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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE EFFECTS OF GROWTH HORMONE ON CARBOHYDRATE AND LIPID METABOLISM IN THE DOG (1968)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 148 (1968), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1968.tb20368.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Wechselbeziehungen zwischen Leber- und Nebennierenrindenfunktion (1968)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 46 (1968), S. 1149-1155 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Urinary excretion of free 17-OHCS and unconjugated cortisol, cortisone, tetrahydrocortisol, tetrahydrocortisone and of 20- and 6β-hydroxymetabolites were measured in 9 patients with biopsyproven cirrhosis of the liver. The results are compared with data from normal subjects. To evaluate the circadian variations the urinary excretion of the above mentioned steroids was determined in six consecutive 4-hr. periods starting at 8 o'clock in the morning. Mean urinary excretion of free 17-OHCS and the summation of the 8 individual steroids in 9 patients with liver disease was significantly greater than the mean excretion in the group of 10 control subjects. Patients with cirrhosis of the liver excreted more cortisone than cortisol. The ratio of C6 and C20 hydroxylated metabolites to cortisol and cortisone was higher than the correlated value of tertrahydrocortisol and tetrahydrocortisone to the free biological active hormones. The results demonstrate a qualitative and quantitative change in metabolic transformation of cortisol. The circadian variations in urinary unconjugated cortisol, cortisone and their main metabolites were absent in patients with cirrhosis of the liver. These findings support the concept of hepatic regulation of pituitary ACTH secretion by the feedback mechanism in so far as progressive impairment in hepatic degradation of cortisol may lead to a lessened diurnal variation of the free cortisol and its metabolites, pituitary suppression and, in turn, reduced adrenocortisol cortisol production.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Ausscheidung der freien 17-OHCS und der biologisch aktiven freien Einzelsteroide Cortisol und Cortison, deren Tetrahydroverbindungen sowie die 20- und 6β-Hydroxymetaboliten wurde bei 9 Patienten mit Lebercirrhose im Vergleich mit einem Normalkollektiv untersucht. Zur Erfassung von Veränderungen des tageszeitlichen Ausscheidungsrhythmus wurden die Steroide in 6 vierstündigen auf einanderfolgenden Ausscheidungsperioden gemessen. Die mittlere Ausscheidung der freien 17-Hydroxycorticosteroide sowie die Summe der 8 bestimmten Einzelsteroide war im Cirrhosekollektiv höher als bei den Normalpersonen. Patienten mit Lebercirrhose schieden im Unterschied zu Gesunden mehr Cortison als Cortisol aus. Das Verhältnis der an C6 und C20 hydroxylierten Verbindungen zu Cortisol und Cortison war bei den Patienten mit Lebercirrhose höher als das entsprechende Verhältnis der Tetrahydroverbindungen zu den nicht-metabolisierten Hormonen jeweils im Vergleich zum Normalkollektiv. Aus den Befunden wird auf eine qualitative und quantitative Störung der Cortisolsekretion und seines Metabolismus geschlossen. Der bei Gesunden zu beobachtende tageszeitliche Ausscheidungsrhythmus war bei den Cirrhosepatienten als Folge der metabolischen Veränderungen weitgehend aufgehoben. Die Befunde stützen die auf Grund früherer Ergebnisse anderer Autoren angenommene Hypothese, daß die Leber eine wesentliche Funktion bei den physiologischen Regelvorgängen zur Aufrechterhaltung einer normalen Nebennierenrindensekretion hat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01712955
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental myocardial infarction in a closed-chest canine model Observations of temporal and spatial evolution over 24 hours (1981)
    Springer
    Basic research in cardiology 76 (1981), S. 670-680 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1803
    Keywords: closed chest ; infarct size ; critical flow
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Myocardial infarction was induced in 7 mongrel dogs by transfemoral intraluminal occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery. Perfusion area at risk was determined by post-mortem coronarography and infarct size by macrohistological staining with para-nitrophenoltetrazolium. Regional flow was determined by injection of radioactive microspheres 0.2 hours, 12 hours, and 24 hours post occlusion. Infarct size as determined by planimetry of post-mortem angiograms and macrohistological stains at identical magnification revealed 74.5±12.1% infarcted tissue of the perfusion area at risk. The flow of the necrotic tissue was below 13 ml/100 g min without exception, indicating a threshold perfusion for maintenance of myocardial viability. Accordingly, a flow of ≦10 ml/100 g min identified 93% of the entire infarcted myocardium, resulting in 71±20% as compared to the perfusion area at risk. Based on the good agreement of macrohistological and flow data, the evolution of myocardial injury was determined by flow measurements. The results indicated a different progression of the borders of critical flow in the subendocardial and subepicardial layers, whereas in the subendocardium 85% of the tissue at risk was identified by the critical flow at 0.2 hours and 97% at 12 hours, the subepicardial flow changed at a different pace: only 53% showed subcritical perfusion at 0.2 hours, 61% at 12 hours with a final increase of 39% from 12 to 24 hours.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01908057
