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Controlled comparison of the pharmacodynamic effects of nicorandil (SG-75) and isosorbide dinitrate in man (1984)

Belz, G. G. ; Matthews, J. ; Heinrich, J. ; [et al.]

Springer

European journal of clinical pharmacology 26 (1984), S. 681-685

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ISSN: 1432-1041

Keywords: nicorandil ; isosorbide dinitrate ; systolic time intervals ; echocardiography ; preload ; afterload ; nitrate haemodynamic actions

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine

Notes: Summary Nicorandil (SG-75) is a long acting mononitrate. A randomized, double-blind, crossover study in 10 healthy subjects has compared the haemodynamic actions of single sublingual doses of nicorandil 15, 30 and 60 mg with Isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) 5 mg and placebo. Heart rate, blood pressure, systolic time intervals (STI) and left ventricular echocardiograms were used to assess haemodynamics over a 6 h period. Within 15 min of nicorandil administration, heart rate increased and peripheral resistance decreased (dose-dependent); the preejection period (corrected; PEPc) and the ratio of PEP to left ventricular ejection time (LVET) — PEP/LVET — were shortened by the 60 mg dose; the heart rate corrected electromechanical systole (QS2c) was almost unchanged; left ventricular end diastolic and systolic diameters (EDD and ESD) were diminished. The effects on certain parameters had not completely disappeared after 6 h. ISDN produced a similar pattern with somewhat less intense effects; although PEPc and PEP/LVET were prolonged. The effects of both drugs can be attributed to vasodilatation on both the arteriolar and venous sides. The predominant action of ISDN was to reduce preload and thereby to lengthen PEPc and PEP/LVET; in addition, it lessened afterload. Although nicorandil caused a distinct reduction in preload, as shown by the smaller EDD, the effects of afterload reduction were predominant at the high dose induced shortening of PEPc and PEP/LVET. The profile of action of nicorandil should encourage clinical testing to evaluate its ability to induce ventricular unloading.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00541925

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Mechanical Properties of Silicon Nitride (1980)

Knoch, H. ; Heinrich, J.

Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell

Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 11 (1980), S. 361-367

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ISSN: 0933-5137

Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics

Description / Table of Contents: Mechanische Eigenschaften von SiliciumnitridDie mechanischen Raumtemperatureigenschaften von reaktionsgebundenem und heißgepreßtem Siliciumnitrid werden unter Berücksichtigung des Gefüges dieser Werkstoffe besprochen.Materialbedingte Gefügeeigenschaften zeigen einen ausgeprägten Einfluß auf die Festigkeit. Bei reaktionsgebundenem Siliciumnitrid sind dies der Volumenanteil der Porosität und die Porengrößenverteilung im Werkstoff. Im Falle des heißgepreßten Siliciumnitrids beeinflussen der Volumenanteil der während der α/β-Phasenumwandlung gebildeten stäbchenförmigen β-Körner und deren Korngrößenverteilung die Festigkeit.

Notes: The room temperature mechanical properties of reaction bonded and hot-pressed silicon nitride are reviewed with respect to the microstructure of the material. It is shown that the strength of these compounds is predominantly controlled by microstructural features. These are the volume fraction of porosity and the pore size distribution for reaction bonded Si3N4, and the volume fraction of elongated transformed β grains and their grain size for hot-pressed Si3N4.

Additional Material: 10 Ill.