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  • 1980-1984  (7)
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Material
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Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alterations of Inositol Lipid Metabolism of Rat Sciatic Nerve in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes (1981)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 36 (1981), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: The composition and metabolism of rat sciatic nerve phospholipids were studied 20 weeks after induction of chronic diabetes by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg). On a wet weight basis the nerves from the diabetic animals showed a 7% decrease in total phospholipid from that of controls and a relative decrease in phosphatidylinositol. Incubations of isolated sciatic nerves of diabetic rats in a medium containing [33P]orthophosphate gave decreased labeling of phosphatidylinositol and substantial changes in the labeling pattern of phosphatidylinositol phosphate and 4,5-bisphosphate from that of controls. The ratio of label in these polyphosphoinositides decreased from 2.5 for normal nerve to about 1.0 for diabetic nerve within a 2-h incubation period. These metabolic alterations were not observed in acutely diabetic animals 5 days after streptozotocin (100 mg/kg) administration. Because polyphosphoinositides may be involved in the control of membrane permeability during axonal conduction, alterations in their relative amounts or turnover rates could be related to the physiological changes of early diabetic neuropathy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1981.tb01609.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Sequential Alterations of Endoneurial Cholesterol and Fatty Acid in Wallerian Degeneration and Regeneration (1980)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 35 (1980), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The endoneurial nonpolar lipids were serially examined throughout Wallerian degeneration and regeneration. Following nerve crush in the rat, the endoneurial content of cholesterol falls and cholesteryl ester content rises dramatically. The maximal alteration of this ratio corresponds reasonably well with events of myelin ovoid dissolution to sudanophilic amorphous lipids. Thereafter, as regenerative events overshadow degenerative events the ratio is slowly restored toward normal. The increased cholesteryl esters are probably synthesized within endoneurium from free fatty acids which become available when myelin is degraded. The endoneurial free fatty acid content presumably represents the net effect of phospholipid degradation, cholesterol esterification, cholesteryl ester hydrolysis, and fascicular entry and exit. Free fatty acids become significantly elevated by 12 days, probably reach a peak between 16 and 60 days, and thereafter return to normal with fiber regeneration. The fatty acid composition of cholesteryl esters from crushed nerves is markedly different from those of normal sciatic nerves. The altered fatty acid composition of cholesteryl esters from myelin suggests that both synthesis and hydrolysis exhibit substrate specificity toward chain length and unsaturation, with oleate being the most favored substrate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1980.tb07092.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Early Stimulation of Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis During Wallerian Degeneration of Rat Sciatic Nerve (1982)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 38 (1982), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Phospholipid metabolism was studied in rat sciatic nerve during Wallerian degeneration induced by crush injury. Portions of crushed sciatic nerve, incubated with labeled substrates, showed significantly higher phosphatidylcholine synthesis than normal nerve, prior to any measurable alterations of phospholipid composition. Maximum synthesis occurred 3 days after crush injury, at which time the metabolism of other phospholipids was unchanged. After a rapid decrease in biosynthetic activity, a second phase of enhanced phosphatidylcholine synthesis occurred, beginning 6 days after crush injury. Increased incorporation of [33P]phosphate, [2-3H]glycerol, and [Me-14C]- choline indicated stimulation of de novo synthesis of phosphatidylcholine 3 days after injury. Neither base exchange reactions nor sequential methylation of ethanolamine phospholipids contributed significantly to phosphatidylcholine synthesis. Assay of certain key enzymes under optimal conditions in subcellular fractions of sciatic nerve revealed higher activities of cholinephosphate cytidyltransferase, choline phosphotransferase, and acyl-CoA:lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase in injured nerve, while choline kinase activity remained unchanged. This indicates that stimulation of phosphatidylcholine synthesis occurs via the cytidine nucleotide pathway, as well as by increased acylation of lysophosphatidylcholine. Although the cause of stimulated phosphatidylcholine synthesis remains unexplained, it is possible that trace amounts of lysophospholipids or other metabolites produced by injury-enhanced phospholipase activity may be responsible.