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  • 1980-1984  (11)
  • Life and Medical Sciences  (7)
  • Chemical Engineering  (3)
  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evolutionary loss of a neural pathway from the nervous system of a fly (Glossina morsitans/Diptera) (1983)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 175 (1983), S. 27-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Three pairs of specialized axons found in other muscoid flies are absent in the tsetse, Glossina morsitans, which also lacks the tergotrochanteral muscle. Neither light nor electron microscopy could demonstrate any evidence for the cervical giant fiber axon, the peripherally synapsing axon, or the tergotrochanteral motor axon. The specialized characteristics of these axons must have been altered during the evolution of Glossina. This divergence of individual neurons from the more typical muscoid pattern not only demonstrates the evolutionary modification of specific identified cells; it may also provide an opportunity to study the ontogenetic determination of unique neuronal features.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051750104
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fiber type composition and postmetamorphic growth of anuran hindlimb muscles (1981)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 170 (1981), S. 321-345 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Fiber type composition distinguished by the level of succinic dehydrogenase, mean fiber diameter, and fiber number were determined for the gracilis major and sartorius in ontogenetic series of the anurans Rana pipiens, Bufo americanus, and Xenopus laevis to characterize muscle composition and mode of muscle growth.A correlation can be made between the respective locomotor mode of these anurans, their activity physiology, and the fiber type composition of the propulsive muscles. R. pipiens and X. laevis have hindlimb muscles composed primarily of fast-twitch, fast-fatiguing type 1 fibers. B. americanus's muscles are composed of slow-twitch, slow-fatiguing type 2 and type 3 fibers. Fiber typing is apparently useful in explaining interspecific anuran locomotor capability previously difficult to correlate with body shape. Fiber typing also affords an explantion for reported variations in metabolism during strenuous activity.Postmetamorphically, anuran muscles grow by a combination of hyperplasia and hypertrophy, but the percent fiber type composition remains unchanged. In R. pipiens and X. laevis, the muscles grow primarily by hypertrophy with the addition of relatively fewer fibers. The converse is true for B. americanus. In all three species the combinations result in strong positive allometric increases in muscle cross section. Anuran muscle growth is similar to that reported for fish and different from that associated with mammals.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051700305
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution and structure of the adrenocortical homologue in the garpike (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    American Journal of Anatomy 160 (1981), S. 231-246 
    Details
    ISSN: 0002-9106
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The microanatomy of the yellow corpuscles (adrenocortical homologue, AH) in the holostean fish, Lepisosteus spp., was studied by serial sectioning, steroid histochemistry, and electron microscopy. The modification of this tissue to short-term ACTH treatment was also observed. The distribution of the AH within the renal tissue of the garpike phylogenetically represents a more advanced condition than that seen in its closest holostean relative, the bowfin, and appears to approximate that in teleosts. The homology of this tissue to vertebrate adrenocortical tissue was established by the positive identification of the enzyme, Δ5-3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, and by the ultrastructural features of the cells before and after ACTH administration.The AH cells possess fine structural features characteristic of steroidogenic cells, namely, polymorphic mitochondria with tubular cristae, abundant tubules of smooth endoplasmic reticulum, a prominent Golgi complex, and lipid droplets. Other interesting features include the presence of annulate lamellae and a variety of dense bodies. Digitonin perfusion results in the deposition of presumed, cholesterol-digitonide crystalline spicules on the surface microplicae of the cells and as dense accumulations in association with smooth endoplasmic reticulum. ACTH administration results in swelling of mitochondria, a loss of their cristae, and a decrease in electron density of their matrices. Alterations also occur in the smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum, and large osmiophilic inclusions of irregular profile appear. Some of the ACTH-induced modifications are similar to those observed in the adrenocortical cells of other vertebrate groups following comparable stimulation.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aja.1001600302
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinematics of human spermatozoa (1981)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Gamete Research 4 (1981), S. 83-95 
    Details
    ISSN: 0148-7280
    Keywords: human spermatozoa ; flagellum ; motion ; microcinematography ; kinematics ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A microcinematographic (50 f/s) study was performed on motile human spermatozoa. Eighty percent were found to have a linear trajectory and a pseudo-sinusoidal head displacement pattern. Throughout their progression, the spermatozoa periodically rotated on their longitudinal axis at a frequency equal to that of flagellar wave formation. These waves were found always to begin on the same side of the cell and to propagate in the flattened plane of the head until the moment of rotation. At this time the wave had reached a point near the middle of the flagellum. Beyond this point, the flagellum moves out of the plane of the head. Different variables used to characterize the movement of spermatozoa included the velocity of progression, amplitude and velocity of head displacement, frequency of rotation, wave amplitude, and propagation velocity of the flagellar wave. Among these variables, it was the propagation velocity of the wave that was found to be best correlated with the velocity of spermatozoan progression. This flagellar wave exhibited two stages, one of initiation and one of propagation.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1120040202
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface and internal antigens of rat spermatozoa distinguished using monoclonal antibodies (1983)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Gamete Research 8 (1983), S. 255-265 
    Details
    ISSN: 0148-7280
