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  • 1980-1984  (7)
  • 1955-1959
  • Inorganic Chemistry  (5)
  • Adrenergic innervation  (1)
  • Anwendung  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 364 (1984), S. 525-525 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Intraoperative autotransfusion ; Application ; Results ; Autotransfusion ; Anwendung ; Ergebnisse
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung An der Chirurgischen Universitäts-Klinik Köln-Lindenthal wurde ein neues System zur intraoperativen Autotransfusion bei 43 Patienten eingesetzt. Dieses System besteht aus einem stabilen Kunststoffbehälter, der einen flexiblen Kunststoffbeutel enthält. Nach Aspiration von 70 ml Natrium-Citrat-Lösung können bis zu 500 ml Blut aufgesaugt und durch den Anaesthesisten unter Druck reinfundiert werden. Bei 25 Operationen konnte dadurch auf eine Fremdblutgabe verzichtet werden. Das System eignet sich zum Einsatz in der Gefäß-, Abdominal- und Unfallchirurgie. Blutqualitätskontrollen wurden durchgeführt.
    Notes: Summary In the surgical unit of the University of Cologne a new system for intraoperative autotransfusion has been used in 43 patients. This system consists of a rigid plastic case with a plastic bag inside. After filling the plastic bag with 70 ml of natrium citrate solution, 500 ml of blood can be aspirated by the surgeon and reinfused under pressure by the anesthetist. Through this stored blood was not necessary in 25 operations, the set is well suited for intraoperative autotransfusion in vascular and abdominal surgery and in cases of trauma. Blood quality examinations were carried out.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 230 (1983), S. 431-450 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Chicken ovary ; Adrenergic innervation ; Cholinergic innervation ; Steroidogenic interstitial cells ; Myosin immunoreactivity ; PNMT ; Choline acetyltransferase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The innervation of the chicken ovary was investigated with special emphasis on adrenergic nerves in the follicular wall. Quantitative determinations of catecholamines (CA) by high-performance liquid chromatography and electrochemical detection (hplc-ed) revealed 15.4±3.3 ng/mg protein of norepinephrine (NE) and 3.14 ng/mg protein of epinephrine (E), with even larger amounts in the cranial part of the ovary close to the adrenal gland. Serial sections that had been processed for the visualisation of aminergic nerves (Falck-Hillarp- or glyoxylic acid technique) showed CA localized in nerve-fibre bundles; cell bodies of chromaffin and sympathetic neurons were only found at the ovarianadrenal junction suggesting that ovarian nerves stored considerable quantities of E. An antiserum against bovine phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT, the E-synthesizing enzyme) produced no immunostaining in chicken ovary or adrenal gland, due to a lack of crossreactivity between the antiserum and chicken PNMT. Serial sections processed alternately for the visualisation of aminergic nerves and myosin (from chicken gizzard) immunoreactivity revealed a scarce nerve supply of contractile cells in the theca externa compared to an extraordinarily dense innervation of the endocrine interstitial tissue of the theca interna. This distribution pattern of nerve fibres in the follicular wall was confirmed by electron microscopy in ovarian tissue that had been pretreated with 5- or 6-hydroxydopamine (OHDA). More than 90% of the terminal axons were specifically labeled by these false adrenergic transmitters. Many of these terminals were seen in close contact (20 nm) with steroidogenic cells suggesting a neuromodulatory function of CA in hormone synthesis and/or release. It is yet unclear whether E and NE are stored in separate or identical axon moieties and within the same organelles. Choline acetyltransferase activity, which was taken as a measure for a cholinergic nerve component in the ovary, amounted to only 7% of its adrenal activity. It is suggested that the chicken ovary may serve as an excellent model to investigate the modulatory role of nerves in the endocrine function of the ovary.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Reaction of Trichloronitro Methane with Iron Carbonyls. Crystal Structure of (PPh4)2[Fe2OCl6] · 2 CH2Cl2Trichloronitro methane reacts with Fe2(CO)9 or Fe3(CO)12 forming NO[FeOCl2] which is composed of Nitrosyl ions and polymeric [FeOCl2]⊖. The reaction of NO[FeOCl2] with POCl3 affords Fe(O2PCl2)3; with tetraphenyl phosphoniumchloride it forms the complex (PPh4)2[Fe2OCl6] which is soluble in CH2Cl2. The oxochloro ferrates are characterized by the aid of 57Fe-Mössbauer spectra and by i.r. spectra.A single crystal of (PPh4)2[Fe2OCl6] · 2 CH2Cl2 was used to carry out a structural investigation by means of X-ray diffraction data (space group P1, Z = 1, a = 1157.2(2), b = 1363.8(3), c = 1140.3(2) pm, α = 109.22(1)°, β = 95.23(1)°, γ = 67.24(2)°, R = 0.052 for 3814 reflexions with F0 〉 3σ). The [Cl3Fe—O—FeCl3]2⊖-anion is found to have a centre of symmetry and thus, in accordance with the i.r. spectra, contains a linear bridge. High thermal parameters of the bridging oxygen atom and the chlorine ligands, however, allow interpretations as orientation disorder of slightly bent anions.
