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  • 1
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Two experiments were carried out to determine whether the differences in intake and feeding value previously shown between two grass cultivars when offered to ruminants as chopped artificially dehydrated (dried) material could also be demonstrated when the grasses were offered in other forms. Two cultivars of tetraploid Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum), Sabalan and Tetila, were established in the same field in 1975. In 1976 they were grazed and conserved (two cuts of primary growth) as dried material or as silage.The composition of the herbage selected at pasture and conserved showed higher concentrations of normal detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre in the dry matter for Tetila than for Sabalan, but differences between cultivars in digestibility were small. In both grazing and winter feeding trials differences in voluntary intake between the two cultivars were not significant, but at pasture young beef cattle spent less time grazing and tended to spend more time ruminating on Tetila than Sabalan. There was no measure of animal performance at pasture but liveweight gain was 15% higher for Sabalan than Tetila when both were offered to young beef cattle as the sole feed of dried grass or of silage. The voluntary intakes of the three forms of feed were very similar, which in part reflected a similarity in digestibility. However, gains were lower for calves given silage than those given dried grass. This may have been due to a lower efficiency in the utilization of the nitrogeneous components of silage for tissue growth than those of dried grass.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Optic axons ; Normal development ; Synaptic plasticity ; Goldfish
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Optic axons were cut in the goldfish optic nerve or tectum, filled with horseradish peroxidase and traced in tectal wholemounts. Many of them ran in conspicuous fascicles which curved across the tectum. Axons from central nasal retina, which ran in the most rostral fascicles, turned abruptly as they left these fascicles; ran caudally in a diffuse, parallel array for up to half the tectal length; and passed beneath more caudal fascicles to innervate the caudal half-tectum. Axons from peripheral nasal retina ran in the most caudal fascicles and terminated near their turning-points. Axons from temporal retina entered the tectum at its rostral margin and ran caudally from their points of entry to innervate the rostral halftectum. The resultant pattern was entirely consistent with the proposal that a slow caudal migration of optic terminals compensates during normal development for disparate modes of retinal and tectal growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 51 (1983), S. 433-442 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Optic axons ; Regeneration ; Optictectum ; Retrograde tracing ; Goldfish
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary To compare the distributions of normal and regenerated optic axons in the goldfish tectum, small groups of axons crossing the rostromedial tectum were cut and filled with horseradish peroxidase which subsequently revealed the retinal locations of their somata. In normal fish, the peroxidase-filled ganglion cells were virtually confined to a narrow arc spanning the ventronasal quadrant of the retina. In fish with regenerated visual projections (50–736 days after optic nerve transection, optic nerve crush or deflection of optic axons to the ipsilateral tectum) the filled cells were distributed across the full extent of the retina from centre to periphery and were less rigidly confined within appropriate quadrants. The absence of any detectable arc of filled cells in the ventronasal quadrant after regeneration showed that few, if any, of the regenerated axons followed their original paths across the tectum. Quantitative analysis of local cell distributions indicated that axons were re-routed independently rather than in groups. Nevertheless, axons consistently displayed a crude bias towards appropriate tectal regions, even in ipsilateral tecta where the relative positions of these regions are inverted. These results imply that regenerating optic axons are widely scattered by the effects of surgery. They may subsequently show preferences for appropriate central paths but with a resolution too low to define much more than the orientation of the retino-tectal map. Since there is both anatomical and electrophysiological evidence that regenerated optic terminal arborizations eventually adopt a precise retinotopic arrangement, this arrangement must chiefly reflect ordering mechanisms which act in the final stages of axon growth or synapsis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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