    Keywords: antigens ; plasma membrane ; intracellular ; monoclonal antibodies ; spermatozoa ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Fluorescent antibody labeling techniques are frequently used to investigate the topography of antigens on spermatozoa. It is generally assumed that these procedures detect molecules only on the sperm surface but we now show that this assumption is not always valid. Using monoclonal antibodies that recognize either surface or internal antigens we demonstrate how spurious conclusions can be made, and we suggest simple procedures for assigning the position of an antigen to the cell surface or to an intracellular organelle. Antibodies against plasma membrane antigens should stain 100% of normal intact spermatozoa, but this proportion should be greatly reduced if the spermatozoa have previously been demembranated. If ≪ 100% of spermatozoa are stained but the proportion increases following permeabilization, then the possibility should be considered that the antigens are intracellular. We conclude that assignment of an antigen to a regional domain on the sperm surface using fluorescent antibody techniques should be validated by a demonstration that the antigen is actually located on the cell surface.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1120080306
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Human sperm motility after migration into, and incubation in, synthetic media (1984)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Gamete Research 9 (1984), S. 131-144 
    Details
    ISSN: 0148-7280
    Keywords: spermatozoa ; human ; motility ; activated motility ; hyperactivated motility ; capacitation ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Ten frames/sec microcinematography (“film”), 1 second timed-exposure photomicrography (“photo”), and laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV) were used to analyse the swimming patterns of human spermatozoa after migration (1 h at 37°C) into an overlying layer of either BWW or Menezo's B2 media. The upper layer of medium was carefully removed and further incubated at 37°C for either 4 h (B2) or 5 h (BWW) and the sperm motility analysed again. Five experiments were performed using semen from different donors. Film and photo analyses gave the relative incidence of nonprogressive and progressively motile spermatozoa plus, for the progressive spermatozoa, the velocities of progression (Vp) and amplitudes of lateral head displacement (Ah). LDV gave the percentage of motile spermatozoa and the modal instantaneous velocity (Vm). All postmigration sperm populations showed large significant increases in the percentage of motile spermatozoa, with good survival during incubation. The progressive postmigration spermatozoa generally moved with greater Vp and Ah than in the initial seminal plasma-diluted material; Vm was also increased. There were further increases in both Vp and Ah during incubation, but no change in Vm was detected. While the majority of spermatozoa were progressive, some showed a highly active pattern of movement which resulted in no net forward progression. The possible homology between these spermatozoa and the “hyperactivated” motility of capacitated spermatozoa in other mammalian species is discussed. Apparent discrepancies between the three methods used for motility analysis were seen, the possible causes and significances of which are also discussed.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1120090203
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of the flagellar wave development and propagation on the human sperm movement in seminal plasma (1984)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Gamete Research 9 (1984), S. 183-195 
    Details
    ISSN: 0148-7280
    Keywords: flagellar wave ; human spermatozoa ; microcinematography ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Microcinematographic analysis (50 frames/sec) of the movement of 57 ejaculated human spermatozoa showed a heterogeneity of the flagellar parameters (velocity of the wave development (Vd), velocity of the wave propagation (Vc), beat frequency) corresponding to that of head trajectories (progressive velocity and amplitude of the lateral head displacement). According to our results the interdoublet sliding velocity might control the progressive velocity of the spermatozoa through the wave propagation velocity. The presence of the principal bend on the proximal part of the flagellum (20 μm) might inhibit the initiation of a new wave. The complex relation existing between Vc and Vd seems to indicate that the two velocities are partly independent of one another.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1120090208
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Capillary gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric analysis of abnormal metabolites in hypoglycin-treated rat urine (1984)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 11 (1984), S. 332-339 
    Details
    ISSN: 0306-042X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Numerous abnormal metabolites were identified in large amounts in the urine of hypoglycin-treated rats using capillary gas chromatography/mass spectrometry-computer analysis. These metabolites are not detectable in significant amounts in normal rats' urine. Ten of them have not been previously associated with hypoglycin administration: these are several hydroxy compounds, including those from the valine and isoleucine pathways, 2-oxo-adipic acid, n-butyrylglycine and isovaleryl glucuronide. These results indicate that the pathways of isoleucine and valine netabolism are inhibited at their respective acyl-CoA dehydrogenation steps, as is the case for fatty acid, leucine and lysine metabolism, as previously shown. The mass spectra of the trimethylsilyl derivatives of cis, cis-4,7-decadiene-1,10-dioic, cis-4-decene-1,10-dioic, cis-4-octene-1,8-dioic acids, and (methylenecyclopropyl)acetylglycine, which were previously identified using nuclear magnetic resonance and oxidative cleavage or acid hydrolysis, are presented for the first time.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200110704
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Repair of TMI-1 OTSG tube failures. Use of a kinetic tube-expansion process to resesal tubes within the upper tube sheet provides a cost-effective and relatively low-expousure repair process (1983)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Plant/Operations Progress 2 (1983), S. 173-175 
    Details
    ISSN: 0278-4513
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prsb.720020312
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Test method evaluation for fiber-reinforced molding materials (1980)
    Brookfield, Conn. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Composites 1 (1980), S. 56-61 
    Details
    ISSN: 0272-8397
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Standard test methods ASTM D-651 for determining tensile properties and ASTM D-790 for flexure properties are evaluated. Heterogeneous fiber distributions due to molding flow conditions are shown to yield test specimens wherein fiber orientation near surfaces is highly collimated while orientations in central regions are oriented approximately transverse to the specimen axis. In addition, the converging and diverging flow fields in the dog bone (ASTM D-651) specimen with end gate are shown to yield a variation in fiber orientation along the specimen length. Finite element analysis of the dog bone (ASTM D-651) reveals that stress concentrations and a non-uniform stress distribution are introduced due to the required gripping arrangement of the test standard. The flexural specimen is decomposed into two elements of a collimated and transverse fiber orientations and a mathematical model is developed which reflects the composite behavior of the beam specimen. Finally, it is concluded that the D-651 and D-790 test methods do not reveal intrinsic design data for fiber reinforced molding materials.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pc.750010111
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