    Notes: Trichlornitromethan reagiert mit den Eisencarbonylen Fe2(CO)9 bzw. Fe3(CO)12 unter Bildung von NO[FeOCl2], das aus Nitrosylionen und polymerem [FeOCl2]⊖ aufgebaut ist. NO[FeOCl2] setzt sich mit POCl3 zu Fe(O2PCl2)3 um; mit Tetraphenylphosphoniumchlorid entsteht der in CH2Cl2 lösliche Komplex (PPh4)2[Fe2OCl6]. Die Oxochloroferrate werden mit Hilfe der 57Fe-Mößbauer-Spektren und der IR-Spektren charakterisiert.An einem Einkristall von (PPh4)2[Fe2OCl6] · 2 CH2Cl2 wurde eine Röntgen-Strukturanalyse durchgeführt (Raumgruppe P1, Z = 1, a = 1157,2(2), b = 1363,8(3), c = 1140,3(2) pm, α = 109,22(1)°, β = 95,23(1)°, γ = 67,24(2)°, R = 0,052 für 3814 Reflexe mit F0 〉 3σ). Danach besitzt das [Cl3Fe—O—FeCl3]2⊖-Anion ein Symmetriezentrum und ist somit  -  in Übereinstimmung mit den IR-Spektren  -  linear gebaut. Große thermische Schwingungsparameter des Brückensauerstoffatoms wie der Cl-Liganden lassen jedoch auch die Möglichkeit einer Orientierungsfehlordnung leicht gewinkelter Anionen zu.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 488 (1982), S. 108-120 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Transition Metal Peroxofluoro Complexes. IV. Structural Chemistry of Diperoxo-tetrafluorotantalates (V): K3Ta(O2)2F4 and Related Phases and (NH4)3Ta(O2)2F4Dependent on the preparative conditions K3Ta(O2)2F4 crystallizes in a monoclinic (a = 908.2(1), b = 899.2(1), c = 910.0(2) pm, β = 90.37(1)°) or  -  with variations in stoichiometry - in cubic phases (a = 905 to 909 pm) of the elpasolite type. The i.r. data as well as the thermal decomposition to tetragonal K3TaO2F4 (a = 621.0(2), c = 884.3(4) pm, with superstructure) with cis-standing O atoms indicate the cis-position also for the O2 groups. A single crystal X-ray structure analysis of (NH4)3Ta(O2)2F4 (space group Fm3m, a = 941.4(7) pm, Z = 4, Rw = 0.032) yielded disordered elpasolite structure. The [Ta(O2)2F4] octahedra have cis-configuration. No phase transition has been observed by X-rays when cooling down to 120 K.
