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  • 1980-1984  (3)
  • Insulin  (2)
  • dissolution  (2)
  • artificial B cell  (1)
  • reflex
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glucose metabolism studied isotopically in diabetic dogs: Effect of restoration of peripheral normoinsulinaemia by the artificial B cell (1983)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 25 (1983), S. 411-417 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Diabetic dog ; artificial B cell ; glucose metabolism ; tracer kinetics in vivo ; lactate ; carbon recirculation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Normoglycaemia, peripheral normoinsulinaemia, and normoglucagonaemia were restored acutely in chronically diabetic dogs, using an extracorporal artificial B cell with peripheral venous insulin administration. Glucose metabolism was analysed by a non-steady-state tracer technique with double-labelled glucose (6-3H-and U-14C-glucose), and the incorporation of the 14C label into plasma lactate was determined. In the basal state, glucose turnover rates were not different from those in non-diabetic controls; but recirculation of the glucose-C label through the Cori cycle, and lactate labelling from glucose utilization were decreased. The glycaemic response to an intravenous infusion of non-labelled glucose was distinctly enhanced. This was based on a reduction in the rates of glucose disappearance. Its rates of appearance (total endogenous glucose production) were, however, suppressed to a normal extent by the exogenous glucose. Accordingly carbon recycling was nearly totally suppressed during the glucose infusion as in the controls. It is concluded that metabolic recompensation in these fasting, resting diabetic dogs remained incomplete because the interval of normoinsulinaemia, which obviously applied only to the peripheral circulation, was not long enough.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00282520
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A physiological solvent for crystalline insulin (1981)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 20 (1981), S. 51-53 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Insulin ; crystal ; dissolution ; bicarbonate ; pH
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Insulin is insoluble in water at physiological pH, but dissolves relatively rapidly in plasma. To quantify the ability of various solutions to dissolve crystalline insulin, a simple assay measuring dissolution time was developed. At pH 7.5 and room temperature, distilled water, 0.154 mol/1 NaCl, Ringer's lactate solution, and 5% albumin in 0.154 mol/1 NaCl did not dissolve insulin crystals within 30 min. Normal postprandial human plasma and a proteinfree cell culture medium dissolved insulin crystals within 3 to 8 min. This ability was inhibited by acid titration of the fluids to a stable pH of 6.30, at which point bicarbonate depletion could be implied. Repletion of bicarbonate did restore the ability of these solutions to dissolve insulin crystals, but back-titration to the initial pH with NaOH did not. The effect of sodium bicarbonate alone was strongly concentration dependent above 23 mmol/1. We suggest that the ability of physiological fluids to dissolve insulin crystals at normal pH depends on their bicarbonate content. The ability to dissolve insulin with a physiological solvent which prevents its reaggregation promises to facilitate its use in portable pumping systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00253817
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A physiological solvent for crystalline insulin (1981)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 21 (1981), S. 51-53 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Insulin ; crystal ; dissolution ; bicarbonate ; pH
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Insulin is insoluble in water at physiological pH, but dissolves relatively rapidly in plasma. To quantify the ability of various solutions to dissolve crystalline insulin, a simple assay measuring dissolution time was developed. At pH 7.5 and room temperature, distilled water, 0.154 mol/l NaCl, Ringer's lactate solution, and 5% albumin in 0.154 mol/l NaCl did not dissolve insulin crystals within 30 min. Normal postprandial human plasma and a protein-free cell culture medium dissolved insulin crystals within 3 to 8 min. This ability was inhibited by acid titration of the fluids to a stable pH of 6.30, at which point bicarbonate depletion could be implied. Repletion of bicarbonate did restore the ability of these solutions to dissolve insulin crystals, but back-titration to the initial pH with NaOH did not. The effect of sodium bicarbonate alone was strongly concentration dependent above 23 mmol/l. We suggest that the ability of physiological fluids to dissolve insulin crystals at normal pH depends on their bicarbonate content. The ability to dissolve insulin with a physiological solvent which prevents its raggregation promises to facilitate its use in portable pumping systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01789114
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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