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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effects of intracerebroventricular injection of clonidine on metabolic, respiratory, vasomotor and temperature responses in the rabbit (1981)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 315 (1981), S. 195-201 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Schlagwort(e): Clonidine ; 5-Hydroxytryptamine ; Hypothermia ; Metabolic rate ; Cutaneous vasodilatation ; Respiration
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary 1. The thermoregulatory outputs (including metabolic, respiratory and vasomotor activities) produced by an injection of clonidine or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) into the third cerebral ventricle of conscious rabbits were assessed at three different ambient temperatures (T a) of 2, 22 and 32°C. 2. When injected into the third cerebral ventricle, both clonidine and 5-HT produced a dose-dependent hypothermia in rabbits at both 2 and 22°C T a. The hypothermia was due to a decrease in metabolic heat production (M) at 2°C T a, while at 22°C T a the hypothermia was due to cutaneous vasodilatation. There were no changes in respiratory evaporative heat loss. 3. Furthermore, the clonidine-induced hypothermia was greatly reduced by pretreatment of the animals with either 5,6-dihydroxytryptamine (impairment of central 5-HT pathways) or yohimbine (alpha-adrenergic blocking agent), but not by 6-hydroxydopamine (impairment of central catecholamine pathways). 4. The results indicate that clonidine may act on the α-adrenergic receptors located on central 5-HT pathways to produce a hypothermic action by promoting a decrease in heat production or an increase in heat loss in the rabbit.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00499835
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Serotonergic mechanisms in the hypothalamus mediate thermoregulatory responses in rats (1983)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 322 (1983), S. 271-278 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Schlagwort(e): 5-Hydroxytryptamine ; Hypothalamus ; Thermoregulation ; Raphe nucleus ; Hypothermia
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary 1. Either electrical stimulation of midbrain raphe nuclei or administration of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT; serotonin) into the preoptic anterior hypothalamus caused hypothermia in conscious rats at ambient temperatures (T a) of both 8° C and 22°C. The hypothermia was due to decreased metabolic heat production at T a=8°C, while at T a=22°C the hypothermia was due to both decreased metabolism and increased heat loss (cutaneous vasodilatation). However, at T a=30°C, electrical stimulation of midbrain raphe or intrahypothalamic injection of 5-HT caused an insignificant change in the thermoregulatory responses. There was no changes in respiratory evaporative heat loss in response to these treatments at various T a's. 2. Direct administration of the serotonergic receptor antagonists such as cyproheptadine and methysergide into the preoptic anterior hypothalamus caused hyperthermia in conscious rats at T a's of 8°C, 22°C and 30°C. The hyperthermia was due to increased metabolism and cutaneous vasoconstriction. 3. The hypothermia induced by intrahypothalamic administration of 5-HT was antagonized by pretreatment with an intrahypothalamic dose of either cyproheptadine or methysergide in rats at T a=22°C. 4. Inhibition of 5-HT neuronal activity with administration of 5-HT into the midbrain raphe regions also caused hyperthermia, increased metabolism and cutaneous vasoconstriction in rats at T a's of 8°C, 22°C and 30°C. 5. These observations tend to suggest that the functional activity of serotonergic receptors in the preoptic anterior hypothalamus mediates thermoregulatory responses in the rat. Activation of serotonergic receptors in the hypothalamus decreases heat production and/or increases heat loss, while inhibition of serotonergic receptors in the hypothalamus increases heat production and/or decreases heat loss in the rat.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00508342
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effects of hypothalamic noradrenaline depletion with 6-hydroxydopamine on the body temperature regulation of the rat (1984)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 325 (1984), S. 131-135 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Schlagwort(e): Noradrenaline ; Hypothalamus ; Dopamine ; Thermoregulation ; 6-Hydroxydopamine ; Hyperthermia ; Metabolism-vasoconstriction
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary 1. Rats which had been pretreated with 3 intrahypothalamic doses of 10 μg of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) to cause a selective depletion of hypothalamic noradrenaline to 26.7% of control hypothalamic noradrenaline maintained rectal temperature within the normal limits displayed by the control group. However, noradrenalinedepleted rats displayed a decrease in both cutaneous temperature and metabolic heat production in the cold (8°C). 2. Intrahypothalamic injections of 6-OHDA in normal rats at room temperature (22°C) caused an acute hyperthermia of up to 1.1°C which lasted for about 6 h. The acute hyperthermia in response to 6-OHDA was due to both cutaneous vasoconstriction and increased metabolism in the rat. Selective depletion of hypothalamic noradrenaline without affecting hypothalamic dopamine by prior treatment with 6-OHDA markedly reduced the hyperthermic responses to a subsequent dose of 6-OHDA. Therefore, the acute hyperthermic responses to 6-OHDA may be related to a release of noradrenaline in the hypothalamus. 3. The data indicate that activation of noradrenergic pathways in the hypothalamus facilities heat production and inhibits heat loss mechanisms in the rat.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00506192
