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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vapor phase determination of blood ammonia by an optical waveguide technique (1979)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 51 (1979), S. 505-508 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac50040a012
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Cybrid Lines Expressing Mitochondrial Genes from Patients with Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (2000)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd.
    Journal of neurochemistry 75 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a neurodegenerative movement disorder of unknown etiology. We hypothesized that mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) aberration could occur in this disease and contribute to its pathogenesis. To address this we created transmitochondrial cytoplasmic hybrid (cybrid) cell lines expressing mitochondrial genes from persons with PSP. The presence of cybrid mtDNA aberration was screened for by biochemical assay of mitochondrial gene products. Relative to a control cybrid set, complex I activity was reduced in PSP cybrid lines (p 〈 0.005). Antioxidant enzyme activities were elevated in PSP cybrid lines. These data suggest that mtDNA aberration occurs in PSP, causes electron transport chain pathology, and can produce oxidative stress. Further study of mitochondrial dysfunction in PSP may yield insights into why neurodegeneration occurs in this disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.2000.0751681.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    EVIDENCE FOR EXTRANORADRENERGIC DOPAMINE-β-HYDROXYLASE ACTIVITY IN RAT SALIVARY GLAND (1974)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 22 (1974), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: —Three days after superior cervical ganglionectomy of adult Sprague-Dawley rats, the levels of endogenous norepinephrine, the uptake process for [3H]norepinephrine and the activity of tyrosine hydroxylase decreased 99 per cent in the ipsilateral salivary gland. In contrast, the activity of dopamine-β-hydroxylase and DOPA decarboxylase fell to 30 per cent of the activity of the contralateral innervated gland. Examination of the cofactor requirements, the characteristics of activation by cupric ion and the immunologic identity of this residual hydroxylase activity indicated that it was authentic dopamine-β-hydroxylase. The residual dopamine-β-hydroxylase in the denervated gland had the same subcellular distribution as the enzyme in the innervated salivary gland. Procedures that caused atrophy or hypertrophy of the acinar cells did not affect the total content of dopamine-β-hydroxylase in the denervated salivary gland. Chemical sympathectomy with 6-hydroxy-dopamine caused a 40 per cent decrement in the serum levels of dopamine-β-hydroxylase but a 30 per cent increase in its activity in the denervated salivary gland. Although denervation caused a complete loss of endogenous norepinephrine in the salivary gland, it resulted in only a 15 per cent decrement in the levels of endogenous octopamine and β-phenylethanolamine, two other products of dopamine-β-hydroxylase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1974.tb04316.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    AXONAL TRANSPORT OF PHENYLETHANOLAMINE-N-METHYLTRANSFERASE IN TOAD SCIATIC NERVE (1974)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 22 (1974), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: —The presence of phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.-) and dopamine-β-hydroxylase (EC 1.14.2.1) activities was demonstrated in the sciatic nerve of the toad, Bufo marinus. The rates of accumulation of phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase (PNMT) and dopamine-β-hydroxylase (DBH) proximal to a ligation of the sciatic nerve were studied. DBH accumulated proximal to the ligation at a more than 10-fold faster rate than PNMT. By measuring the rate of loss of enzyme activity distal to a ligation, an estimate of per cent clearance of each enzyme was made. Based on the per cent of enzyme activity free to move, the absolute transport rates for each enzyme were estimated to be: PNMT, 3.6 mm/24 h; DBH, 102 mm/24 h. PNMT activity (89 per cent) was recovered in the soluble fraction of sciatic nerve homogenates with no change occurring in the subcellular distribution of the enzyme proximal to ligations. In contrast, 43 per cent of DBH activity was found in the soluble fraction of sciatic nerve homogenates; but a disproportionate increase in paniculate DBH activity was found proximal to sciatic nerve ligations. Reduction of toad body temperature to 4°C resulted in a complete but totally reversible block of the axonal transport of both PNMT and DBH.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1974.tb04337.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    AXONAL TRANSPORT OF CATECHOLAMINE SYNTHESIZING AND METABOLIZING ENZYMES (1973)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 20 (1973), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The rates of accumulation of the catecholamine synthesizing and metabolizing enzymes proximal to a ligation on the sciatic nerve of the rat were studied. Dopamine-β hydroxylase (EC 1.14.2.1) and tyrosine hydroxylase (EC 1.14.3a) accumulated at a similar rapid rate, and catechol-O-methyl-transferase (EC 2.1.1.6), choline acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.6) and monoamine oxidase (EC 1.4.3.4) accumulated at the same slow rate, whereas DOPA decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.26) accumulated at an intermediate rate. Based on clearance of the rapidly accumulating enzymes, absolute flow rates were estimated to be: 106-167 mm/24 h for tyrosine hydroxylase; 138-185 mm/24 h for dopamine-β-hydroxylase; and 36-86 mm/24 h for DOPA decarboxylase. In contrast, the mean rate of transport of the slowly accumulating enzymes (monomine oxidase, catechol-O-methyltransferase and choline acetyltransferase) was approximately 3 mm/24 h. Colchicine and vinblastine completely blocked the axonal transport of both the rapidly and slowly transported enzymes. Studies of the subcellular distribution of each enzyme failed to confirm the suggestion that particulate enzymes are transported rapidly and soluble enzymes slowly. Our results suggest that the transport and inactivation of dopamine-β-hydroxylase, DOPA decarboxylase, and tyrosine hydroxylase are under different controls than monoamine oxidase and catechol-O-methyltransferase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1973.tb00248.