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The relationship between the perfusion deficit, infarct size and time after experimental coronary artery occlusion (1983)
    Springer
    Basic research in cardiology 78 (1983), S. 210-226 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1803
    Keywords: regional ischemia ; perfusion deficit, supply/demand ratio ; collateral flow ; instantaneous oxygen consumption ; development of necrosis ; infarct size
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary It is well known that coronary occlusions of short duration do not produce infarcts in the dog heart, but permanent occlusions always do. The aim of this paper was to investigate with quantitative direct measurements the determinants of infarct size within these two extremes. We measured left ventricular $$M\dot V_2$$ , coronary and collateral blood flow and infarct size after occlusion times varying between 45 minutes and 24 hours. $$M\dot VO_2$$ was kept low in one group by establishing low heart rates with a synthetic opiate. In another group, $$M\dot V_2$$ was kept elevated by giving synthetic catecholamines (dobutamine) that stimulated contractility and heart rate. Under the described experimental conditions LV-coronary blood flow reflected the true demand for blood and oxygen. The ratio of collateral blood flow over coronary blood flow (both measured with tracer microspheres) was therefore a good approximation of the supply-demand ratio (SD). Since collateral flow was inhomogeneously distributed across the left ventricular wall, the SD-ratio showed similar variations. As the collateral blood flow increased with elapsed time after coronary occlusion, the SD-ratio improved. Since high LV-O2-demand increased coronary flow but exerted practically no influence on collateral flow, this situation influenced the SD-ratio in a negative way. Decreased O2-demand had the opposite effect. The SD-ratio is thus a valid expression of the relative and absolute blood flow deficit as influenced by the local and general O2-demand. We found significant and characteristic correlations between the SD-ratio and infarct which was only influenced by time. A blood flow deficit of 90% (i.e., collateral flow =10% of required flow) produced a 50%-infarct (relative to the risk-region) with a 45-min occlusion but a 90%-infarct with occlusion times of 3 hrs and longer. If the perfusion deficit is only 0.5 (collateral flow =50% of required flow), no infarct is detectable at occlusion times shorter than 3 hrs. Small perfusion deficits of only 20% below required flow caused infarctions at 24 hrs and longer. In the group where the SD-ratio was closer to unity because of a low overall LV-O2-consumption (bradycardia), infarcts at t=24 hrs were significantly smaller than in the group with a high $$LV - M\dot VO_2$$ .
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01906674
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative ultrastructure of the myocardium in chronic aortic valve disease (1980)
    Springer
    Basic research in cardiology 75 (1980), S. 109-117 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Licht- und elektronenoptische Morphometrie wurde an Gewebeproben des linken Ventrikels durchgeführt, die bei der Herzoperation entnommen wurden. 6 Patienten hatten eine Aortenstenose, 9 eine Aorteininsuffizienz und 14 ein kombiniertes Aortenvitium. Hämodynamische Messungen wurden vor der Operation durchgeführt. Patienten mit kombiniertem Aortenvitium hatten eine höhere linksventrikuläre Masse, eine niedrigere Ejektionsfraktion und Verkürzungsgeschwindigkeit als Patienten mit Aortenstenose. Der systolische “Wall Stress” war vergleichbar in den 3 Gruppen. Der intrazelluläre Gehalt an Myofibrillen war geringer, und der sarkoplasmatische Raum war höher bei kombinierten Aortenvitien als bei Aortenstenose. Das Mitochondrienvolumen und die interstitielle Fibrose waren nicht unterschiedlich in den Gruppen. Patienten mit Aorteninsuffizienz zeigten keinen signifikanten Unterschied zu den beiden anderen Gruppen. Wir schließen daraus, daß eine intrazelluläre Verarmung von kontraktilem Material die Ursache der eingeschränkten Myokardfunktion bei fortgeschrittener Hypertrophie infolge kombinierten Aortenvitiums ist.