    Notes: Abhängig von den Darstellungsbedingungen kristallisiert K3Ta(O2)2F4 monoklin (a = 908,2(1), b = 899,2(1), c = 910,0(2) pm, β = 90,37(1)°) oder - mit abweichender Zusammensetzung  -  kubisch (a = 905 bis 909 pm) im Elpasolith-Typ. Die IR-Daten wie die thermische Zersetzung zu K3TaO2F4 (tetragonal a = 621,0(2), c = 884,3(4) pm mit überstruktur) mit cis-ständigen O-Atomen weisen auch auf cis-Stellung der Peroxogruppen hin. Eine Einkristall-Röntgenstrukturanalyse an (NH4)3Ta(O2)2F4 (Raumgruppe Fm3m, a = 941,4(7) pm, Z = 4, Rw = 0,032) ergab fehlgeordnete Elpasolith-Struktur. Die [Ta(O2)2F4]-Oktaeder haben auch hier cis-Konfiguration. Beim Abkühlen wurde bis 120 K röntgenographisch kein Phasenübergang beobachtet.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Acyl- and Alkylidenephosphines. XXII. Synthesis and Structure of 1, 3-Dimethyl-2,2,4,4-tetrakis(trimethylsilylsulfano)-1,3-diphosphetaneAt -30°C methylbis(trimethylsilyl)phosphine reacts with carbon disulfide to give a red adduct first which rearranges to [bis(trimethylsilylsulfano)methylidene]methylphosphine 1a. In contrast to the thermally stable phenyl derivative 1b [2], this compound with its insufficiently shielded P=C group dimerizes fast with increasing temperature. 1,3-Dimethyl-2,2,4,4-tetrakis(trimethylsilylsulfano)-1,3-diphosphetane 2a formed by this reaction, crystallizes in the triclinic space group P1 with following dimensions of the unit cell, determined at a temperature of measurement of -80 ± 3°C: a = 1024.7(3); b = 1360.2(5); c = 1326.3(6)pm; α = 117.85(4); ß = 111.05(3); γ = 72.09(3)°; Z = 2. Due to ring folding at the P1—P2 axis of 149.1°, the molecule shows pseudosymmetry Cs. Characteristic averaged bond lengths and angles obtained at an Rw-value of 0.030, are: P—C(endocyclic) 188 and 191; P—CH3 184; C—S 183; S—Si 216 pm; C—P—CH3 105; P—C—S 113; S—C—S 114; C—S—Si 108; P—C—P 90 and C—P—C 86°.
    Notes: Methylbis(trimethylsily)phosphan reagiert bei -30°C mit Kohlenstoffdisulfid über ein rotes Addukt zu [Bis(trimethylsilylsulfano)methyliden]methylphosphan 1a. Im Gegensatz zum thermisch stabilen Phenyl-Derivat 1b [2] dimerisiert diese Verbindung, deren P=C-Gruppe sterisch nur ungenügend abgeschirmt wird, rasch bei Temperaturerhöhung. Das dabei gebildete 1,3-Dimethyl-2,2,4,4-tetrakis(trimethylsilylsulfano)-1,3-diphosphetan 2a kristallisiert triklin in der Raumgruppe P1 mit folgenden, bei einer Meßtemperatur von -80 ± 3°C bestimmten Abmessungen der Elementarzelle: a = 1024,7(3); b = 1360,2(5); c = 1326,3(6) pm; α = 117,85(4); ß = 111,05(3); γ = 72,09(3)°; Z = 2. Infolge einer Faltung des viergliedrigen Ringes auf 149,1° an der P1—P2-Achse besitzt das Molekül die Pseudo-Symmetrie Cs. Die bei einem Rw-Wert von 0,030 erhaltenen, charakteristischen mittleren Bindungslängen und -winkel betragen: P—C(endocyclisch) 188 und 191; P—CH3 184; C—S 183; S—Si 216 pm; C—P—CH3 105; P—C—S 113; S—C—S 114; C—S—Si 108; P—C—P 90 und C—P—C 86°.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 485 (1982), S. 23-35 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Acyl and Alkylidenephosphines. XlX. Molecular and Crystal Structure of 2,4-Bis (dimethyl-amino) -1,3-diphenyl-l, 3-diphosphetane2,4-Bis(dimethylamino)-1,3-diphenyl-1,3-diphosphetane 2a which is isolated as a byproduct in the synthesis of (E)-(dimethylamino)methylidene-phenylphosphine 1a crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c. The dimensions of the unit cell determined at -65 ± 5°C are: a = 1 004(1); b = 1 018(3); c = 1 873(2) pm; β = 105.15(8)°; Z = 4. As it is shown by a low temperature X-ray structure determination (Rg = 3.5%) the phenyl groups are placed above and the dimethylamino groups below the folded 1,3-diphosphetane ring; the molecule with its differently twisted substituents, however, deviates considerably from point symmetry mm2. The dihedral angle between the P1—C1n—P2 planes (n = 1 or 2) is found to be 153°. The relatively long Pn—C1n bond distances (187 to 191 pm) indicate a strained ring system; in solution 2a decomposes to some extent and forms monomeric 1a again. Further characteristic average bond distances and angles are: Pn—C4n (phenyl) 184; C—N 146 pm; P1—C1n—P2 93°; C11—Pn—C12 84° and Pn—C1n—Nn 116°.
