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  • 1975-1979  (1)
  • 1965-1969  (1)
  • Fettsäurezusammensetzung  (1)
  • Force and rate of force change  (1)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Precentral motor cortex ; Unit recording ; Isometric precision grip ; Force and rate of force change ; Microstimulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The activity of single neurons within the hand area of the precentral motor cortex of primates was recorded during the performance of a maintained precision grip between the thumb and forefinger. The finger opposition forces were exerted against a strain gauge which allowed force changes to be studied under near isometric conditions. Task performance required the generation of a force ramp (the dynamic phase) and thereafter the maintenance of a stable force for one second (the static phase). Intracortical stimulation through the recording electrode was used to verify that the recordings were made from the appropriate somatotopographic area of the motor cortex. From a total of 221 recorded neurons, 76 were found to be either activated or deactivated during performance of the task. Among the 51 activated neurons, most discharged at higher frequencies during the dynamic phase, than during the static phase. The discharge of some of these neurons could be related to both force (F) and rate of force change (df/dt) whereas certain others could only be correlated with df/dt. The change in discharge frequency for these neurons generally occurred prior to the onset of EMG activity. Eight neurons were more active during maintained force than during the force ramp. The discharge frequency could not be correlated with df/dt and only one showed a significant positive relation to force. The change in discharge frequency for these neurons either coincided or occurred after the onset of EMG activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 261 (1968), S. 379-388 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Nebennierenmark ; Chromaffine Granula ; Phospholipide ; Lysolecithin ; Fettsäurezusammensetzung ; Adrenal Medulla ; Chromaffin granules ; Phospholipids ; Lysolecithin ; Fatty acid composition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary 1. The fatty acid composition of total phospholipids and of Jecithin, lysolecithin and phosphatidylethanolamine isolated from bovine chromaffin granules was determined. 2. Total phospholipids are relatively rich in plasmalogens. Phosphatidylethanolamine is also rich in plasmalogen whereas lecithin contains less. Unsaturated fatty acids comprise about 60% of the total fatty acids in both of the latter phospholipids. 3. The lysolecithin of chromaffin granules is characterised by a high content (77%) of saturated fatty acids and a very low content (4%) of polyunsaturated fatty acids. The major fatty acid is stearic acid. 4. The lysolecithin formed by the action of snake venom phospholipase A2 on lecithin isolated from chromaffin granules has a fatty acid composition very similar to that of the endogenous lysolecithin. 5. It is concluded that the lysolecithin in chromaffin granules is formed by the action of a phospholipase A2 on lecithin and is the 1-acyl isomer. Possible sub-cellular events involved in the formation of the lysolecithin are discussed.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung 1. Die Fettsäurezusammensetzung der Gesamtphospholipide und von Lecithin, Lysolecithin und Phosphatidyläthanolamin aus chromaffinen Granula des Rindernebennierenmarks wurde untersucht. 2. Die Gesamtphospholipide haben einen relativ hohen Gehalt an Plasmalogenen. Phosphatidyläthanolamin enthält viel Plasmalogen, während Lecithin weniger enthält. 60% der gesamten Fettsäuren in diesen beiden Phospholipiden sind ungesättigt. 3. Lysolecithin aus chromaffinen Granula zeigt charakteristischerweise einen hohen Gehalt (77%) an gesättigten Fettsäuren und einen sehr niedrigen (4%) an mehrfach ungesättigten Fettsäuren. Stearinsäure ist die quantitativ wichtigste Fettsäure. 4. Lysolecithin, das aus Lecithin der chromaffinen Granula durch Inkubation mit Schlangengift-Phospholipase A2 erhalten wurde, hatte eine ähnliche Fettsäurezusammensetzung wie endogenes Lysolecithin. 5. Daraus wird gefolgert, daß Lysolecithin in den chromaffinen Granula durch die Wirkung einer Phospholipase A2 gebildet wird und als das 1-acyl Isomer vorliegt. Subcelluläre Vorgänge, die an der Bildung von Lysolecithin im Nebennierenmark beteiligt sein könnten, werden diskutiert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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