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  • 1975-1979  (8)
  • 1970-1974  (5)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A statistical method for determining the proportions of gray matter, white matter, and CSF using computed tomography (1978)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 16 (1978), S. 133-135 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The brain may be considered as a collection of volume elements (voxels) containing unknown proportions of gray matter (GM), white matter (WM), and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). If one assumes that (1) the attenuation coefficients for voxels with the same proportions of GM, WM, and CSF follow a Gaussian distribution whose mean is a weighted average of the mean attenuation coefficients of pure GM, WM, and CSF and (2) the voxel-to-voxel variation in proportions follows a Dirichlet probability distribution, then the overall proportions of GM, WM, and CSF can be calculated by optimizing the parameters of a compound Dirichlet-Gaussian distribution. This approach permits a quantitative analysis of the compartmental composition of the brain and may be useful in the evaluation of patients with cerebral edema, hydrocephalus, and leukoencephalopathy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00395227
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Leukoencephalopathy following high-dose intravenous methotrexate chemotherapy: Quantitative assessment of white matter attenuation using computed tomography (1978)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 16 (1978), S. 44-47 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A clinical or subclinical leukoencephalopathy occurs in some children after treatment of acute lymphatic leukemia with prophylactic cranial radiation therapy and parenteral or intrathecal methotrexate. We have observed a similar clinical leukoencephalopathy in patients with bone tumors treated with intravenous high-dose methotrexate and citrovorum factor without cranial irradiation. CT scans of such patients may indicate decreased white matter attenuation, but visual appraisal of this phenomenon is occasionally misleading. A computerized method for analyzing white matter hypodensity by determining the mean attenuation coefficient for one or several contiguous CT slices has therefore been developed. Serial comparisons of this mean attenuation coefficient appear to be more reliable than simple visual appraisal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00395199
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Buchbesprechungen (1978)
    Springer
    European food research and technology 167 (1978), S. 32-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-2385
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01122882
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Untersuchungen an Kaffee und Kaffee-Ersatz (1976)
    Springer
    European food research and technology 161 (1976), S. 143-150 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-2385
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Das mittels Fehlingscher Lösung aus Kaffee-Aufgüssen fällbare Galaktomannan läßt sich mit befriedigender Genauigkeit quantitativ bestimmen. Der Gehalt der Extrakte an diesem Polysaccharid nimmt mit steigendem Röstgrad des Kaffees zu. Das Galaktomannan macht 6,6–12,7% der Trockenmasse der Extrakte und rund 1,8–4,4% des Röstkaffees aus. Es besteht zum größten Teil aus Mannan, der Anteil des Galaktans ist bedeutend geringer. Häufig sind Spuren von Glucan vorhanden. Der Gehalt an Mannan nimmt mit steigendem Röstgrad des Kaffees zu, jener an Galaktan dagegen sehr rasch ab.
    Notes: Summary It is possible to determine quantitatively with satisfactory accuracy the galactomannan which is precipitated in coffee brew after addition of Fehling solution. The content of polysaccharides in the extracts increases with the degree of roasting. Galactomannan makes up 6.6 to 12.7% of the dry matter of the extracts and 1.8 to 4.4% of that of roast coffee. It consists mainly of mannan, to a much smaller degree of galactan. Often there are traces of glucan. The content of mannan increases with the degree of roasting while that of galactan decreases very rapidly.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01112858
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Buchbesprechungen (1976)
    Springer
    European food research and technology 162 (1976), S. 169-181 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-2385
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01274260
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Untersuchungen an Kaffee und Kaffee-Ersatz (1970)
    Springer
    European food research and technology 143 (1970), S. 342-348 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-2385
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Drei Proben von Robusta-Kaffee verschiedener Herkunft (Angola, Guinea und Ugunda) wiesen die gleichen Polysaccharid-Komplexe auf, die seinerzeit bei Arabica-Kaffee gefunden worden waren: Der eine Komplex ist in kaltem Wasser, ein anderer nur in heißem Wasser löslich. Beim Aufschluß mit Chlordioxid erhält man eine Holocellulose, wobei ein Galaktoaraban in Lösung geht. Die qualitative und quantitative Zusammensetzung dieser vier Komplexe entspricht weitgehend derjenigen des Arabica-Kaffees. Auch der Gehalt der grünen Robusta-Bohnen an den einzelnen Komplexen ist etwa der gleiche wie beiCoflea arabica. In den hochpolymeren Kohlenhydraten des Kalt- und Heißwasserextraktes Bowie im Galaktoaraban der Robusta-Sorten sind Arabinoseanhydrid und Galaktoseanhydrid jedoch deutlicher in stöchiometrischen Verhältnissen vorhanden, als es bei den Arabica-Proben der Fall war.
