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  • 1980-1984  (4)
  • 1970-1974  (3)
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (7)
  • Physics
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New epoxy resins. I. The stability of epoxy-trialkoxyboroxines triaryloxyboroxine systemCorrected proofs received January 28, 1982 (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 27 (1982), S. 1177-1190 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A polymer with high aromaticity and/or cyclic ring structures chain backbone usually has high heat, thermal, and flame resistance. Two diglycidyl ethers of bisphenols were prepared from 4,4′ isopropylidenediphenol (DGEBA) and 9,9-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) fluorene (DGEBF) for evaluation. Four boroxines - trimethoxyboroxine (TMB), triethoxyboroxine (TEB), triisopropoxyboroxine (TIPB) and triphenoxyboroxine (TPB) - were used as the curing agents. DGEBA and DGEBF cured with various boroxines indicate that the trend for their respective glass transition temperature (Tg's), degradation temperatures (Td's), and gel fractions are TMB-cured epoxy ≈ TEB-cured epoxy 〈 TIPB cured epoxy 〈 TPB cured epoxy. The DGEBF system usually has a higher Tg, Td, gel fraction, oxygen index (OI), and char yield than the related DGEBA system. DGEBF/DGEBA (80/20 mol ratio) shows a synergistic effect in regard to char formation. This effect exists not only in the copolymer system but also in blended homopolymers of the separately cured resins. A modified mechanism for the polymerization of phenyl glycidyl ether (PGE) with TMB has been proposed.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1982.070270407
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Formalized poly(vinyl alcohol) membranes for reverse osmosis (1973)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 17 (1973), S. 789-796 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The permeation properties of formalized poly(vinyl alcohol) membranes are described. The interest of this work is centered on the properties relevant to desalination by reverse osmosis. These membranes, when properly prepared, showed reasonably high water permeability, high salt rejection, and stability in the presence of acids and alkalies.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1973.070170311
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis, characterization, and permeation properties of polyether-based polyurethanes (1972)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 16 (1972), S. 2105-2114 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A system of synthesis of polyether-based urethanes was developed which had sufficient flexibility in composition so that transport properties could be optimized. Mixtures of poly(oxyethylene) glycol (PEG) and poly(oxypropylene) glycol (PPG) of a variety of molecular weights were tied together by varying amounts of kinds of “hard segments.” Thus, the water swell, the mechanical properties, and the size of the soft blocks and hard blocks could be varied. With a fixed content of hard segments, the water absorption decreased with decrease in the PEG/PPG ratio, demonstrating the feasibility of producing controlled changes in hydrophilicity of the polymer without significant change in the mechanical strength. Some polyurethanes based on PEG 600 and PPG 425 had a very good high value of Pw/Ps but a somewhat low value of Pw. The polyurethanes prepared by using phenylenediamines as chain extenders had markedly enhanced modulus and an extended rubbery plateau region, as anticipated.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1972.070160821
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New epoxy resins. II. The preparation, characterization, and curing of epoxy resins and their copolymers (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 27 (1982), S. 3289-3312 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A polymer having high aromaticity and/or cyclic ring structures in the chain backbone usually gives high heat resistance and flame resistance. Five glycidyl ether-type epoxy resins are prepared from bisphenol A (DGEBA), 9,9-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)fluorene (DGEBF), 3,6-dihydroxyspiro-[fluorene-9,9′-xanthane] (DGEFX), 10,10-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) anthrone (DGEA), and 9,9,10,10-tetrakis(4-hydroxyphenyl)anthracene (TGETA) in order to study structure-thermal stability-flame resistance property relationships. In this study, trimethoxyboroxine (TMB) and diaminodiphenylsulfone (DDS) are employed as the curing agents. The char yield at 700°C under a nitrogen atmosphere and the glass transition temperature (Tg) for the uncured resins decrease according to the sequence TGETA 〉 DGEFX 〉 DGEA 〉 DGEBF 〉 DGEBA. The Tg values for these cured epoxy resins are DGEBA 〈 DGEBF 〈 DGEFX 〈 DGEA. A Tg for the TGETA is not obtainable but would be expected to be the highest. The char yields at 700°C of these cured epoxy resins have the same trend as the uncured resins. DGEBF, DGEFX, DGEA, and TGETA added to the DGEBA system show increases in the char yield, Tg, and oxygen index with increasing concentration of these novel epoxy resins.
    Additional Material: 25 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1982.070270909
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New epoxy resins. III. Application of fourier transform IR to degradation and interaction studies of epoxy resins and their copolymers (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 28 (1983), S. 1077-1091 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: In the Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) study, diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) did not show aldehyde or perester absorption when it was normally cured with trimethoxyboroxine (TMB) under a nitrogen atmosphere. Neither alumina nor gold surfaces would cause oxidation of the system. In air, alumina appeared to accelerate the oxidation when compared to gold. The cure of the epoxy in oxygen appeared to cause increased Claisen rearrangement when compared with the same cure in a nitrogen atmosphere. The DGEBA cured with TMB under air or nitrogen atmospheres showed differences in their degradation patterns. The TMB-cured DGEBA and diglycidyl ether of 9,9-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) fluorene (DGEBF) copolymer had a higher degree of reaction and lower degradation than was shown by the synthetically generated spectra based on the FT-IR summation of the spectra of the respective homopolymers.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1983.070280314
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Elevated temperature aging of HIPS (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 28 (1983), S. 391-406 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The effects of aging at 85°C on a rubber-modified polystyrene (HIPS) have been studied as a function of aging time in both air and nitrogen. Four different types of physical measurements were carried out on the aged samples. These included mechanical relaxation measurements, tensile stress-strain measurements, creep measurements at several stresses, and measurements of fatigue lifetime under applied tension-compression stress. Aging in nitrogen is largely a physical aging process and results in higher modulus, higher tensile strength, and longer delay times to the onset of accelerating creep deformation. But tensile ductility and fatigue lifetime tend to reduce, and there is no change in location of Tg of the rubber phase. Aging in air involves both chemical and physical aging, and the changes that occur depend on which process dominates. For long-time aging of 150 h or more, the rubber-phase Tg is shifted to higher temperatures and the associated loss peak is broadened due to crosslinking. Also, the tensile strength, tensile ductility, creep delay time, and fatigue life all reduce. These effects are attributed to oxidative attack and embrittlement. SEM micrographs reveal variations in fracture surface morphology due to the mode of testing and to the aging medium.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1983.070280134
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Correlations between types of absorbed water molecules and water permeability in swollen polymer membranes (1974)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 12 (1974), S. 1-6 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A series of poly(vinyl formal) membranes was synthesized by formalization of poly(vinyl alcohol) membranes. Representative pieces were selected for this study. Some cellulose acetate membranes cast from dioxane were used for comparison. The main experimental techniques employed included water absorption measurements and direct osmosis measurements. Aqueous solutions of sodium chloride at various concentrations were used for the studies of permeation through the membranes by direct osmosis.The plot of water permeability coefficient Pw versus volume fraction Vw of water absorbed in a membrane was interpreted in terms of the effect of two different types of absorbed water molecules. The individual diffusion coefficients were evaluated from asymptotic slopes of the curves. Similar analyses applied satisfactorily to data found in the literature.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1974.180120101
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