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  • 1980-1984  (8)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copolyester studies. VII. The dyeing behavior of undrawn fibers derived from tetramethylene terephthalate: Poly(tetramethylene oxide) random block copolymers (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 4125-4133 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A series of copolymers based on poly(tetramethylene terephthalate) containing poly(tetramethylene oxide) blocks whose molecular weights ranged from 1000 to 5000 in concentrations from 10 to 30% by weight was prepared. The polymers were melt spun into fibers and the undrawn fibers dyed with a disperse dye at three temperatures. The equibrium adsorption and diffusion coefficient of the dye increased with both the molecular weight and concentration of the polyether. The equilibrium adsorption varied linearly with both the molecular weight and concentration. It has been assumed that the equilibrium dye partition coefficient KM gives a parameter of the accessibility, V, of the fiber for dye. If the diffusion coefficient DM is given by DM = VDo/τ, where Do is the diffusion coefficient of the dye in the amorphous regions and τ is a tortuosity factor, a good correlation can be obtained between KM and DM, suggesting that changes in Do/τ vary in a systematic fashion.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1981.070261215
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The accessibility of sulphonic acid groups in basic dyeable polyester fibers. I. The prevention of fiber hydrolysis during dyeing (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 4087-4094 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The rate of acid hydrolysis of a basic dyeable polyester in water, before and after heat-setting, has been investigated. Intrinsic viscosity measurements and chemical analysis have been used to establish experimental conditions under which the hydrolysis is inhibited. It is suggested that the critical stage of the hydrolysis mechanism is the exchange of sodium ions from the sulphonate groups in the fiber for hydrogen ions.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1981.070261211
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of addition of high-density polyethylene on the crystallization and mechanical properties of polypropylene and glass-fiber-reinforced polypropylene (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 27 (1982), S. 4669-4686 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: High-density polyethylene up to about 30% by weight was melt-mixed with polypropylene and short-glass-fiber-reinforced polypropylene. The presence of high-density polyethylene and glass fibers in the polypropylene matrix affects its crystallization characteristics, which were studied with the help of differential scanning calorimetry. The blend and composite samples have a large number of polypropylene domains apparently due to an abundance of surface nuclei; as a result, the tensile strength, tensile modulus, and toughness are enhanced. The temperature dependence of shear modulus and logarithmic decrement indicate that high-density polyethylene can have plasticizing effect below the glass transition temperature of polypropylene. The scanning electron micrographs of fractured ends show the presence of dispersed domains in the composite samples.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1982.070271214
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The carrier dyeing of synthetic fibers (1980)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 20 (1980), S. 276-281 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The mode of action of carriers in augmenting the rate of dyeing of disperse dyes with acrylic and polyester fibers is discussed in terms of the plasticizing action of the carrier. It is shown that the effectiveness of a carrier is determined by its ability to reduce the glass transition temperature of the fiber and not by the fiber swelling. The rate of dyeing as measured by the diffusion coefficient of the dye is shown to be uniquely related to the difference between the dyeing temperature and the glass transition temperature (T - Tg). In the light of these results, some aspects of carrier action in dyeing from perchlorethylene are discussed. Treatment of polyester fibers with carrier also increases crystallinity. Changes in diffusion for a series of copolyesters have been correlated with the long spacing obtained from small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS).
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760200409
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copolyester studies. VI. Melt spinning and mechanical properties of tetramethylene terephthalate-poly(tetramethylene oxide) random block copolymers (1980)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 869-878 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Fibers were prepared from tetramethylene terephthalate-polytetrahydrofuran (PTHF) random block copolymers, containing the latter in the range of molecular weights 1000-5000 with up to 30% by weight incorporation, using a conventional melt spinning technique. The spinnability of the copolymer and the mechanical properties of these undrawn fibers were evaluated. The changes in mechanical properties brought about by the incorporation of PTHF groups in 4GT units were related to the PTHF block size and content in the copolymer. X-ray diffraction data are also discussed briefly in terms of the structural differences.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1980.070250514
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copolyester studies. V. Preparation and characterization of tetramethylene terephthalate-poly(tetramethylene oxide) random block copolymers (1980)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 855-867 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Random block copolymers of tetramethylene terephthalate and polytetrahydrofuran (PTHF) were prepared by melt polycondensation. Five different molecular weights of PTHF were used in the polymerizations with up to 30% by weight incorporation. The copolymers so obtained were characterized in terms of their molecular weight by means of endgroup analysis and solution viscometry. Compositions were established by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Thermal properties were studied by differential scanning calorimetry and dynamic mechanical methods. Melting and glass transition temperatures are discussed in terms of the structural differences, particularly the effect of polyether composition and block size on chain flexibility.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1980.070250513
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The accessibility of sulphonic acid groups in basic dyeable polyester fibers. II. The influence of plasticization on the ion exchange process (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 4095-4101 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The exchange of the sodium ions of the sodium sulphonate group in anionically modified polyester fibers has been measured. The accessibility of the sulphonate groups in the polymer is greatly improved by plasticization and is independent of the size of the exchanging ion.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1981.070261212
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transcrystallinity in injection molded polypropylene glass fibre composites (1983)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 113 (1983), S. 113-120 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Es wurde das Vorkommen von Transkristallinität in Polypropylen bei Anwesenheit von Glasfasern unter Spannung untersucht. Das Experiment wurde an einem Heiztisch-Polarisationsmikroskop durchgeführt. Dabei zeigte sich, daß leichte mechanische Spannung an den Faser-Polymer-Grenzflächen zu Oberflächennukleierung und Wachstum von transkristallinen Bereichen führt. Gemische von Polypropylen mit verschiedenen Konzentrationen von Glasfasern wurden durch Spritzgießen hergestellt. Die beobachteten transkristallinen Bereiche der Spritzgußproben wurden auf genügende innere Spannungen zurückgeführt. Ferner zeigte sich, daß die Zunahme der Faserkonzentration die Transkristallinität erhöht. Das weist darauf hin, daß die inneren Spannungen mit zunehmendem Faseranteil angestiegen sind.
    Notes: The occurrence of transcrystallinity in polypropylene in the presence of glass fibres under stress was studied. An experiment was designed on a hot-stage polarizing microscope in which it was found that slight mechanical stress at the fibre polymer interface gives rise to surface nucleation and growth of transcrystalline regions. Composites of polypropylene with various concentrations of glass fibres were prepared by injection molding. The observed transcrystalline regions in the injection molded samples were attributed to the availability of sufficient inherent internal stresses. Moreover, an increase in fibre concentration was found to enhance transcrystallinity. This indicated that the internal stresses were increased with increasing fibre population.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1983.051130111
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