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Clonidine-induced hypothermia: Possible involvement of cholinergic and serotonergic mechanisms (1984)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 326 (1984), S. 124-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Schlagwort(e): Clonidine ; Hypothalamus ; 5-Hydroxytryptamine ; Acetylcholine ; Thermoregulation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary 1. The thermoregulatory effects (including metabolic, vasomotor and respiratory activities) produced by an injection of clonidine (1–3 μg in 0.5 μl) into the preoptic anterior hypothalamus were assessed in conscious rats at ambient temperatures (T a) of 8, 22 and 30°C. 2. Intrahypothalamic administration of clonidine caused a dose-dependent fall in rectal temperature at T a 8°C and 22°C. The hypothermia in response to clonidine was due to decreased metabolic heat production and/or cutaneous vasodilation. There was no change in respiratory evaporative heat loss. 3. The clonidine-induced hypothermic response was attenuated by pretreatment of the rats with either 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine (10 μg, administered intrahypothalamicly, 14 days before clonidine injection), yohimbine (0.2 μg, administered intrahypothalamicly, 10 min before clonidine injection), cyproheptadine (1 μg, administered intrahypothalamicly, 10 min before clonidine injection), or atropine (0.1 μg, administered intrahypothalamicly, 10 min before clonidine injection). 4. The data indicate that clonidine may act on α-adrenoceptors located on a serotonin-acetylcholine pathway within the preoptic anterior hypothalamus to induce hypothermia by promoting a reduction in metabolic heat production and/or an enhancement in dry heat loss in rats.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00517308
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Intraventricular administration of isoproterenol inhibits both heat production and heat loss mechanisms in rats (1980)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 36 (1980), S. 851-853 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary At an ambient temperature (Ta) of 8°C, intraventricular administration of isoproterenol inhibited metabolic heat production and led to hypothermia in rats. In contrast, at a Ta of 22°C and of 30°C, isoproterenol decreased cutaneous circulation and led to hyperthermia. The data indicate that isoproterenol inhibits both heat production and heat loss mechanisms in rats.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01978609
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effects of thyrotrophic-releasing hormone (TRH) on thermoregulation in the rat (1980)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 36 (1980), S. 1077-1078 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary At ambient temperatures (Ta) of both 8 and 22°C, intraventricular administration of TRH (10–80 μg) produced a dose-dependent hypothermia in rats. The hypothermia was due to both decreased metabolic heat production and cutaneous vasodilatation. In contrast, at 30°C Ta, TRH increased metabolic heat production (due to behavioral excitation) and led to hyperthermia.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01965979
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Blockade of nicotinic receptors in brain with d-tubocurarine induces decreased metabolism, cutaneous vasodilation and hypothermia in rats (1981)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 37 (1981), S. 986-988 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Direct administration of d-tubocurarine into the lateral cerebral ventricle of conscious rats produced decreased metabolism, cutaneous vasodilatation and hypothermia at ambient temperatures of 8–22°C. Also, pretreatment with d-tubocurarine antagonized the arecoline-induced hypothermia.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01971795
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effects of DL-propranolol on the thermoregulatory responses of rats at different ambient temperatures (1981)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 37 (1981), S. 370-371 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Direct administration of propranolol (100–400 μg) into the lateral cerebral ventricle of rats produced a dose-dependent hypothermia at ambient temperatures (Ta) of 8 and 22°C. The hypothermia was due to decreased metabolism and cutaneous vasodilation. The hypothermia induced by propranolol was antagonized by pretreatment with isoproterenol (50 μg).
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01959868
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Lesions in the substantia nigra of rats induce thermoregulatory deficit in the cold (1981)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 37 (1981), S. 284-286 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Rats with either electrolytic or chemical (6-hydroxydopamine) lesions in the substantia nigra displayed decreased metabolism and hypothermia when they were exposed to cold (8 °C Ta), although they showed no deficiency in thermoregulation at both moderate (22 °C) and hot (30 °C) environmental temperatures.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01991657
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Activation of striatal dopamine receptors induces pain inhibition in rats (1981)
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 51 (1981), S. 213-222 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Schlagwort(e): Pain sensitivity ; substantia nigra ; corpus striatum ; dopamine ; apomorphine ; haloperidol ; 6-hydroxydopamine
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary In the rat, elevating dopamine content in corpus striatum with electrical stimulation of substantia nigra or direct administration of apomorphine (50–200μg) into the lateral cerebral ventricle or apomorphine (2–10μg) into the caudate-putamen complex decreased pain sensitivity (as shown by an increase in the latency to hind-paw lick in the hot plate test). Furthermore, the decreased pain sensitivity after the central administration of apomorphine was antagonized by pretreatment with haloperidol (a dopamine antagonist). On the other hand, lowering dopamine content in corpus striatum with electrolytic destruction of substantia nigra and 6-hydroxydopamine lesions to the substantia nigra, as well as direct injection of haloperidol into the lateral cerebral ventricle or caudate-putamen complex increased pain sensitivity. The data indicate that activation of striatal dopamine receptors in rat brain induces pain inhibition.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01248953
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