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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chlorpyrifos: The photodecomposition rates in dilute aqueous solution and on a surface, and the volatilization rate from a surface (1983)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 12 (1983), S. 189-193 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Energietechnik , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The combined photolysis-hydrolysis rate of chlorpyrifos in water at 25†C followed simple first-order kinetics at 9 × 10−7M concentration. In buffered, distilled water at pH 5.0, 6.9, and 8.0, the half-life was 11.0, 12.2, and 7.8 days, respectively. The half-life of the isolated photolysis reaction was 13.9, 21.7 and 13.1 days, respectively. Qualitatively, the products of the combined photolysis-hydrolysis reactions with chlorpyrifos wereO-ethylO-(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl)-phosphorothioate, 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol, and five radioactive unknowns, one of which was thought to contain H14CO 3 − . Loss rates of chlorpyrifos due to photodecomposition on and volatilization from an inert surface at 25†C were best represented by first-order processes. The half-life for disappearance of chlorpyrifos was 3.2 and 0.3 days, respectively. The results reported herein suggest that on those occasions when chlorpyrifos shows reduced efficacy in the field, volatility loss may be the primary cause. The rates of photolysis and hydrolysis reactions are sufficiently fast that the compound will not persist in bodies of water, nor will the compound present any problems relative to field reentry safety intervals.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01059580
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Lindane degradation by cell-free extracts of Clostridium rectum (1980)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 125 (1980), S. 221-225 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Schlagwort(e): Clostridium rectum ; Lindane degradation ; Stickland reaction ; Monochlorobenzene ; Tetrachlorocyclohexene ; Reductive dechlorination
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract For lindane degradation, a cell suspension of Clostridium rectum strain S-17 demands the addition of substrates such as leucine, alanine, pyruvate, a leucine-proline mixture, and molecular hydrogen. In the presence of leucine-proline mixture, lindane decomposed in parallel with isovaleric acid formation, and both lindane degradation and isovaleric acid formation were inhibited by monoiodoacetic acid, suggesting a close relation between lindane degradation and the Stickland reaction. Lindane was degraded by cell-free extracts of C. rectum in the presence of dithiothreitol (DTT). Radiogaschromatograms of n-hexane soluble metabolites from [14C] lindane showed the presence of monochlorobenzene and γ-3,4,5,6-tetrachlorocyclohexene, Leucine, NADH, and NADPH were somewhat less active than DTT for lindane degradation in cell-free extracts. Reductive dechlorination seemed the major route of lindane degradation in cell-free extracts as well as in the intact cells of C. rectum.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00446880
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    ATP synthesis associated with the conversion of hexachlorocyclohexane related compounds (1982)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 131 (1982), S. 330-333 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Schlagwort(e): Chlostridium rectum ; Chlorobenzene ; HCH conversion ; Stickland reaction ; ATP synthesis ; Dechlorination
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Clostridium rectum strain S-17 converts γ-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) related compounds to chlorobenzenes. The metabolites from γ-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexene and γ-1,3,4,5,6-pentachlorocyclohexene are identified as 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene and 1,4-dichlorobenzene, respectively. ATP synthesis, converting these chlorinated compounds, is observed in the cell suspension of C. rectum as indicated by luciferase-luciferin reaction and phosphorylation of 32P-labeled phosphate. These observation lead to the conclusion that HCH and related compounds serve as artificial electron acceptors of the Stickland reaction, and therefore, the reductive dechlorination is associated with ATP synthesis.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00411180
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