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    LOCALIZATION OF EXTRANEURONAL DOPAMINE-β-HYDROXYLASE IN RAT SALIVARY GLAND BY IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE HISTOCHEMISTRY (1975)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 24 (1975), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract— Superior cervical ganglionectomy results in a complete noradrenergic neuronal denervation of the rat sublingual-submaxillary salivary gland. Dopamine-β-hydroxylase activity in the serous submaxillary gland falls approximately 90% after noradrenergic denervation; but in the mucinproducing sublingual gland dopamine-β-hydroxylase activity is reduced by only 33%. Dopamine-β-hydroxylase immunofluorescence in the submaxillary gland is distributed with noradrenergic neurons and is eliminated by superior cervical ganglionectomy. In the sublingual gland dopamine-β-hydroxylase immunofluorescence is localized within mucinous acini and small ducts, and the disposition and intensity of staining materials is not affected by noradrenergic denervation for up to 30 days. DBH protein in the sublingual gland had little physiologic activity in vivo. Low levels of authentic dopamine-β-hydroxylase activity were detected in saliva. Thus, dopamine-β-hydroxylase protein is present in the sublingual gland in an extraneuronal location and appears to be a secretory product of the gland.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1975.tb03884.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transport and Turnover of Acetylcholinesterase and Choline Acetyltransferase in Rat Sciatic Nerve and Skeletal Muscle (1980)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 34 (1980), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We studied the axonal transport and turnover of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activities in rat sciatic nerve and skeletal muscle. AChE activity accumulated proximal to a sciatic nerve ligation rapidly and linearly for 4-6 h, and ChAT accumulated much more slowly, but linearly, for at least 4 days. In the nerve segment distal to a ligation, AChE activity accumulated rapidly and linearly for 3-4 h, while no change was found for ChAT for up to 48 h. Only 13% of total AChE activity in rat sciatic nerve moved in the rapidly transported phase. The absolute rate of rapid orthograde axonal transport of AChE activity was estimated to be approximately 390 mm per day and for retrograde transport approximately 230 mm per day. ChAT transport occurred only in the orthograde direction and at a rate of approximately 1-2 mm per day. It is suggested that previous investigations of turnover of AChE and ChAT activities in skeletal muscle over-estimated the true rate of turnover. We estimate that the theoretical minimal rate of turnover for total AChE and ChAT activities in skeletal muscle were 200 days and 950 days, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1980.tb06605.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Elevated serum dopamine-β-hydroxylase activity in rats with inherited diabetes insipidus (1975)
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 36 (1975), S. 107-112 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The activity of dopamine-β-hydroxylase, the enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of dopamine to norepinephrine, was measured in the serum of a strain of Wistar rats homozygous and heterozygous for a genetic form of hypothalamic diabetes insipidus and in Wistar control rats. Serum dopamine-β-hydroxylase activity and water intake was highest in the homozygous affected rats and lowest in normal controls. Treatment with pitressin tannate reduced serum enzyme activity and water intake in rats with diabetes insipidus to levels which did not differ from controls. Thus serum dopamine-β-hydroxylase activity appeared to vary directly with changes in sympathetic nerve activity in response to intravascular volume depletion and repletion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01256758
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Serum dopamine-ß-hydroxylase activity in rat during post-natal development (1976)
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 39 (1976), S. 301-307 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Rat serum dopamine-β-hydroxylase (DBH) activity is quite high in the immediate post-natal period reaching peak activity (75 units) at 16 days of age. Activity then decreases rapidly over the following weeks to approach adult levels (10 units) by seven weeks of age. Also, specific activity of DBH in heart increased rapidly during the first 2 1/2 weeks of life attaining adult levels by 18 days of age. In contrast, heart weight and total DBH activity in whole heart increased in a coordinate fashion at a relatively constant rate throughout the first seven weeks of life. Serum levels of non-copper sensitive endogenous inhibitor (s) of DBH increased throughout the first seven weeks of life while no change in copper sensitive inhibition was observed. Also, the rapid phase of decrease in serum DBH activity corresponded to the period of the most rapid increase in body weight.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01266306
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regional cerebral glucose utilization in withdrawal following systemic and intracerebroventricular sufentanil administration (1994)
    Springer
    Neurochemical research 19 (1994), S. 1243-1248 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6903
    Keywords: Sufentanil ; [14C]2-DG-autoradiography ; regional cerebral glucose utilization ; intracerebroventricular ; opiate dependence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Regional cerebral glucose utilization (RCGU) and behavior were studied during naloxone-precipitated withdrawal in rats after chronic intravenous (IV) or intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration of sufentanil citrate, a potent, highly selective mu opiate agonist. Changes in RCGU were indistinguishable between the two groups (p〈0.05) in 21 of 24 anatomically related limbic and brainstem structures known to be activated during withdrawal. Rats made dependent by ICV infusions of sufentanil had smaller RCGU changes in the lateral septal areas, lateral habenular nuclei and paratenial nuclei than rats made dependent by IV infusions of sufentanil. These observations are consistent with infusion artifact, given the proximity of these structures to the site of IVC infusion. All 24 structures had increased RCGU in experimental groups compared with controls (p〈0.05). Although linear regression analysis suggests slightly greater RCGU changes in rats after IV sufentanil than in rats after ICV sufentanil (m=0.81), the changes in corresponding structures are highly correlated (r=0.96) indicating qualitatively almost identical RCGU changes. Behavioral changes paralleled RCGU changes and revealed slightly greater withdrawal in rats after IV sufentanil but no clear qualitative differences. Taken together, these results suggest that cerebral metabolic changes in withdrawal following chronic sufentanil administration result exclusively from effects at CNS opiate receptors and not from peripheral receptors. Additionally, the current study provides a model for the production of opiate dependence, by the ICV administration of a specific mu opiate receptor agonist that is relatively free of infusion artifact.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01006813
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