Library

feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 55 (1985), S. 305-318 
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Keywords: Cr(III) compounds ; Cr(VI) compounds ; Conjugation of Cr(VI) compounds with erythrocytes ; Separation of erythrocytes ; Biological monitoring for Cr(VI)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Internal stress to chromium is only relevant in occupational medicine if it is due to the handling of hexavalent chromium. Cr(VI) ions, after uptake by inhalation or percutaneously are carried in the blood plasma and penetrate—depending on the concentration—into the erythrocytes. Due to the intracellular reduction to Cr(III) and the concurrent intracellular protein binding, the erythrocytes represent an easily accessible target organ for quantitative chromium determination after occupational exposure to Cr(VI) compounds. The results of an earlier experimental study indicate that human plasma too is capable of spontaneous reduction of Cr(VI) ions of up to 2 ppm to Cr(III). This plasma reduction capacity (PRC) can be increased and accelerated considerably by adding ascorbic acid (AA). These findings were supported in this investigation by proving a decreased binding of Cr(VI) inside the erythrocytes under the effect of AA. This leads to the assumption that only those Cr(VI) concentrations can penetrate the membrane of the erythrocytes and enter the cell which either come into contact with the membrane during the reduction process or exceed this limit concentration of 2 ppm. Only in these two instances can corresponding chromium findings be analyzed in isolated and washed erythrocytes. These results are compared with those obtained by conventional methods, such as Cr determination in the blood and/or urine. Our findings indicate that a single determination of chromium concentration in the erythrocytes will permit the monitoring of critical cases of Cr(VI) exposure. This is a new type of biological monitoring in the sense of a condensed longitudinal study, in order to find out whether threshold concentrations have been respected over a given period.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    GeoJournal 17 (1988), S. 434-434 
    ISSN: 1572-9893
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    GeoJournal 14 (1987), S. 376-376 
    ISSN: 1572-9893
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Potato research 31 (1988), S. 85-94 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Keywords: epidemiology ; virus detection ; breading for resistance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The tobacco veinal necrosis strain of potato virus Y (PVYN) first became epidemic in several European countries in the 1950s. To prevent PVYN-infections, account must be taken of virus sources both within and without potato fields; for forecasting, the aphid vector species, their vector efficiency, and their flight activity must all be known. Well-timed haulm destruction needs knowledges of PVYN-translocation in potato plants and of the development of mature plant resistance. For successful virus control, also reliable methods for virus detection are needed, and for this ELISA has been well established for many years in seed potato certification schemes. A combined treatment of mineral oil and pyrethroids reduces aphid populations and the spread of stylet-borne viruses in the fields. In breeding for resistance, the major gene Ry induces complete protection against infections of all known PVY-strains.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Potato research 29 (1986), S. 109-118 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Keywords: Epidemiologie ; Blattlausübertragbarkeit ; Knollenbefall
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The spread of potato viruses S and M (PVS, PVM) under field conditions was studied in experimental plots over 3 years. Virus-free potatoes of different cultivars were planted in alternate rows with potatoes containing PVS and PVM. Plants were tested for virus at regular intervals thereafter. There was a rapid increase in new infections in each of the 3 experimental years as is shown in Fig. 1. The average levels of infection with PVS and PVM in the final set of leaf samples were: 1980, end of July, 27% and 29% respectively; 1981, beginning of August, 21% and 15%; 1983, end of August, 31% and 35%. The final levels of infection in harvested tubers were investigated in 2 experimental years by using eye plugs. At the end of the growing period in 1980, 64% of the plants were infected with PVS and 54% with PVM. In 1983 the respective figures were 79.1% and 79%. Different plant and row spacings were used in plots to test whether spread of virus occurred principally through contact or through aphids. Fig. 2 shows that the number of new infections in the widely planted plots, where the plants barely touched and aphids had good opportunities for flight, increased more quickly than in the closely planted plots. After harvest it emerged that not all the tubers of a plant contained virus. Investigations showed that it was related to time of infection. Table 1 shows that the proportion of infected tubers was higher for plants infected early (virus detected before 3 August) than plants infected late (virus detected after harvest in eye plugs). In laboratory experiments the transmission of virus isolates from the experimental plots by aphids was low, at 2.9%, and was the same for both viruses (Table 2). The results indicate that in epidemiological respects PVS and PVM can be viewed as equally important. The higher infection levels of PVS in practice can be attributed to the greater proportion of PVS-containing plants in the field.
    Abstract: Résumé Dans un essai parcellaire de 3 ans la dissémination des virus S et M (PVS, PVM) a été étudiée en conditions de plein champ. Différentes variétés indemnes de virus ont été cultivées en alternance avec des plants contaminés par le PVS et le PVM. Au cours de la prériode de végétation les plantes étaient régulièrement testées sur la présence de virus. La figure 1 présente une augmentation rapide des infections primaires pendant les 3 années d'essais. Sur les derniers échantillons de feuilles prélevés à fin juillet en 1980, au début d'août en 1981 et à fin août en 1983 il a été en moyenne décelé respectivement 27, 21 et 31% de plantes contaminées de PVS et 29, 15 et 35% pour PVM. En 1980 et 1983 le taux de contamination final a été établi par l'indexage des tubercules récoltés, en fin de la période de croissance. Les taux de contamination ont été en 1980 de 64% de PVS et 54% de PVM; en 1983 respectivement de 79,1 et 79%. Dans des parcelles avec différentes distances de plantation et d'interlignes le mode de transmission, soit par contact ou par les pucerons a été étudié. On reconnaît dans la figure 2, que les plantations espacées présentant de meilleures possibilités d'envol des pucerons présentaient un taux de contamination plus élevé que les plantations plus denses. Il est fréquemment apparu après la récolte que tous les tubercules d'une même plante ne sont pas contaminés. Des recherches ont démontré que cela était à mettre en relation avec l'époque d'infection. Dans le tableau 1 on peut voir que la proportion de tubercules contaminés est plus élevée lors d'infections précoces des plantes (test virologique jusqu'au 3 août) que lors d'infections tardives (détection virale après la récolte par indexage). Des essais de transmission par pucerons en laboratoire, d'inoculats obtenus des parcelles d'essais, n'ont donné que peu de réussite soit 2,9% de contamination pour chacun des deux virus (tabl. 2). Les résultats démontrent que les virus PVS et PVM présentent une épidémiologie comparable. Les observations de la pratique faisant part d'un taux de contamination plus élevé du PVS sont à mettre en relation avec la proportion plus importante de plantes porteuses de PVS au champ.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Dreijährige Parzellenversuche ergaben, dass sich PVS und PVM unter Feldbedingungen gleichermassen rasch ausbreiten. Da in einer weit bepflanzten Parzelle die Befallrate höher war als in einer eng bepflanzten Parzelle, wird bei beiden Viren der Blattlausübertragung eine grössere Bedeutung beigemessen als der Kontaktübertragung. Der Anteil infizierter Knollen pro Pflanze ist abhängig von Infektionstermin. Bei früh infizierten Pflanzen war er höher als bei spät infizierten. In Laborversuchen wurden beide Viren durch Blattläuse gleichermassen auf 2,9% der Versuchspflanzen übertragen. Die Ergebnisse weisen darauf hin, dass PVS und PVM in epidemiologischer Hinsicht als gleichartig zu betrachten sind.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Potato research 31 (1988), S. 405-406 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...