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1982.tb07921.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biosynthesis of Long-Chain Alcohols by Developing and Regenerating Rat Sciatic Nerve (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 43 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Cell-free preparations of rat sciatic nerve were found to catalyze the reduction of fatty acid to alcohol in the presence of NADPH as reducing cofactor. The reductase was membrane-bound and associated primarily with the microsomal fraction. When fatty acid was the substrate, ATP, coenzyme A (CoA), and Mg2+ were required, indicating the formation of acyl CoA prior to reduction. When acyl CoA was used as substrate, the presence of albumin was required to inhibit acyl CoA hydro-lase activity. Fatty acid reductase activity was highest with palmitic and stearic acids, and somewhat lower with lauric and myristic acids. It was inhibited by sulfhydryl reagents, indicating the participation of thiol groups in the reduction. Only traces of long-chain aldehyde could be detected or trapped as semicarbazone. Fatty acid reductase activity in rat sciatic nerve was highest between the second and tenth days after birth and decreased substantially thereafter. Microsomal preparations of sciatic nerve from 10-day-old rats exhibited about four times higher fatty acid reductase activity than brain or spinal cord microsomes from the same animals. Wallerian degeneration and regeneration of adult rat sciatic nerve resulted in enhanced fatty acid reductase activity, which reached a maximum at about 12 days after crush injury.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1984.tb00904.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Catabolism of N-Acylethanolamine Phospholipids by Dog Brain Preparations (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 42 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: N-Acylphosphatidylethanolamine, incubated with dog brain homogenate or microsomes, was hydroyzed to phosphatidic acid and N-acylethanolamine by a phosphodiesterase of the phospholipase D type. In the absence of F−, phosphatidic acid was further hydrolyzed to diacylglycerol and Pi while N-acylethanolamine was hydrolyzed by an amidase to fatty acid and ethanolamine. The phosphodiesterase showed an alkaline pH optimum and was also active towards N-acetylphosphatidyletha-nolamine, N-acyl-lysophosphatidylethanolamine, and glycerophospho(N-acyl)ethanolamine but showed little activity toward phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphati-dylcholine. Ca2+ stimulated slightly at low concentrations but inhibited at higher concentrations. Triton X-100 stim ulated the hydrolysis of N-acylphosphatidylethanol-amine, inhibited that of N-acyl-lysophosphatidyletha-nolamine and glycerophospho(N-acyl)ethanolamine, and had no effect on phosphatidylethanolamine or phospha-tidylcholine hydrolysis. The N-acylethanolamine hydrolase (amidase) was also present in the microsomal fraction and exhibited a pH optimum of 10.0. In addition to hydrolysis by the phosphodiesterase, N-acylphosphati-dylethanolamine was also catabolized by microsomal phospholipases A1 and/or A2 to N-acyl-lysophosphati-dylethanolamine, some of which was further hydrolyzed to glycerophospho(N-acyl)ethanolamine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1984.tb12750.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biosynthesis of N-Acylethanolamine Phospholipids by Dog Brain Preparations (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 41 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Dog brain homogenates and subcellular preparations incubated in the presence of Ca2+ produced a new phospholipid that was isolated and identified by its infrared spectrum and by chemical degrActation as a mixture of 1,2-diacyl, alkenylacyl, and alkylacyl sn-glycero-3-phospho(N-acyl)ethanolamines, 50, 45, and 5%, respectively. The TV-acyl groups consisted almost exclusively of 16:0, 18:0, and 18:1 fatty acids. Formation of Nacylethanolamine phospholipids from endogenous substrates was linear for about 90 min at approximately 4.5 nmol/h/mg protein and exhibited a pH optimum of 10. Biosynthetic activity was associated with paniculate fractions, primarily microsomes, synaptosomes, and mitochondria, but not with myelin. In each case, small amounts (-0.5 nmol/h/mg protein) of long-chain N-acylethanolamines were also produced. Incubation of dog brain microsomes with 1,2-di[1′-14C]palmitoyl glycerophosphocholine yielded N-acylethanolamine phospholipids labeled at both N-acyl (55%) and O-acyl (45%) moieties. It appears that dog brain organelles may contain a phosphatidylethanolamine N-acyl transferase (transacylase) analogous to that recently demonstrated in the myocardial tissue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1983.tb00825.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of Th and Zr in uranium by emission spectrography (1983)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 315 (1983), S. 353-354 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00488509
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