y-like immunoreactivity in the brain and pituitary of the goldfish (1989)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 255 (1989), S. 529-538 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Neuropeptide ; Pituitary ; Brain ; Immunocy tochemistry ; HPLC ; Carassius auratus (Teleostei)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The distribution of neuropeptide Y (NPY) immunoreactivity has been studied by means of immunocytochemistry and radioimmunoassay in the brain of the goldfish. It was found that NPY had a widespread distribution in the entire brain in particular in the telencephalon, diencephalon, optic tectum and rhombencephalon. In the pituitary gland, positive type-B fibers were observed in the various lobes frequently in direct contact with secretory cells, in particular the gonadotrophs, somatotrophs and MSH (melanocyte-stimulating hormone) secreting cells. When measured by radioimmunoassay, the highest NPY concentrations were found in the pituitary and telencephalon, confirming the results of immunocytochemistry. The displacement curves obtained with serial dilutions of brain extracts were parallel to that of synthetic porcine NPY. Following high performance liquid chromatography, the NPY-like material extracted from goldfish brain co-eluted as a single peak with synthetic porcine NPY. These data demonstrate the presence of an NPY-like substance widely distributed in the goldfish brain. The observation of NPY-immunoreactive fibers in the pituitary gland suggests that, among its other functions, NPY may play a role in the neuroendocrine regulation of pituitary function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00218788
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphological correlates of serotonin-neuropeptide Y interactions in the rat suprachiasmatic nucleus: Combined radioautographic and immunocytochemical data (1987)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 250 (1987), S. 657-662 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Serotonin ; Neuropeptide Y ; Suprachiasmatic nucleus ; Radioautography ; Immunocytochemistry ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The morphological substrate of putative serotonin (5-HT)/neuropeptide Y (NPY) interactions in thé suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) was investigated by combined radioautography and immunocytochemistry after intraventricular administration of (3H)5-HT in the rat. In the ventral portion of the SCN, the distribution of (3H)5-HT uptake sites overlapped closely the NPY-immunoreactive terminals. Previous investigations have shown that the dense 5-HT and NPY innervations of the SCN originate in different structures, i.e., the midbrain raphe nuclei and the ventral lateral geniculate nucleus, respectively. Accordingly, in the present study, destruction of 5-HT afferents by 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine was not found to induce any modification in NPY staining and, in ultrastructural immuno-radioautographic preparations, two distinct pools of axonal varicosities could be identified. Both 5-HT and NPY terminals established morphologically defined synaptic junctions, sometimes on the same neuronal target. Some cases of direct axo-axonic appositions between the two types of terminals were also encountered. These data constitute additional criteria for characterizing the cytological basis of the multiple transmitter interactions presumably involved in the function of the SCN as a central regulator of circadian biological rhythms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00218960
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simultaneous immunogold labeling of GABAergic terminals and vasopressin-containing neurons in the rat paraventricular nucleus (1989)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 255 (1989), S. 77-80 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Paraventricular nucleus ; GABA ; Vasopressin ; Double-immunogold labeling ; Rat (Wistar)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The GABAergic innervation of vasopressin-containing cells in the magnocellular part of the paraventricular nucleus was studied at the electron-microscope level using antibodies against GABA and vasopressin. The detection of both GABA and vasopressin on the same ultrathin section, performed with a double-labeling immunogold method, revealed GABAergic terminals in symmetrical synaptic contact with vasopressin-containing neurons. These GABAergic terminals displayed mitochondria, clear synaptic vesicles and varying numbers of electron-dense vesicles. Vasopressin-immunoreactivity was associated with neurosecretory granules, whereas GABA-immunoreactivity was found above mitochondria, clear synaptic vesicles and some electron-dense vesicles. This study, demonstrating the extensive participation of GABA in the innervation of magnocellular vasopressin-secreting neurons, suggests that this inhibitory neurotransmitter regulates vasopressin secretion at the level of the paraventricular nucleus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00229068
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential immunocytochemical staining for glial fibrillary acidic (GFA) protein, S-100 protein and glutamine synthetase in the rat subcommissural organ, nonspecialized ventricular ependyma and adjacent neuropil (1986)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 245 (1986), S. 343-351 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Subcommissural organ ; Ependyma ; Astrocytes ; Immunocytochemistry ; Glial fibrillary acidic (GFA) protein ; S-100 protein ; Glutamine synthetase ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Antibodies raised against glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFA), S-100 protein (S100) and glutamine synthetase (GS) are currently used as glial markers. The distribution of GFA, S100 and GS in the ependyma of the rat subcommissural organ (SCO), as well as in the adjacent nonspecialized ventricular ependyma and neuropil of the periaqueductal grey matter, was studied by use of the immunocytochemical peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique. In the neuropil, GFA, S100 and GS were found in glial elements, i.e., in fibrous (GFA, S100) and protoplasmic astrocytes (S100, GS). The presence of S100 in the majority of the ventricular ependymal cells and tanycytes, and the presence of GFA in a limited number of ventricular ependymal cells and tanycytes confirm the glial nature of these cells. The absence of S100, GFA and GS from the ependymocytes of the SCO, which are considered to be modified ependymal cells, suggests either a non-astrocytic lineage of these cells or an extreme specialization of the SCO-cells as glycoprotein-synthesizing and secreting elements, a process that may have led to the disappearance of the glial markers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00213941
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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