    Notes: Summary Light and electron microscopic morphometry was carried out in tissue samples which were obtained from the left ventricular free wall in 29 patients with chronic aortic valve disease during open-heart surgery. 6 patients had aortic stenosis, 9 had aortic insufficiency and 14 had a mixed aortic valve lesson. Hemodynamics were studied before operation. Patients with mixed aortic valve disease had a higher left ventricular mass, a lower ejection fraction and mean circumferential fiber shortening rate than patients with aortic stenosis. Peak systolic wall stress was comparable between groups. The intracellular content of contractile material was lower and the sarcoplasmic volume was higher in mixed aortic valve disease than in aortic stenosis. Mitochondrial volume and interstitial fibrosis were not different between groups. Patients with aortic insufficiency showed no significant difference of parameters as compared to both other groups. We conclude that an intracellular deficiency of myofibrils causes lack of contractility in advanced hypertrophy due to mixed aortic valve disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02001402
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of radioactive tracer microsphere blood flow with NaI (Tl)- and Ge-well type detectors (1982)
    Springer
    Basic research in cardiology 77 (1982), S. 292-300 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1803
    Keywords: Ge-well type detector ; tracer microspheres ; regional myocardial blood flow
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Ein “Intrinsic”-Ge-Bohrlochdetektor wurde zur Gammaspektroskopie in der Tracer-Mikrosphären-Technik eingesetzt. Die hohe Energieauflösung und das große Peak-zu-Compton-Verhältnis dieses Spektrometers ermöglichen die Anwendung aller verfügbaren, unterschiedlich gelabelten Tracer-Mikrosphären in einem Experiment. Die überlegene Energieauflösung des Ge-Detektors mit den getrennten Photopeakgebieten von 103-Ru und 85-Sr wurde gezeigt, die einen einzigen gemeinsamen Photopeak ergeben, wenn ein NaJ(Tl)-Detektor benutzt wird. Der Ge-Bohrlochdetektor wurde mit einem NaJ(Tl)-Spektrometer verglichen, in dem Proben vom Herzmuskel in beiden Spektrometersystemen gezählt wurden. Die Regressionsanalyse beider Spektrometersysteme zeigte identische Durchblutungswerte in diesen Proben für fünf unterschiedlich markierte Tracer-Mikrosphären, die in 5 Hunde appliziert wurden. Die große Empfindlichkeit des Ge-Bohrlochdetektors und eine geeignete Technik zur Probenaufarbeitung ermöglichen ein großes räumliches Auflösungsvermögen der Herzdurchblutung für alle verfügbaren, unterschiedlich markierten Tracer-Mikrosphären.
    Notes: Summary An intrinsic Ge-well type detector was applied for the detection of gamma rays from labeled tracer microspheres. The high energy resolution and the large peak-to-Compton ratio of this spectrometer ensures the application of all available differently labeled tracer microspheres in one experiment. The superior energy resolution of the Ge-detector was documented with the separated photopeak regions of 103-Ru and 85-Sr-labeled tracer microspheres, which result in a single photopeak when an NaI(Tl) detector is used. The Ge-well type detector was compared with an NaI(Tl) spectrometer by counting samples of cardiac muscle in either spectrometer systems. Regression analysis between both spectrometer systems demonstrate identical flow values in these samples for 5 differently labeled tracer microspheres which were administered in 5 dogs. The high sensitivity of the Ge-well-type detector together with a suitable technique for sampling of myocardial tissue accomplishes a high spatial resolution of myocardial perfusion for all available differently labeled tracer microspheres.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01908044
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Das Anionenaustauschverhalten der leichten Seltenen Erden in nitrathaltigen, wäßrigen Methanollösungen (1968)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 235 (1968), S. 216-218 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00507666
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