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  • 1980-1984  (4)
  • β-aryl ether dimers  (2)
  • Alprazolam  (1)
  • Anisaldehyde  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A dose response study of the hypnotic effectiveness of alprazolam and diazepam in normal subjects (1981)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 75 (1981), S. 258-261 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Sleep ; Diazepam ; Alprazolam
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract One group of eight normal young males was administered three doses of alprazolam (0.25, 0.5 and 1.0 mg) and placebo, while a second group of eight normal young males was given three doses of diazepam (2, 5, and 10 mg) and placebo in the same design. All subjects slept in the sleep laboratory for 10 nights, 2 consecutive nights each week for 5 consecutive weeks. The first 2 nights served as adaptation. During the next 4 weeks subjects received a random dose of alprazolam (or placebo) or a random dose of diazepam (or placebo) each week. Similar dose-related benzodiazepine effects were found on sleep with both medications. Alprazolam reduced percent stage 4 and REM sleep and increased stage 2 sleep and latency to REM. Diazepam decreased percent stage 1 and increased percent stage 2 sleep. No drug by dose interactions were found. It was concluded that, while both drugs had similar effects on sleep, alprazolam showed significant effects on REM sleep parameters and might be evaluated for possible antidepressant effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00432435
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    β-Ether cleavage of the lignin model compound 4-ethoxy-3-methoxyphenylglycerol-β-guaiacyl ether and derivatives by Phanerochaete chrysosporium (1981)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 129 (1981), S. 141-145 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Phanerochaete chrysosporium ; Lignin model compounds ; Lignin metabolism ; β-aryl ether dimers ; β-ether cleavage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The white rot basidiomycete Phanerochaete chrysosporium metabolized 4-ethoxy-3-methoxyphenyl-glycerol-β-guaiacyl ether (V) in low nitrogen, stationary cultures under which conditions the ligninolytic enzyme system is expressed. 4-Ethoxy-3-methoxyphenylglycerol XIII, guaicol and 4-ethoxy-3-methoxybenzyl alcohol (II) were isolated as metabolic products. Exogenously added XIII was rapidly converted to 4-ethoxy-3-methoxybenzyl alcohol indicating that it is an intermediate in the metabolism of V. P. chrysosporium also metabolized 1-(4′-ethoxy-3′-methoxyphenyl)-2-(2″-methoxyphenoxy)-3-hydroxypropane VI. The degradation pathway for this dimer also included initial β-ether cleavage and α-hydroxylation of the diol product 1-(4′-ethoxy-3′-methoxyphenyl) 2,3 dihydroxypropane (XI) to yield the triol XIII which was cleaved at the α, β bond to yield 4-ethoxy-3-methoxybenzyl alcohol. Finally P. chrysosporium also cleaved the dimer 1-(4′-ethoxy-3′-methoxyphenyl)-2-(2″-methoxyphenoxy)-1-hydroxypropane (VIII) at the β-ether linkage yielding 1-(4′-ethoxy-3′-methoxyphenyl) 1,2 dihydroxypropane (IX) which was subsequently cleaved at the α, β bond to yield II. All of the results indicate that oxidative β-ether cleavage is an important initial reaction in the metabolism of β-aryl ether lignin substructure dimeric compounds. Metabolities were identified after comparison with chemically synthesized standards by gas liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00455350
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Direct cleavage of the vicinal diol linkage of the lignin model compound dihydroanisoin by the basidiomycete Phanerochaete chrysosporium (1983)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 134 (1983), S. 299-302 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Phanerochaete chrysosporium ; Vicinal diol cleavage ; Lignin model compounds ; Dihydroanisoin ; Anlsyl alcohol ; White rot basidiomycete ; Anisaldehyde ; Cytochrome P-450 ; Activated oxygen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The white rot basidiomycete Phanerochaete chrysosporium metabolized dihydroanisoin (1,2-dianisylethane-1,2 diol) in low nitrogen stationary cultures, conditions under which the ligninolytic system is expressed. Anisyl alcohol was isolated as a metabolic product indicating an initial diol bond cleavage of the substrate. Use of 3H-labeled dihydroanisoin (1,2-dianisylethane-1,2-diol-1,2 3H) indicated that the diol bond was cleaved directly, yielding anisyl aldehyde as the initial product. The metabolically stable ketol anisoin was shown not be an intermediate in the metabolism of dihydroanisoin. The diol cleavage reaction was dependent on the concentration of molecular oxygen but O2 could be replaced by H2O2 under some conditions. The cleavage reaction was inhibited by exogenously-added tyrosine2-Cu2+ complex (TCC). The appearance of the fungal diol cleavage system parallels the appearance of the ligninolytic system under a variety of physiological conditions. In addition, preincubation of ligninolytic cultures with 2.5 mM l-glutamate represses both the ligninolytic and the diol cleavage activities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00407806
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metabolism of the lignin model compounds veratrylglycerol-β-guaiacyl ether and 4-ethoxy-3-methoxyphenylglycerol-β-guaiacyl ether by Phanerochaete chrysosporium (1980)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 125 (1980), S. 227-231 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Phanerochaete chrysosporium ; Lignin model compounds ; β-aryl ether dimers ; Metabolism αβ cleavage ; Veratryl alcohol ; 4-ethoxy-3-methoxybenzyl alcohol ; Alkyl-phenyl cleavage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The white rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium metabolized the lignin model compounds veratylglycerol-β-guaiacyl ether I and 4-ethoxy-3-methoxy-phenylglycerol-β-guaiacyl ether V in stationary culture under an atmosphere of 100% oxygen and under nitrogen limiting conditions. 2-(o-methoxyphenoxy)-ethanol VII was identified as a product of the metabolism of both substrates. Veratryl alcohol and 4-ethoxy-3-methoxybenzyl alcohol IV were identified as metabolites of I and V respectively. Metabolites were identified after comparison with chemically synthesized standards by mass spectrometry. These results indicate the existence of an enzyme system capable of directly cleaving the etherated dimers I and V at the α, β bond. The additional identification of 2-(o-methoxyphenoxy)-1,3 propanediol IX as a metabolic product indicates that cleavage of the alkyl-phenyl bond of these dimers or their metabolites also occurs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00446881
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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