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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 50 (1972), S. 112-115 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Plasma renin activity ; renin response ; unilateral nephrectomy ; suppressed renin response ; furosemide ; Plasmareninaktivität ; Reaktion des Renin-Angiotensin-Systems ; unilaterale Nephrektomie ; verminderte Reninansprechbarkeit ; Furosemid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei zehn Patienten, bei denen 6 bis 84 Monate vor der Untersuchung aus verschiedenen Gründen eine unilaterale Nephrektomie vorgenommen worden war, fand sich eine im Vergleich zu zehn normalen Personen erniedrigte Plasmareninaktivität (PRA). Unter konstanten Bedingungen und Standarddiät mit leicht vermindertem Salzgehalt nahm in beiden Gruppen die PRA leicht zu, jedoch blieb die Differenz bestehen. Intravenöse Injektion von 60 mg Furosemid hatte bei den Kontrollpersonen einen starken Anstieg der PRA zur Folge, während bei den unilateral nephrektomierten Patienten die Reaktion verzögert und abgeschwächt war. Bei den meisten dieser Patienten erreichte die PRA nur die bei normalen Personen vor Furosemidinjektion gemessenen Werte. Es wird geschlossen, daß die verminderte Aktivität und Ansprechbarkeit des Renin-Angiotensin-Systems nach unilateraler Nephrektomie die Folge der Anpassung der Nierenfunktion an die Verminderung der Nierenmasse ist.
    Notes: Summary In a group of subjects who had undergone unilateral nephrectomy 6 to 84 months previously, plasma renin activity was lower than in control subjects having both kidneys. After admission of the patients to hospital and they being kept on a standard diet of mild sodium restriction, PRA rose slightly in both groups without affecting the difference initially present. Injection of 60 mg furosemide induced a steep and marked increase in PRA in the control subjects, whereas the response of the unilaterally nephrectomized subjects was delayed and suppressed. In most of the latter subjects, PRA did not exceed values measured in control subjects before furosemide injection. It is concluded that the suppressed activity and responsiveness of the renin-angiotensin system after unilateral nephrectomy is part of the adjustment of the renal function to the reduction in renal mass.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 28 (1973), S. 269-274 
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: δ 9-THC ; Marihuana ; Hypertension ; Blood Pressure ; Immobilization ; Stress ; Therapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effects of δ 9-tetrahydrocannabinol upon rat blood pressure were studied in control rats and in rats subjected to repeated immobilization stress over seven days. The immobilization stress was associated with a significant blood pressure increase in animals not receiving δ 9-THC. δ 9-THC resulted in a significant lowering of blood pressure in non-immobilized rats and blocked the appearance of hypertension in immobilized rats. These data support previous suggestions that THC compounds might be useful in an approach to the therapy of hypertension.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The role of brain catecholaminergic neurones in the pathogenesis of DOCA-salt hypertension in the rat was investigated by selective depletion of central catecholamines using intraventricular or intracisternal administration of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). Only the intraventricular injections prevented the development of hypertension. In addition, intraventricular 6-OHDA reversed the hypertension produced by two weeks but not six weeks of DOCA-salt treatment. The ability of intraventricular injections of 6-OHDA to prevent or reverse DOCA-salt hypertension while intracisternal injections do not, appears to be related to the greater depletion of brain catecholamines produced by the intraventricular injections. Only in the spinal cord and in the locus coeruleus were the norepinephrine contents depleted equally by either injection route. These findings suggest that central catecholaminergic neurones other than those originating in the locus coeruleus or descending in the spinal cord are important in the initiation, but not in the long term maintenance, of DOCA-salt hypertension. The influence of the central catecholamine neurons involved in the development of DOCA-salt hypertension might be mediated neurally via nonadrenergic pathways or hormonally via the brain-pituitary-endocrine system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 40 (1977), S. 159-170 
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary This paper reviews some of the evidence in the literature that suggests neurochemical processes by which the regulation of seizure threshold and the onset of schizophrenic-like symptoms are interrelated. For those patients who experience the alternation of seizures and acute psychoses the following working hypothesis is presented: The central dopaminergic synapse is described as a malfunctioning regulatory circuit. Insufficient feedback inhibition or lifting of the setpoint leads to an increased number of occupied receptors. This might cause schizophrenic-like symptoms. Insufficient release of feedback control or lowering of the setpoint leads to a decreased number of occupied receptors. This might increase seizure susceptibility. The neurochemical arguments in support of this hypothesis will be discussed in detail. The localization of the dopaminergic synapses involved in the development of schizophrenic-like symptoms is subject to speculation. The meso-limbic dopaminergic system has to be taken into consideration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 36 (1975), S. 107-112 
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The activity of dopamine-β-hydroxylase, the enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of dopamine to norepinephrine, was measured in the serum of a strain of Wistar rats homozygous and heterozygous for a genetic form of hypothalamic diabetes insipidus and in Wistar control rats. Serum dopamine-β-hydroxylase activity and water intake was highest in the homozygous affected rats and lowest in normal controls. Treatment with pitressin tannate reduced serum enzyme activity and water intake in rats with diabetes insipidus to levels which did not differ from controls. Thus serum dopamine-β-hydroxylase activity appeared to vary directly with changes in sympathetic nerve activity in response to intravascular volume depletion and repletion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 39 (1976), S. 301-307 
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Rat serum dopamine-β-hydroxylase (DBH) activity is quite high in the immediate post-natal period reaching peak activity (75 units) at 16 days of age. Activity then decreases rapidly over the following weeks to approach adult levels (10 units) by seven weeks of age. Also, specific activity of DBH in heart increased rapidly during the first 2 1/2 weeks of life attaining adult levels by 18 days of age. In contrast, heart weight and total DBH activity in whole heart increased in a coordinate fashion at a relatively constant rate throughout the first seven weeks of life. Serum levels of non-copper sensitive endogenous inhibitor (s) of DBH increased throughout the first seven weeks of life while no change in copper sensitive inhibition was observed. Also, the rapid phase of decrease in serum DBH activity corresponded to the period of the most rapid increase in body weight.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 46 (1979), S. 35-45 
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: Renin ; dopamine-beta-hydroxylase ; aldosterone ; sodium ; volume expansion ; natriuresis ; man
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Circadian variations of plasma renin activity, plasma dopamine-beta-hydroxylase, and urinary aldosterone excretion were measured in man under conditions of high- and low-sodium intake. Plasma renin activity and urinary aldosterone excretion were maximal at 8 a.m. Plasma DBH shows small, biologically insignificant circadian fluctuations. In three subjects on low-salt diets, the values were lower than those in the same subjects on high-salt diets. Expansion of intravascular volume in supine normal volunteers lowered plasma renin and DBH activity, and also resulted in a significant natriuresis. The decline in DBH activity probably reflects a decrease in its release from autonomic nerve endings and thus demonstrates in man an effect of decreasing autonomic activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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