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  • 1980-1984  (3)
  • Fetus  (1)
  • Microcephaly  (1)
  • Nephrosialidosis  (1)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Ultrastructure ; Fetus ; Nervous system ; GM1-gangliosidosis type 1
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The nervous system of a 22-week-old fetus with GM1-gangliosidosis type 1 was studied by electron microscopy. The tissues thus examined were the cerebral cortex at the parietal region, the cerebellum, the thoracic spinal cord, the Auerbach's myenteric plexus in the large intestine and the radial nerve fibers. In the cerebral cortex, membrane-bound vacuoles, which occasionally contained stacks of fine fibrils, were observed in the large young neurons in the deeper part of the cortical plate. The neurons in the other part of the cerebral cortex carried no storage materials. In the cerebellum, the membrane-bound vacuoles with stacks of fine fibrils were seen only in the Purkinje cells. The neurons in the spinal cord also contained several zebra-like bodies and the above membrane-bound vacuoles. As for the peripheral nervous system (PNS), neurons in the Auerbach's myenteric plexus carried membranous cytoplasmic bodies and zebra-like bodies. Some of the axons in the radial nerve fibers also contained a lot of pleomorphic electron-dense bodies and a few membranous cytoplasmic ones. These results show that the accumulation of storage materials is started in the large neurons which are produced in the early stage of neurogenesis in the central nervous system (CNS). Additionally, the observed membrane-bound vacuoles are considered to be structures which occur before the membranous cytoplasmic bodies and/or the zebra-like bodies. It is also elucidated that the PNS is affected earlier than the cerebral and cerebellar cortices and thoracic spinal cord.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Cytosine arabinoside ; Mice ; Microcephaly ; Cerebral cortex ; Hippocampus ; Abnormal cytoarchitecture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Pregnant mice were treated with cytosine arabinoside on days 13.5 and 14.5 of pregnancy. Brains of the offspring were studied histologically. The matrix layer of the embryonic brains was extensively destroyed 12h after the injection of cytosine arabinoside, but regenerated partially on day 17 of gestation. In the cerebral cortex of 1-, 3-, and 5-day-old treated mice, abnormal clusters of young neurons were found on the surface of the developing cerebral cortex. Some clusters still had a supply of immature neurons from the remnants of the regenerated matrix layer. After 20 days, the clusters became gradually indistinct, although some vestigial groups of neurons were observed even after 120 days. In the hippocampus of young mice, the pyramidal cells decreased in number and were disarranged. Heterotopic pyramidal cell masses were found in the stratum radiatum and in the molecular layer of the dentate gyrus. Apical dendrites of pyramidal cells exhibited abnormal arborization. It was demonstrated by3H-thymidine autoradiography that young neurons in the abnormal clusters in the cerebral cortex were those produced in the matrix layer regenerated after the destructive change by cytosine arabinoside.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: β-Galactosidase ; α-Neuraminidase ; Sialidosis ; Nephrosialidosis ; GM1-Gangliosidosis type 1
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We observed a 3-month-old Japanese female infant with severe psychomotor retaration, coarse facial appearance, hepatosplenomegaly, and dysostosis multiplex. Only β-galactosidase was found to be deficient when the routine lysosomal hydrolase assay was performed on the patient's lymphocytes at 6 months of age. At first GM1-gangliosidosis type 1 seemed the most likely diagnosis. Later, however, additional studies (hydrolase assay in cultured skin fibroblasts, urinary oligosaccharide analysis, genetic complementation study, etc.) revealed that biochemical data of this case were in agreement with those of severe infantile sialidosis. The only important exception was that α-neuraminidase in the patient's lymphocytes showed normal activity but abnormal pH dependence toward 4-methylumbellyferyl substrate. In addition, a severely damaged kidney suggested that his case may be classified as a unique type of severe infantile sialidosis (possible nephrosialidosis). These observations stress the importance of careful biochemical diagnosis of a case with GM1-gangliosidosis type 1 phenotype.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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