    Notes: Das bei der Synthese des (E)-(Dimethylamino)methyliden-phenylphosphans 1a als Nebenprodukt gebildete 2,4-Bis(dimethylamino)-1,3-diphenyl-1,3-diphosphetan 2a kristallisiert monoklin in der Raumgruppe P21/c mit den dei der Meßtemperatur von -65 ± 5°C bestimmten Gitterkonstanten: a = 1 004(1); b = 1 018(3); c = 1 873(2) pm; β = 105,15(8)°; Z = 4. Nach den Ergebnissen der Röntgenstrukturanalyse (Rg = 3,5%) ordnen sich die Phenylgruppen oberhalb, die Dimethylamino-Gruppen unterhalb des mit 153° an der P1-P2-Achse gefalteten 1,3-Diphosphetan-Rings an; durch unterschiedliche Drehung der Substituenten weicht aber das Molekül stark von der Punktsymmetrie mm2 ab. Die mit 187 bis 191 pm langen endocyclischen Pn-C1n-Abstände (n = 1 oder 2) weisen auf einen gespannten Ring hin; in Lösung zerfällt 2a wieder teilweise in das Monomere 1a. Weitere charakteristische mittlere Bindungsabstände und -winkel sind: Pn-C4n (Phenyl) 184; C—N 146 pm; P1—C1n—P2 93°; C11—Pn—C12 84° und Pn—C1n—Nn 116°.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Structures of Caesium-containing Fluorides. VII. Cs6Ni5F16 - a New Compound in the System CsF/NiF2 and its Crystal StructureSingle crystals of a more caesium-containing phase of composition Cs6Ni5F16, forming in the course of solid state CsNiF3 preparation, could be isolated and their structure determined: a = 618.4(1), b = 1. 455.5(2), c = 2145.1(2) pm, space group Cmca, Z = 4, R = 0.030 (1936 independent reflections). The structure contains chains of five face-sharing octahedra, which are connected at their ends via corners to form a zig-zag layer. The Ni—Ni distances within the chains are 264.1 and 270.2 pm, the average Ni—F distance is 202.0 pm. The caesium atoms exhibit 10-, 11-, and 12-coordination. The structural relations to 2L—CsNiF3 and Cs4Ni3F10 are discussed.
    Notes: Eine bei der Darstellung von CsNiF3 durch Festkörperreaktion auftretende caesiumreichere Phase der Zusammensetzung Cs6Ni5F16 konnte in Form von Einkristallen isoliert und röntgenographisch ihre Struktur bestimmt werden: a = 618,4(1), b = 1455,5(2), c = 2145,1(2) pm, Raumgruppe Cmca, Z = 4, R = 0,030 für 1936 unabhängige Reflexe. Die Struktur enthält Ketten von fünf flächenverknüpften Oktaedern, die an ihren Enden über Ecken zu einer gewellten Schicht verbunden sind. Die Ni—Ni-Abstände in den Ketten betragen 264,1 und 270,2 pm, der mittlere Ni—F-Abstand 202,0 pm. Für die Caesiumatome werden Koordinationszahlen von 10, 11 und 12 beobachtet. Die strukturellen Beziehungen zu 2L-CsNiF3 und Cs4Ni3F10 werden erläutert.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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