    Notes: Summary Three samples of Robusta-coffee from Angola, Guinea and Uganda showed the same complexes of polysaccharides found in Arabica-coffee. One of the complexes is soluble in cold water, an other in boiling water. Treatment with chlorine dioxide splits off the residue of the extraction with water in a holocellulose and a soluble galactoaraban. The qualitative and quantitative composition of the four complexes corresponds very closely to that of Arabica coffee complexes. The raw Robusta coffee contains nearly the same percentage of the complexes as Arabica coffee. The galactose-arabinose ratio in the high polymer carbohydrates of the cold and hot water residues of Robusta coffee is clearer than that of the corresponding complexes of Arabica coffee.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01454109
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Verhalten von Aminosäuren und Amiden bei der Bestimmung von Ammoniak in Lebensmitteln (1971)
    Springer
    European food research and technology 145 (1971), S. 263-270 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-2385
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 1. Die im Weizeneiweiß vorkommenden bekanntesten 19 Aminosäuren wurden einzeln der alkalischen Wasserdampf-Destillation unterworfen. Dabei spalteten nur Cystein und Cystin nachweislich Ammoniak ab. Alle übrigen 17 Aminosäuren können diesen aggressiven Bedingungen widerstehen. Die meisten von ihnen waren lediglich mehr oder weniger geringfügig mit Ammoniumsalzen verunreinigt. 2. Unter den gleichen Bedingungen — und zwar schon bei schwächster Alkalität — wurden von Glutamin etwa 7% und bei dreifach verlängerter Destillationsdauer 9,6% Ammoniak-Stickstoff abgespalten. Dieser Anteil entspricht der Gesamtmenge des Amidstickstoffes von Glutamin. 3. Um ihre unterschiedliche Aggressivität zu testen, wurden drei andere zur Isolierung von Ammoniak vorgesehene Verfahren an Glutamin ausprobiert. Nach allen 3 Methoden wurde um mindestens 1–2 Zehnerpotenzen weniger Ammoniak als bei der Wasserdampf-Destillation abgespalten. Dabei erwies sich nicht das Isotherm-Verfahren (in Lips-Conway-Schalen), sondern eine neu entwickelte Mikro-Vakuum-Destillation als die bisher schonendste Methode zur Freisetzung von Ammoniak.
