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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural and ultrastructural characteristics of human pineal gland, and pineal parenchymal tumors (1994)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 88 (1994), S. 334-348 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Human pineal gland ; Pineal parenchymal tumors ; Ultrastructure ; Chromogranin A
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We have studied 20 pineal parenchymal tumors (PPT) and 4 normal or cystic pineal glands both by light and electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry with antibodies against glial markers [glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and protein S-100] or neural/neuroendocrine markers [neurofilaments (NF), synaptophysin and chromogranin A]. Light microscopy revealed the cellular organization of pinealocytes in the normal gland and in different morphological types of pineal tumors (typical pineocytomas, PPT with intermediate differentiation, mixed PPT exhibiting elements of both pineocytoma and pineoblastoma and pineoblastomas). Immunohistochemistry showed the presence of GFAP and protein S-100 in interstitial cells in non-neoplastic pineal gland. Cell processes were labeled with anti-synaptophysin and anti-NF antibodies. No immunoreactivity was found for chromogranin A in non-neoplastic pineal gland. In pineocytomas, GFAP and protein S-100 were observed in interstitial cells. Synaptophysin and NF were present in the large rosettes of pineocytomas. Synaptophysin, NF and chromogranin A were present in pineocytomas with a lobular arrangement of cells. Anti-chromogranin A immunoreactivity was also seen in lobular areas of some PPT with intermediate differentiation. Analysis of normal human pineal gland by electron microscopy showed the presence of vesicle-crowned rodlets (VCR or synaptic ribbons), fibrous filaments (F), paired twisted filaments but few dense-core vesicles (DCV) in normal pinealocytes. Tumoral pineal cells appeared to differentiate either towards a neurosensory pathway characterized by the presence of sensory cells elements (VCR and F), or towards a neuroendocrine pathway, with the occurrence of many DCV. Immunogold labeling demonstrated the presence of chromogranin A in neurosecretory granules.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00310377
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neuron-Glia Interaction (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 633 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1991.tb15685.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Induction of MMP9 (92 kDa Gelatinase) Activity and Expression of Tissue In hibitor of Metalloproteinase-2 mRNA (TIMP-2) in Primitive Neuroectodermal Cells Infected with Retrovirus HTLV-I (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    European journal of neuroscience 7 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Matrix-degrading proteases, including metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), are involved in modulation of the extracellular matrix, which participates in neural cell differentiation, brain morphogenesis and tissue integrity. Metalloproteinases and TlMPs are associated with inflammatory and degenerative processes in the central nervous system and are regulated by cytokines. Human retroviral infections are frequently associated with neurological disturbances. In the present paper, we have studied the changes occurring in human primitive neuroectodermal cells following infection with human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-I), a retrovirus responsible for HTLV-I-associated myelopathy. Infected neural cells were found to have high metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9–92 kDa gelatinase) activity. MMP9 induction is dependent on HTLV-I infection of neural cells. In addition, soluble factors, especially tumour necrosis factor α, secreted by infected cells, act as mediators of induction. HTLV-I infection also induces expression of RNA coding for tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2. These observations indicate that HTLV-I infection selectively modulates the expression of molecules involved in the dynamic equilibrium between the synthesis and degradation of the neural cell matrix and leads to its remodelling, which modifies cell-cell interactions and cellular function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.1995.tb01071.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Action of some fluorinated amphetamine-like compounds on the synaptosomal uptake of neurotransmitters (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 27 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1976.tb10414.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of flow cytometry to detect intermediate filaments from central nervous system
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biology of the Cell 76 (1992), S. 243 
    Details
    ISSN: 0248-4900
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0248-4900(92)90313-P
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glycoprotein synthesis in the subcommissural organ of the chick embryo (1990)
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 79 (1990), S. 141-153 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: Chick embryo ; subcommissural organ ; Reissner's fiber ; immunohistochemistry ; secretory activity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Antibodies were raised in rabbit against crude subcommissural organ (SCO) extract of 19 day old chick embryos. After absorption with crude brain extract, the IgG fraction was purified by ion exchange chromatography. The specificity of the antibodies was controled by immunostaining and by a competition test between lectins (Concanavalin A-Con A- and wheat germ agglutinin-WGA-) and antibodies (A74 IgG). Using A74 IgG, some ependymal cells containing immunoreactive material (IRM) could be detected in the SCO anlage at 4 days of incubation. During the following stages (5 to 12 days), the immunostaining extended caudalward in the SCO epithelium according to a rostro-caudal gradient of differentiation. The appearance of IRM in the secretory ependymal cells of the SCO parallel that of Concanavalin A-positive glycoproteins (Bruel et al., 1987). Secretion of IRM into the ventricular cavity, contributing to the formation of Reissner's fiber (RF) occurred during the 7th day of incubation. The formation of RF was examined at different levels of the spinal cord using A74 IgG, WGA and aldehyde fuchsin (AF) staining. The appearance of SCO specific glycoproteins was observed at 11 days in the central canal but the presence of a non-immunoreactive material at 10 days suggests that the formation of RF probably happens inside a guidance material.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01245126