    Notes: Summary 1. The best known 19 amino-acids present in wheat protein were separately tested by the alkaline steam-distillation method. It was found that only Cystein and Cystin released ammonia. The other 17 amino-acids can resist these extreme conditions. Most of them were only contaminated more or less by ammonia compounds. 2. Under the same conditions - except in the presence of very little alkali — from glutamine about 7% ammonia was released and when the duration of distillation was prolonged three times 9,6% ammonia had been released. This percentage represents the entire nitrogen of the amide-group of glutamine. 3. Three methods, known to liberate ammonia were tested with glutamine, in order to find out the difference in their effectiveness. After testing all three methods, much less ammonia was released than by using the steam-distillation-method. Thereby, a newly developed method of microvacuum-destillation for liberation of ammonia proved to be the most mild procedure, even milder than the Isothermal Diffusion Unit method of Lips-Conway.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01637725
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A second system of alloantigens expressed selectively on epidermal cells of the mouse (1977)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 5 (1977), S. 17-23 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In early experiments, rejection of strain A skin allografts by (B6×A)→B6 radiation chimeras indicated that mouse epidermal cells possess a distinctive transplantation alloantigen that is absent from marrow and lymphoid cells. Current studies reveal the existence of at least two such skin-specific antigens, determined by two segregating genetic loci.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01570459
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur Bestimmung von Ammoniak in Lebensmitteln (1970)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 251 (1970), S. 30-33 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Ein von Burg u. Mook entwickelter, kleiner Vakuum-Destillationsapparat wurde das Gerät der Wahl: Nach den auch hier für ein schonendes Verfahren ermittelten optimalen Destillationsbedin-gungen können Ammoniakmengen im Mikrogrammbereich bei einer Mindestalkalität von pH 10 und einer Destillationstemperatur von etwa 25° C aus echten Lösungen innerhalb von 5 min, aus Suspensionen innerhalb von 15 min quantitativ freigesetzt werden. Das zur Beschleunigung des Übertreibens erforderliche Bewegen des ganzen Mikro-Vakuumapparates wurde durch ein selbstgebautes Sehüttelgerät mechanisiert und erlaubt Destillationen in Serie. Dabei wurden in Weizenmehlen nach verschiedenen Lagerungszeiten präformierte Ammoniumverbindungen, berechnet als Stickstoff, in einer Größenordnung von 10–30 mg/kg gefunden; darüber hinaus wurde jedoch keine Abspaltung von Ammoniak festgestellt.
    Notes: Abstract A small apparatus for vacuum-micro-distillation developed by Burg and Mook finally gave satisfactory results: According to the optimum conditions for a careful procedure of distillation, which hereby were also tested, micrograms of ammonia can be liberated quantitatively from true solutions within 5 min and from suspensions within 15 min, provided that the alkalinity is at least pH 10 and the liquid mixture in the distillation flask has a temperature of approximately 25° C. In order to accelerate the procedure of distillation it is necessary to shake the whole apparatus; a selfmade shaker, which allows distillations in series, was employed for that purpose. Thereby, in wheat flours after different periods of storage, preformed ammonia compounds were found in a range of 10–30 mg/kg, calculated as nitrogen; but apart from this no releasing of ammonia was observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00430471
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur Bestimmung von Ammoniak in Lebensmitteln (1970)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 250 (1970), S. 120-123 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Unter verschiedenartigen Gefäßen für die Isothermdiffusion erwies sich am zweckmäßigsten die mit Schliffflachen und unterteilter Außenrille versehene Lips-Conway-Schale, mit der die optimalen Bedin gungen für eine quantitative Freisetzung geringer Ammoniakmengen ermittelt wurden. Die bei einer Temperatur von 37°C und einer Mindestalkalität von pH 11 notwendigen Diffusionszeiten von 24 h waren wesentlich länger als die im Schrifttum allgemein angegebenen. Bei Anwendungen auf Suspensionen wurde eine Behinderung der Ammoniakfreisetzung und bei Mehl eine durch Alkalieinwirkung verursachte Ammoniakabspaltung festgestellt. Für Ammoniakbestimmungen in echten Lösungen ist das beschriebene Mikrodiffusionsverfahren gut brauchbar, aber für Substanzgemische mit empfindlichen organischen Stickstoffverbindungen kann es nicht als zuverlässige Methode empfohlen werden.
    Notes: Abstract The most useful of different vessels for isothermal diffusion proved to be a Conway unit as modified by Lips, having an outer groove divided in two cells and a ground-glass rim. The optimum conditions for the quantitative liberation of small amounts of ammonia were tested. With a temperature of 37°C and an alkalinity of at least pH 11 the procedure of diffusion lasts 24 hours and thereby much longer than it is generally to be found in literature. Using this method with suspensions the liberation of ammonia is inhibited and with flour additional ammonia is released, caused only by the alkalinity. Therefore, the method is useful for the determination of ammonia in true solutions but it cannot be recommended as an reliable method for substances containing instable nitrogen compounds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00454763
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