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparative immunocytochemical and immunochemical analysis of glycoproteins synthesized in the bovine subcommissural organ (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 86 (1991), S. 205-216 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: Bovine ; subcommissural organ ; specific glycoproteins ; lectins ; immunoblotting ; immunoaffinity chromatography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary To extend our previous immunochemical investigations in the chick embryo (Karoumi et al., 1990 b), we raised antibodies in the rabbit against crude extracts of the subcommissural organ (SCO) of the bovine. The antiserum labeled A99 was absorbed by crude brain extracts and its specificity was tested by different techniques. Comparison of crude SCO and cerebral hemispheres supernatants after immunoblotting allow to identify specific 98, 60, 52, 42, 38, and 32 kDa polypeptides in the SCO profile. Immunoaffinity chromatography on A99 immunoadsorbent of crude SCO, cerebral hemispheres (CH) and classical ependyma (CE) supernatants was followed by electrophoretical analysis and electrotransfer. Concanavalin A (Con A) and wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) labeling procedures demonstrated the presence of numerous glycopeptides specific of crude SCO supernatants and having an apparent molecular weight ranging from 240 to 50kDa. In the CH-eluted fraction, 50 and 52 kDa glycopeptides were revealed by Con A and WGA, whereas in the CE-immunopurified fraction no band was visualized. The similarity of the chick embryo and bovine electrophoretic pattern corresponding to the SCO eluted fractions speaks in favour of a high degree of conservation of the SCO secretory material and an evolutionary stability of the antigens recognized by A99IgG.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01250706
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glycoprotein synthesis in the subcommissural organ of the chick embryo II. an immunochemical study (1990)
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 80 (1990), S. 203-212 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: Chick embryo ; subcommissural organ ; Reissner's fiber ; A74 immunoaffinity chromatography ; glycoprotein secretory process
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In the chick embryo, A74 immunoaffinity chromatography allowed to purify specific glycoproteins relevant to the SCO ventricular secretory process. The eluted fractions of the subcommissural organ (SCO), the cerebral hemispheres (CH) and the medulla oblongata (MO) were compared using the Concanavalin A (Con A) and wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) staining procedures after western-blotting. Analysis of the optical density of the reactive bands allowed to estimate the relative concentration of the various glycopeptides in the eluted fractions. In the SCO-eluted fractions at least ten Con A-positive glycopeptides were identified, their apparent molecular weight ranging from 240 to 42 kD. Only three of these appeared to be WGA-positive (98, 88, and 52 kD). In the CH-eluted fractions only a 52 kD Con A-and WGA-positive glycopeptide was revealed, while in the MO-eluted fractions a 32 kD glycopeptide was also Con A- and WGA-positive. These results are discussed in regard to the known biosynthesis pathway of complex type glycoproteins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01245122
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of fenfluramine administration on synaptosomal uptake of some neurotransmitters and on synaptosomal enzymes which metabolise GABA (1979)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 309 (1979), S. 7-11 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: GABA ; Fenfluramine ; Neurotransmitters ; Synaptosomes ; Uptake
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Fenfluramine has been considered to deplete neuronal 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT). This compound is able to reduce the synaptosomal uptake of 5-HT and other neurotransmitters such as GABA and glutamic acid (Glu). The effects of fenfluramine on these three compounds considered as neurotransmitters are different. The inhibition is of competitive type for 5-HT and non-competitive for GABA and Glu. Concerning the enzymes involved in GABA synthesis and degradation, Fenfluramine increases Glutamic acid decarboxylase activity and decreases GABA-transaminase activity in synaptosomes. Decreased synaptosomal GABA levels could be attributed to a lower uptake. An enzymatic regulating system may be responsible in restoring the GABA level. A similar mechanism concerning serotonin has been previously suggested (Costa et al., 1971).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00498750
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Richesse en lysosomes des préparations de synaptosomes du mésencéphale de rat Lysosome-Rich Synaptosomal Preparations from Rat Mesencephalus (1975)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 31 (1975), S. 1188-1190 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Subcellular fraction, enriched with synaptosomes, obtained from rat brain has been found contaminated by lysosomes, as evidenced by the high content of acid phosphatase, their biochemical marker.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02326785
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